{"title":"Anthony Downs","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"economic-theory-of-democracy-book-anthony-downs-9780060417505","title":"An Economic Theory of Democracy","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eNerve agents in Postwar Britain\u003c\/i\u003e presents a fascinating history of the twists and turns of the UK's policy on chemical weapons.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e--Hassan Elbahtimy, \u003c\/b\u003e Senior Lecturer, War Studies Department, King's College London, UK\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis is a compelling story. The archives King has analysed show British ministers and officials in frequent discomfort, torn between military secrecy and public scrutiny, never sure what nerve agent capabilities the other side held or how best to deter their use in war.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e--Nicholas Sims, \u003c\/b\u003e Emeritus Reader in International Relations, The London School of Economics and Political Science, UK\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eKing's thoroughly researched and ground-breaking account charts the development of nerve agent policy in the UK from 1945 to 1976. His work not only fills a significant gap in the history of chemical warfare, but will be invaluable for understanding UK Cold War defence policy more generally.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e--Brian Balmer, \u003c\/b\u003e Professor of Science Policy Studies, Department of Science \u0026amp; Technology Studies, University College London, UK\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis book reveals the nature and level of British engagement with controversial and lethal nerve agent weapons from the end of the Second World War to Britain's submission of a draft Chemical Weapons Convention. At the very heart of this highly secretive aspect of British defence policy were fundamental questions over whether Britain should acquire nerve agent weapons for potential first-use against the Soviet Union, retain them purely for their deterrence value, or drive for either unilateral or international chemical weapons disarmament. These considerations and concerns over nerve agent weapons were not limited to low-level defence committees, nor were they consigned to the periphery, but featured prominently at the highest levels of the British government and defence planning. Importantly, and despite stringent secrecy, the book further uncovers how public scrutiny and protest movements played a substantial and successful part in influencing policy and attitudes towards nerve agent weapons. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWilliam King \u003c\/b\u003eis a Research Fellow at the German Historical Institute London, UK. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ WELL_READ \/ SBYB","offer_id":49915846000913,"sku":"CIN0060417501A","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50059597185297,"sku":"CIN0060417501G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50918090998033,"sku":"CIN0060417501VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":51912389361937,"sku":"GOR005860025","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":51916840960273,"sku":"GOR004315285","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0060417501.jpg?v=1772185623"},{"product_id":"inside-bureaucracy-book-anthony-downs-9780673394323","title":"Inside Bureaucracy","description":null,"brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50356340228369,"sku":"CIN0673394328G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0673394328.jpg?v=1750977011"},{"product_id":"still-stuck-in-traffic-book-anthony-downs-9780815719298","title":"Still Stuck in Traffic","description":"Congested roads waste commuters' time, cost them money, and degrade the environment. Most Americans agree that traffic congestion is the major problem in their communities—and it only seems to be getting worse. In this revised and expanded edition of his landmark work Stuck in Traffic, Anthony Downs examines the benefits and costs of various anticongestion strategies. Drawing on a significant body of research by transportation experts and land-use planners, he counters environmentalists and road lobbyists alike by explaining why seemingly simple solutions, such as expanding public transit or expanding roads, have unintended consequences that cancel out their apparent advantages. He argues that while there might be some measurable gains from increasing housing densities, most other land-use strategies have little effect. Indeed, the most powerful solutions, including higher gasoline taxes, increased public funding for transit, and highway tolls, are also the least palatable politically. St ill Stuck in Traffic contains new material on the causes of congestion, its dynamics, and its relative incidence in various parts of the country. In clear and realistic terms, Downs seeks to explore why traffic congestion has become part of modern American life and how it can be kept under control.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ WELL_READ \/ SBYB","offer_id":50363371815185,"sku":"CIN0815719299A","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50368200933649,"sku":"CIN0815719299G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52143124283665,"sku":"NLS9780815719298","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":52390540476689,"sku":"CIN0815719299VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0815719299.jpg?v=1759401384"},{"product_id":"neighborhoods-and-urban-development-book-anthony-downs-9780815719199","title":"Neighborhoods and Urban Development","description":"American cities are shifting collections of individual neghborhoods. Thousands of residents move every year within and among neighborhoods; their flows across a city can radically and quickly alter the character of its neighborhoods. What is behind all this ferment—the decline of one area, the revitalization of another? Can the process be made more rational? Can city neighborhoods be stabilized--and older cities thus preserved? This book argues that such flows of residents are not random. Rather, they are closely linked to overall migration into or out of each metropolitan area and to the way U.S. cities develop. Downs contends that both urban development and the social problems it spawns are built upon social arrangements designed to benefit the middle-class majority. Racial segregation divides housing in each metropolitan area into two or more markets. Socioeconomic segregation subdivides neighborhoods within each market into a class hierarchy. The poor live mainly in the oldest neighborhoods, close to the urban center. The affluent live in the newest neighborhoods, mostly at the urban periphery. This separation stems not from pure market forces but from exclusionary laws that make the construction of low-cost housing illegal in most neighborhoods. The resulting pattern determines where housing is built and what housing is left to decay. Downs uses data from U.S. cities to illustrate neighborhood change and to reach conclusions about ways to cope with it. he explores the causes and nature of racial segregation and integration, and he evaluates neighborhood revitalization programs, which in reviving part of a city often displace many poor residents. He presents a timely analysis of the effect of higher energy costs upon urban sprawl, argues the wisdom of reviving older cities rather than helping their residents move elsewhere, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of public and private policies at the federal, state, metropolitan-area,","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50368187564305,"sku":"CIN0815719191G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52453252956433,"sku":"NLS9780815719199","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52495194161425,"sku":"NIN9780815719199","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0815719191.jpg?v=1750979102"},{"product_id":"stuck-in-traffic-book-anthony-downs-9780815719243","title":"Stuck in Traffic","description":null,"brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ WELL_READ \/ SBYB","offer_id":50368190808337,"sku":"CIN0815719248A","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0815719248.jpg?v=1751107877"},{"product_id":"new-visions-for-metropolitan-america-book-anthony-downs-9780815719267","title":"New Visions for Metropolitan America","description":null,"brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50368197787921,"sku":"CIN0815719264G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0815719264.jpg?v=1750883093"},{"product_id":"niagara-of-capital-book-anthony-downs-9780874209990","title":"Niagara of Capital","description":"An unprecedented flow of financial capital into the commercial and housing markets has revolutionized real estate both in the United States and globally. Learn how and why this happened and what the long-term effects will be. Topics include: sources of capital; the impacts on housing markets, affordable housing, and commercial property markets; changes that could affect the flow of capital; and a prediction for the future.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":50462900191505,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50462900846865,"sku":"CIN0874209994G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0874209994.jpg?v=1750819716"},{"product_id":"stuck-in-traffic-book-anthony-downs-9780815719236","title":"Stuck in Traffic","description":"Peak-hour traffic congestion has become a major problem in most U.S. cities. In fact, a majority of residents in metropolitan and suburban areas consider congestion their most serious local problem. As citizens have become increasingly frustrated by repeated traffic delays that cost them money and waste time, congestion has become an important factor affecting local government policies in many parts of the nation. In this new book, Anthony Downs looks at the causes of worsening traffic congestion, especially in suburban areas, and considers the possible remedies. He analyzes the specific advantages and disadvantages of every major strategy that has been proposed to reduce congestion. In nontechnical language, he focuses on two central issues: the relationships between land-use and traffic flow in rapidly growing areas, and whether local policies can effectively reduce congestion or if more regional approaches are necessary. In rapidly growing parts of the country, congestion is worse than it was five or ten years ago. But Downs notes that the problem has apparently not yet become bad enough to stimulate effective responses. Neither government officials nor citizens seem willing to consider changing the behavior and public policies that cause congestion. To alleviate the problem, both groups must be prepared to make these fundamental changes. Selected by Choice as an Outstanding Book of 1992 Co-published with the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":50763194302737,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50763196596497,"sku":"CIN081571923XG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51502877507857,"sku":"NIN9780815719236","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ WELL_READ \/ SBYB","offer_id":51772519219473,"sku":"CIN081571923XA","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52403276185873,"sku":"NLS9780815719236","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":52506628063505,"sku":"CIN081571923XVG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/081571923X.jpg?v=1751233935"},{"product_id":"growth-management-and-affordable-housing-book-anthony-downs-9780815719335","title":"Growth Management and Affordable Housing","description":"Advocates of growth management and smart growth often propose policies that raise housing prices, thereby making housing less affordable to many households trying to buy or rent homes. Such policies include urban growth boundaries, zoning restrictions on multi-family housing, utility district lines, building permit caps, and even construction moratoria. Does this mean there is an inherent conflict between growth management and smart growth on the one hand, and creating more affordable housing on the other? Or can growth management and smart growth promote policies that help increase the supply of affordable housing?     These issues are critical to the future of affordable housing because so many local communities are adopting various forms of growth management or smart growth in response to growth-related problems. Those problems include rising traffic congestion, the absorption of open space by new subdivisions, and higher taxes to pay for new infrastructures.     This book explores the relationship between growth management and smart growth and affordable housing in depth. It draws from material presented at a symposium on these subjects held at the Brookings Institution in May 2003, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, the National Association of Realtors, and the Fannie Mae Foundation. Contributors seek to inform the debate and provide some useful answers to help the nation accommodate the curtailment of growth in urban and suburban domains while still ensuring a supply of affordable housing.    Contributors include Karen Destorel Brown (Brookings), Robert Burchell, (Rutgers University), Daniel Carlson (University of Washington), David L. Crawford (Econsult Corporation), Anthony Downs (Brookings), Ingrid Gould Ellen (New York University), William Fischel (Dartmouth College), George C. Galster (Wayne State University), Jill Khadduri (Abt Associates), Gerrit J. 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So treffen die Wähler unter Ungewissheit über den Wahlvorgang und die zukünftige Regierungsbildung ihre Wahl nach dem mutmaßlichen Nutzen. Die Regierung versucht, mit Hilfe der Manipulation des Budgets ihre Wiederwahl zu erreichen. Ideologien der Parteien auf der einen Seite, Interessengruppen auf der anderen stellen den Wählern bzw. der Regierung Informationen zur rationalen Entscheidungsfindung zur Verfügung. Dabei wird deutlich, dass Mehrparteiensysteme und Verhältniswahlrecht jedes Wahl-Kalkül unlösbar werden lassen. Auf die weiteren Folgerungen für Demokratie-Forschung und -Verständnis geht Downs im letzten Teil seines Werkes ausführlich ein.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52595021283601,"sku":"NLS9783161461712","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783161461712.jpg?v=1761070387"}],"url":"https:\/\/www.worldofbooks.com\/collections\/author-books-by-anthony-downs.oembed","provider":"World of Books ","version":"1.0","type":"link"}