{"title":"H W F Saggs","description":"\u003cp\u003eDelve into the world of ancient civilisations with H.W.F. Saggs. His expert insights bring Mesopotamia and its people to life. Perfect for history enthusiasts and those seeking a deeper understanding of our past.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"civilization-before-greece-and-rome-book-h-w-f-saggs-9780713452778","title":"Civilization Before Greece and Rome","description":"This wide-ranging work examines the more notable achievements of the pre-classical peoples of the world. Drawing on archeological discoveries in Egypt, Mesopotamia, Crete, Syria, Anatolia, Iran and the Indus Valley, the author shows how much the infrastructure of late Greco-Roman and subsequent European civilizations owes to the peoples of the Near and Middle East. The text highlights the mastery of materials these people achieved, from the vast works of stone created by the Egyptians to the development of technology in bronze and iron and the introduction of useful plants. 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It was founded by the people of ancient Mesopotamia, who settled in the fertile crescent between the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers before the fourth millennium b.c. Some of the earliest experiments in agriculture and irrigation, the invention of writing, the birth of mathematics and the development of urban life all began there. Biblical associations are also numerous, from Nineveh to the Tower of Babel and the Flood. In\u0026gt;\u003ci\u003eBabylonians\u003c\/i\u003e, H. W. F. Saggs describes the ebb and flow in the successive fortunes of the Sumerians, Akkadians, Amorites, and Babylonians who flourished in this region. Using evidence from pottery, cuneiform tablets, cylinder seals, early architecture and metallurgy, he illuminates the myths, religion, languages, trade, politics, and warfare--as well as the legacy--of the Babylonians and their predecessors.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e During the twentieth century, collaboration by archaeologists from many nations has greatly increased the range of archaeological evidence, while work by linguists has gradually unlocked the secrets of the thousands of clay tablets recovered from the area. Today the historical record for some periods of ancient Mesopotamia is substantially better than for some centuries of Europe in the Christian era. Gaps and uncertainties remain, but\u0026gt;\u003ci\u003eBabylonians\u003c\/i\u003e conveys a rich and fascinating picture of the development of this remarkable civilization from before the beginning of the third millennium b.c.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":49558871605521,"sku":"CIN0520202228G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":51737824264465,"sku":"CIN0520202228VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52496233070865,"sku":"GOR002538254","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0520202228.jpg?v=1751197236"},{"product_id":"peoples-of-the-past-book-h-w-f-saggs-9780714120942","title":"Peoples of the Past","description":"The people of ancient Mesopotamia, who settled in the land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers before the fourth millennium BC, laid the foundations of Western civilisation. Some of the earliest experiments in agriculture and irrigation, the invention of writing, the birth of mathematics and the development of urban life all began there. Many of the most fundamental developments in human society first occurred in this area. Biblical associations are also numerous, from Nineveh to the Tower of Babel and the Flood. The author describes the ebb and flow in the successive fortunes of the Sumerians, Akkadians, Amorites and Babylonians. Using evidence from pottery, cuneiform tablets, cylinder seals, early architecture and metallurgy, he illuminates the myths, religion, languages, trade, politics and warfare, as well as the legacy, of the Babylonians and their predecessors.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49611803361553,"sku":"GOR004571908","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ LIKE_NEW \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":50898323276049,"sku":"GOR011293759","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0714120944.jpg?v=1751074112"},{"product_id":"civilization-before-greece-and-rome-book-h-w-f-saggs-9780300050318","title":"Civilization before Greece and Rome","description":"For many centuries it was accepted that civilization began with the Greeks and Romans. During the last two hundred years, however, archaeological discoveries in Egypt, Mesopotamia, Crete, Syria, Anatolia, Iran, and the Indus Valley have revealed that rich cultures existed in these regions some two thousand years before the Greco-Roman era. In this fascinating work, H.W.F Saggs presents a wide-ranging survey of the more notable achievements of these societies, showing how much the ancient peoples of the Near and Middle East have influenced the patterns of our daily lives. Saggs discusses the invention of writing, tracing it from the earliest pictograms (designed for account-keeping) to the Phoenician alphabet, the source of the Greek and all European alphabets. He investigates teh curricula, teaching methods, and values of the schools from which scribes graduated. Analyzing the provisions of some of the law codes, he illustrates the operation of international law and the international trade that it made possible. Saggs highlights the creative ways that these ancient peoples used their natural resources, describing the vast works in stone created by the Egyptians, the development of technology in bronze and iron, and the introduction of useful plants into regions outside their natural habitat.  In chapters on mathematics, astronomy, and medicine, he offers interesting explanations about how modern calculations of time derive from the ancient world, how the Egyptians practiced scientific surgery, and how the Babylonians used algebra. 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