{"title":"Artes Liberales","description":"\u003cp\u003eDelve into the Artes Liberales series, exploring the foundations of Western education. Discover key texts and influential thinkers in rhetoric, logic, and philosophy. Essential reading for lifelong learners.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"writing-the-welsh-borderlands-in-anglo-saxon-england-book-lindy-brady-9781526139320","title":"Writing the Welsh Borderlands in Anglo-Saxon England","description":"An ambitious book which argues that the March of Wales, as it existed as a legally defined space in the period after 1066, had a long pre-history as a place of encounter and interchange from the early Anglo-Saxon period. It is argued that this frontier space was not inevitably a zone of ethnic conflict, but one where hybrid identities could exist. -- .","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49572535206161,"sku":"GOR010763512","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52606000890129,"sku":"NLS9781526139320","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52750520746257,"sku":"NIN9781526139320","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1526139324.jpg?v=1763121959"},{"product_id":"justice-and-mercy-book-philippa-byrne-9781526125347","title":"Justice and Mercy","description":"This book examines one of the most fundamental issues in twelfth-century English politics: justice. It demonstrates that during the foundational period for the common law, the question of judgement and judicial ethics was a topic of heated debate - a common problem with multiple different answers. How to be a judge, and how to judge well, was a concern shared by humble and high, keeping both kings and parish priests awake at night. Using theological texts, sermons, legal treatises and letter collections, the book explores how moralists attempted to provide guidance for uncertain judges. It argues that mercy was always the most difficult challenge for a judge, fitting uncomfortably within the law and of disputed value. Shining a new light on English legal history, Justice and mercy reveals the moral dilemmas created by the establishment of the common law.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49733230395665,"sku":"NGR9781526125347","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52592597565713,"sku":"NLS9781526125347","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/152612534X.jpg?v=1763120414"},{"product_id":"rethinking-norman-italy-book-joanna-drell-9781526138538","title":"Rethinking Norman Italy","description":"This volume on Norman Italy (southern Italy and Sicily, c. 1000-1200) honours and reflects the pioneering scholarship of Graham A. Loud. An international group of scholars reassesses and recasts the paradigm by which Norman Italy has been conventionally understood, addressing varied subjects across four key themes: historiographies, identities and communities, religion and Church, and conquest. The chapters revise and refine our understanding of Norman Italy in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, demonstrating that it was not just a parochial Norman or Mediterranean entity but also an integral player in the medieval mainstream.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49739646796049,"sku":"NGR9781526138538","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52477540794641,"sku":"NLS9781526138538","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1526138530.jpg?v=1763120127"},{"product_id":"justice-and-mercy-book-philippa-byrne-9781526155900","title":"Justice and Mercy","description":"This book examines one of the most fundamental issues in twelfth-century English politics: justice. It demonstrates that during the foundational period for the common law, the question of judgement and judicial ethics was a topic of heated debate - a common problem with multiple different answers. How to be a judge, and how to judge well, was a concern shared by humble and high, keeping both kings and parish priests awake at night. Using theological texts, sermons, legal treatises and letter collections, the book explores how moralists attempted to provide guidance for uncertain judges. It argues that mercy was always the most difficult challenge for a judge, fitting uncomfortably within the law and of disputed value. Shining a new light on English legal history, Justice and mercy reveals the moral dilemmas created by the establishment of the common law.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49739684184337,"sku":"NGR9781526155900","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52535924130065,"sku":"NLS9781526155900","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":53083413774609,"sku":"NIN9781526155900","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1526155907.jpg?v=1763120178"},{"product_id":"eternal-light-and-earthly-concerns-book-paul-fouracre-9781784993016","title":"Eternal Light and Earthly Concerns","description":"In early Christianity it was established that every church should have a light burning on the altar at all times. In this unique study, Eternal light and earthly concerns, looks at the material and social consequences of maintaining these 'eternal' lights. It investigates how the cost of lighting was met across western Europe throughout the whole of the Middle Ages, revealing the social organisation that was built up around maintaining the lights in the belief that burning them reduced the time spent in Purgatory. When that belief collapsed in the Reformation the eternal lights were summarily extinguished. The history of the lights thus offers not only a new account of change in medieval Europe, but also a sustained examination of the relationship between materiality and belief.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49741760790801,"sku":"NGR9781784993016","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52130285748497,"sku":"NLS9781784993016","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52953750667537,"sku":"NIN9781784993016","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1784993018.jpg?v=1763128249"},{"product_id":"eternal-light-and-earthly-concerns-book-paul-fouracre-9781526167201","title":"Eternal Light and Earthly Concerns","description":"In early Christianity it was established that every church should have a light burning on the altar at all times. In this unique study, Eternal light and earthly concerns, looks at the material and social consequences of maintaining these ‘eternal’ lights. It investigates how the cost of lighting was met across western Europe throughout the whole of the Middle Ages, revealing the social organisation that was built up around maintaining the lights in the belief that burning them reduced the time spent in Purgatory. When that belief collapsed in the Reformation the eternal lights were summarily extinguished. The history of the lights thus offers not only a new account of change in medieval Europe, but also a sustained examination of the relationship between materiality and belief. -- .","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49749278294289,"sku":"NGR9781526167200","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51033940295953,"sku":"NIN9781526167200","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52683032264977,"sku":"NLS9781526167200","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1526167204.jpg?v=1772793625"},{"product_id":"rethinking-norman-italy-book-joanna-drell-9781526174604","title":"Rethinking Norman Italy","description":"This volume on Norman Italy (southern Italy and Sicily, c. 1000–1200) honours and reflects the pioneering scholarship of Graham A. Loud. An international group of scholars reassesses and recasts the paradigm by which Norman Italy has been conventionally understood, addressing varied subjects across four key themes:  historiographies, identities and communities, religion and Church, and conquest. The chapters revise and refine our understanding of Norman Italy in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, demonstrating that it was not just a parochial Norman or Mediterranean entity but also an integral player in the medieval mainstream. -- .","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49751479517457,"sku":"NGR9781526174604","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52335508881681,"sku":"NLS9781526174604","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/152617460X.jpg?v=1751450737"},{"product_id":"international-law-in-europe-7001200-book-jenny-benham-9781526174499","title":"International Law in Europe, 7001200","description":"Was there international law in the Middle Ages? This book examines the extent to which such a system of rules was known and followed in the period 700 to 1200. Taking treaties as its main source, it challenges traditional interpretations of the history of international law and how it functioned in a period before fully fledged nation states. -- .","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49751532339473,"sku":"NGR9781526174499","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52150236119313,"sku":"NLS9781526174499","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52750529298705,"sku":"NIN9781526174499","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1526174499.jpg?v=1750958616"},{"product_id":"international-law-in-europe-7001200-book-jenny-benham-9781526142283","title":"International Law in Europe, 7001200","description":"Was there international law in the Middle Ages? This book examines the extent to which such a system of rules was known and followed in the period 700 to 1200. Taking treaties as its main source, it challenges traditional interpretations of the history of international law and how it functioned in a period before fully fledged nation states. -- .","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":50631707328785,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":50631708672273,"sku":"GOR014018376","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52462700364049,"sku":"NLS9781526142283","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1526142287.jpg?v=1763116011"},{"product_id":"florentine-florin-book-stefano-locatelli-9781526158130","title":"The Florentine florin","description":"Minted in Florence around November 1252, the florin became one of the leading gold currencies of the Middle Ages. Historians agree that its success was mainly due to the need for a stable means of payment in the networks of international trade. The Florentine Florin investigates the florin as a medium with hitherto neglected political, social, and cultural dimensions. By bringing human agents and political institutions more prominently into the history of the coin, this book enhances our understanding of money and its nature from a historical perspective, and provides an original framework for the integrated study of material culture and economic practices. -- .","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51386219397393,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51386221134097,"sku":"NIN9781526158130","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":51386223657233,"sku":"NGR9781526158130","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52683379179793,"sku":"NLS9781526158130","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":53502698258705,"sku":"CIN1526158132VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1526158132.jpg?v=1773315221"},{"product_id":"emotional-monasticism-book-lauren-mancia-9781526155917","title":"Emotional Monasticism","description":"Medievalists have long taught that highly emotional Christian devotion, often called 'affective piety', appeared in Europe after the twelfth century and was primarily practiced by communities of mendicants, lay people and women. Emotional monasticism challenges this view. The first study of affective piety in an eleventh-century monastic context, it traces the early history of affective devotion through the life and works of the earliest known writer of emotional prayers, John of F camp, abbot of the Norman monastery of F camp from 1028-78. Exposing the early medieval monastic roots of later medieval affective piety, the book casts a new light on the devotional life of monks in Europe before the twelfth century and redefines how medievalists should teach the history of Christianity.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51653487984913,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":51653488115985,"sku":"NGR9781526155917","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52535709401361,"sku":"NLS9781526155917","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52750416675089,"sku":"NIN9781526155917","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1526155915.jpg?v=1763123798"},{"product_id":"writing-the-welsh-borderlands-in-anglo-saxon-england-book-lindy-brady-9781784994198","title":"Writing the Welsh Borderlands in Anglo-Saxon England","description":"An ambitious book which argues that the March of Wales, as it existed as a legally defined space in the period after 1066, had a long pre-history as a place of encounter and interchange from the early Anglo-Saxon period. It is argued that this frontier space was not inevitably a zone of ethnic conflict, but one where hybrid identities could exist. -- .","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52426372907281,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52426373660945,"sku":"NLS9781784994198","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9781784994198.jpg?v=1763123341"},{"product_id":"emotional-monasticism-book-lauren-mancia-9781526140203","title":"Emotional Monasticism","description":"Drawing on the devotional culture of John of Fecamp's Norman monastery, Emotional monasticism exposes the monastic roots of medieval affective piety, casts a new light on the devotional life of monks in Europe before the twelfth century and redefines how medievalists should teach the history of Christian devotion. -- .","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52478176985361,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52478178099473,"sku":"NLS9781526140203","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9781526140203.jpg?v=1763124224"},{"product_id":"christs-war-book-matthew-bryan-gillis-9781526193780","title":"Christ’s war","description":"Christ's war examines Carolingian holy war from the forging of their empire in the eighth century to its dissolution in the late ninth century during the Northmen's attacks. It argues that the Franks understood their wars to be holy when their soldiers were without sin and, therefore, were holy themselves. God heard their prayers as they begged for divine aid, and he helped them overcome and slaughter their foes. Therefore, the Carolingian vision of holy war differed from the pious, apocalyptic military pilgrimages of the subsequent Crusades. Latin poetry serves as an important source in this study for understanding holy war, including how poets dramatized glorious victories or horrifying defeats for their audiences. The book offers important insights into the religious nature of Frankish warfare, while also contributing a fresh and innovative perspective on medieval holy war overall.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":52902637863185,"sku":"NGR9781526193780","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":53391473541393,"sku":"NLS9781526193780","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":53437496918289,"sku":"NIN9781526193780","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9781526193780.jpg?v=1771498252"},{"product_id":"social-elites-in-medieval-france-book-niall-silleabhin-9781526187185","title":"Social elites in medieval France","description":"This book makes an important and compelling intervention in long-standing debates about social changes, the power of the aristocracy and the “Feudal Revolution” in the European central middles ages. At its core, the book asks how the élites of Europe – the ecclesiastical hierarchy as well as the lay aristocrats – ‘got away with’ the extreme accumulations of wealth and power which characterised medieval society. The research adopts an innovative methodology, seeing social status not as a static position within society, but as processual, contested and in constant need of affirmation. Drawing on a case study from the Loire valley region in central France, the work argues that élite domination was neither natural nor static but was radically transformed as part of a broader re-shaping of the French economy and society in the centuries surrounding the year AD 1000. -- .","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":53432986304785,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":53432986894609,"sku":"NGR9781526187185","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9781526187185.jpg?v=1781777713"}],"url":"https:\/\/www.worldofbooks.com\/collections\/artes-liberales-book-series.oembed","provider":"World of Books ","version":"1.0","type":"link"}