{"title":"Alexander Bochman","description":"\u003cp\u003eDelve into the captivating works of Alexander Bochman, a master of suspense and intrigue. Explore thrilling narratives filled with complex characters and unexpected twists. Perfect for fans of gripping mysteries.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"logical-theory-of-causality-book-alexander-bochman-9780262045322","title":"A Logical Theory of Causality","description":"\u003cb\u003eA general formal theory of causal reasoning as a logical study of causal models, reasoning, and inference.\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eIn this book, Alexander Bochman presents a general formal theory of causal reasoning as a logical study of causal models, reasoning, and inference, basing it on a supposition that causal reasoning is not a competitor of logical reasoning but its complement for situations lacking logically sufficient data or knowledge. Bochman also explores the relationship of this theory with the popular structural equation approach to causality proposed by Judea Pearl and explores several applications ranging from artificial intelligence to legal theory, including abduction, counterfactuals, actual and proximate causality, dynamic causal models, and reasoning about action and change in artificial intelligence.\u003cbr\u003e As logical preparation, before introducing causal concepts, Bochman describes an alternative, situation-based semantics for classical logic that provides a better understanding of what can be captured by purely logical means. He then presents another prerequisite, outlining those parts of a general theory of nonmonotonic reasoning that are relevant to his own theory. These two components provide a logical background for the main, two-tier formalism of the causal calculus that serves as the formal basis of his theory. He presents the main causal formalism of the book as a natural generalization of classical logic that allows for causal reasoning. This provides a formal background for subsequent chapters. Finally, Bochman presents a generalization of causal reasoning to dynamic domains.\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49740472910097,"sku":"NGR9780262045322","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50156568281361,"sku":"CIN026204532XG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/026204532X.jpg?v=1750940440"},{"product_id":"explanatory-nonmonotonic-reasoning-book-alexander-bochman-9789812561015","title":"Explanatory Nonmonotonic Reasoning","description":"Many approaches in the field of nonmonotonic and “commonsense” reasoning are actually different representations of the same basic ideas and constructions. This book gives a logical formalization of the original, explanatory approach to nonmonotonic reasoning. It uses the basic formalism of biconsequence relations, as well as derived systems of default, autoepistemic and causal inference, to cover in a single framework such diverse systems as default logic, autoepistemic and modal nonmonotonic logics, input\/output and causal logics, argumentation theory, and semantics of general logic programs with negation as failure. This approach provides a clear separation between logical (monotonic) and nonmonotonic aspects of nonmonotonic reasoning. The separation allows, in particular, to single out the logics underlying modern logic programming and restore thereby the connection between logic programming and logic.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52455072497937,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52455073251601,"sku":"NLS9789812561015","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9789812561015.jpg?v=1759373135"},{"product_id":"logical-theory-of-nonmonotonic-inference-and-belief-change-book-alexander-bochman-9783642075162","title":"A Logical Theory of Nonmonotonic Inference and Belief Change","description":"The main subject and objective of this book are logical foundations of non- monotonic reasoning. This bears a presumption that there is such a thing as a general theory of non monotonic reasoning, as opposed to a bunch of systems for such a reasoning existing in the literature. It also presumes that this kind of reasoning can be analyzed by logical tools (broadly understood), just as any other kind of reasoning. In order to achieve our goal, we will provide a common logical basis and semantic representation in which different kinds of non monotonic reasoning can be interpreted and studied. The suggested framework will subsume ba- sic forms of nonmonotonic inference, including not only the usual skeptical one, but also various forms of credulous (brave) and defeasible reasoning, as well as some new kinds such as contraction inference relations that express relative independence of pieces of data. In addition, the same framework will serve as a basis for a general theory of belief change which, among other things, will allow us to unify the main approaches to belief change existing in the literature, as well as to provide a constructive view of the semantic representation used. This book is a monograph rather than a textbook, with all its advantages (mainly for the author) and shortcomings (for the reader).","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52481489109265,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52481490125073,"sku":"NLS9783642075162","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642075162.jpg?v=1759851799"},{"product_id":"logical-theory-of-nonmonotonic-inference-and-belief-change-book-alexander-bochman-9783540417668","title":"A Logical Theory of Nonmonotonic Inference and Belief Change","description":"The main subject and objective of this book are logical foundations of non- monotonic reasoning. This bears a presumption that there is such a thing as a general theory of non monotonic reasoning, as opposed to a bunch of systems for such a reasoning existing in the literature. It also presumes that this kind of reasoning can be analyzed by logical tools (broadly understood), just as any other kind of reasoning. In order to achieve our goal, we will provide a common logical basis and semantic representation in which different kinds of non monotonic reasoning can be interpreted and studied. The suggested framework will subsume ba- sic forms of nonmonotonic inference, including not only the usual skeptical one, but also various forms of credulous (brave) and defeasible reasoning, as well as some new kinds such as contraction inference relations that express relative independence of pieces of data. In addition, the same framework will serve as a basis for a general theory of belief change which, among other things, will allow us to unify the main approaches to belief change existing in the literature, as well as to provide a constructive view of the semantic representation used. This book is a monograph rather than a textbook, with all its advantages (mainly for the author) and shortcomings (for the reader).","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52486783664401,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52486785007889,"sku":"NLS9783540417668","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783540417668.jpg?v=1759859770"}],"url":"https:\/\/www.worldofbooks.com\/collections\/author-books-by-alexander-bochman.oembed","provider":"World of Books ","version":"1.0","type":"link"}