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But the idea of mutation has changed considerably from the pre-Mendelian concepts of Darwin's generation, who viewed \"fluctuating variations\" as the raw material on which evolution acted, to today's up-to-the-minute genomic context of mutation. Mutation: The History of an Idea from Darwin to Genomics explores six generations of mutation research, providing the background--the people and the ideas--for this biological journey.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e After exploring Darwin's and Francis Galton's concepts of mutation, Carlson shows how the 1900 rediscovery of Gregor Mendel's experiments let to a discontinuous model of evolution by mutation and how cytological investigations led to the chromosome theory of heredity of classical genetics in which there was random mutation in genes. Carlson details how Mendelian and biometric approaches to heredity and evolution were closely tied and how induction of mutations by radiation and chemical mutagens led to biochemical investigations of gene action, shifting attention to the chemistry of the gene. The interpretation of the gene as DNA and the deciphering of the genetic code then gave rise to molecular interpretations of mutation, views that also impacted evolutionary biology, population genetics, commercial development of plants and animals, and human genetics.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e This book shows how generational definitions or assessments of mutation have responded to the technologies added to science and the experiments that abounded with the inquiries of each successive generation. These observations are combined with an exploration of how the nonscientific public has shifted its understanding and concern about mutations over the past 150 or more years. Carlson's historical approach in this book--examining the evolution of a concept--reveals the way science works, incrementally by small steps of additions and replacements rather than by dramatic, and rare, paradigm shifts.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ LIKE_NEW \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49589669036305,"sku":"GOR013354663","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51140528668945,"sku":"NIN9781936113309","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52478917771537,"sku":"NLS9781936113309","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1936113309.jpg?v=1751413812"},{"product_id":"neither-gods-nor-beasts-book-elof-axel-carlson-9780879697860","title":"Neither Gods Nor Beasts","description":"Traditional views of human nature focus on the supernatural, defining us as creatures with souls, minds, and spirits that transcend our physical attributes. In this provocative book, distinguished scientist and historian Elof Axel Carlson argues for a different understanding of ourselves based on our biology-cellular organization, genetics, life cycle, evolution, and our origins as a species. This interpretation does not negate our capacity for imagination, spiritual and emotional yearnings, or aesthetic appreciation for art, music, and literature. Carlson challenges educators, the media, and public policy makers to integrate the evidence from science more fully into our understanding of ourselves.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50371993469201,"sku":"CIN0879697865VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51009033502993,"sku":"NIN9780879697860","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52480558399761,"sku":"NLS9780879697860","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0879697865.jpg?v=1750883428"},{"product_id":"7-sexes-book-elof-axel-carlson-9780253006455","title":"The 7 Sexes","description":"Few of us know much about the biology of sex determination, but what could be more interesting than to discover how we are shaped into males and females? In this book, Elof Carlson tells the incredible story of the difficult quest to understand how the body forms girls and boys. Carlson's history takes us from antiquity to the present day to detail how each component of human reproduction and sexuality was identified and studied, how this knowledge enlarged our understanding of sex determination, and how it was employed to interpret such little understood aspects of human biology as the origin of intersex births.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51000516739345,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51000520179985,"sku":"NIN9780253006455","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0253006457.jpg?v=1763480193"},{"product_id":"mendel-s-legacy-book-elof-axel-carlson-9780879696757","title":"Mendel's Legacy","description":"In this interdisciplinary historical work, the author asks how and why classical genetics developed in the United States from 1900 to 1920, rather than in Europe where cytology, breeding analysis, evolutionary theory, and organismal biology originated. The answer, he argues, is the invention of the American University Ph.D. program and the appearance of institutions devoted to the study of heredity, such as research centers and professional associations.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51009367834897,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51009370652945,"sku":"NIN9780879696757","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52532421689617,"sku":"NLS9780879696757","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0879696753.jpg?v=1751108593"},{"product_id":"how-scientific-progress-occurs-incrementalism-and-the-life-sciences-book-elof-axel-carlson-phd-9781621825258","title":"How Scientific Progress Occurs: Incrementalism and the Life Sciences","description":null,"brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51041117995281,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51041120878865,"sku":"NIN9781621825258","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52667911995665,"sku":"NLS9781621825258","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1621825256.jpg?v=1751024608"},{"product_id":"how-to-construct-your-intellectual-pedigree-a-history-of-mentoring-in-science-book-elof-axel-carlson-9789811215827","title":"How To Construct Your Intellectual Pedigree: A History Of Mentoring In Science","description":"This is a handbook that shows the reader how to construct an intellectual pedigree. 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