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Sonenscher shows that thinking about the first has changed radically over time. Funding welfare has been added to funding warfare, bringing many new questions in its wake. Thinking about the second set of ideas has offered far less room for manoeuvre. The division of labour is still the division of labour and the debates and discussions that it once generated have now been largely forgotten. By exploring what lay behind the earlier distinction before it collapsed and was eroded by the passage of time, Sonenscher shows why the present range of received ideas limits our political options and the types of reform we might wish for.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49526763651345,"sku":"GOR013631604","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ LIKE_NEW \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49568485409041,"sku":"GOR013664201","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49742436663569,"sku":"NGR9780691237206","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":53247550914833,"sku":"CIN0691237204VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0691237204.jpg?v=1750881054"},{"product_id":"after-kant-book-michael-sonenscher-9780691245638","title":"After Kant","description":"Tracing the origins of modern political thought through three sets of arguments over history, morality, and freedom  In this wide-ranging work, Michael Sonenscher traces the origins of modern political thought and ideologies to a question, raised by Immanuel Kant, about what is involved in comparing individual human lives to the whole of human history. How can we compare them, or understand the results of the comparison? Kant’s question injected a new, future-oriented dimension into existing discussions of prevailing norms, challenging their orientation toward the past. This reversal made Kant’s question a bridge between three successive sets of arguments: between the supporters of the ancients and moderns, the classics and romantics, and the Romans and the Germans. Sonenscher argues that the genealogy of modern political ideologies—from liberalism to nationalism to communism—can be connected to the resulting discussions of time, history, and values, mainly in France but also in Germany, Switzerland, and Britain, in the period straddling the French and Industrial revolutions.  What is the genuinely human content of human history? Everything begins somewhere—democracy with the Greeks, or the idea of a res publica with the Romans—but these local arrangements have become vectors of values that are, apparently, universal. The intellectual upheaval that Sonenscher describes involved a struggle to close the gap, highlighted by Kant, between individual lives and human history. 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The division of labour is still the division of labour and the debates and discussions that it once generated have now been largely forgotten. By exploring what lay behind the earlier distinction before it collapsed and was eroded by the passage of time, Sonenscher shows why the present range of received ideas limits our political options and the types of reform we might wish for.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49869726253329,"sku":"NGR9780691238883","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51005711614225,"sku":"NIN9780691238883","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52091389706513,"sku":"GOR014485488","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":53043687260433,"sku":"CIN069123888XG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/069123888X.jpg?v=1751444957"},{"product_id":"before-the-deluge-book-michael-sonenscher-9780691143262","title":"Before the Deluge","description":"Ever since the French Revolution, Madame de Pompadour's comment, \"Apres moi, le deluge\" (after me, the deluge), has looked like a callous if accurate prophecy of the political cataclysms that began in 1789. But decades before the Bastille fell, French writers had used the phrase to describe a different kind of selfish recklessness--not toward the flood of revolution but, rather, toward the flood of public debt. In Before the Deluge, Michael Sonenscher examines these fears and the responses to them, and the result is nothing less than a new way of thinking about the intellectual origins of the French Revolution. In this nightmare vision of the future, many prerevolutionary observers predicted that the pressures generated by modern war finance would set off a chain of debt defaults that would either destroy established political orders or cause a sudden lurch into despotic rule. Nor was it clear that constitutional government could keep this possibility at bay. Constitutional government might make public credit more secure, but public credit might undermine constitutional government itself. Before the Deluge examines how this predicament gave rise to a widespread eighteenth-century interest in figuring out how to establish and maintain representative governments able to realize the promise of public credit while avoiding its peril. By doing so, the book throws new light on a neglected aspect of modern political thought and on the French Revolution.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50357570961681,"sku":"CIN0691143269G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51005642932497,"sku":"NIN9780691143262","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0691143269.jpg?v=1750944545"},{"product_id":"work-and-wages-book-michael-sonenscher-9780521329842","title":"Work and Wages","description":"First published in 1989, this paperback edition of Work and Wages comes with a new Preface, entitled 'Fashion's Empire', that positions the book's argument within the broader context of historical thinking about eighteenth-century France and the origins of the French revolution. It also comes with an updated set of bibliographical notes linking recent historical writing on industry before industrialisation to the picture of the eighteenth-century French trades presented in Work and Wages. Together, they add up to a fresh way in to one of the books that has changed the direction of historical thinking about artisans, small businesses and the political economy of eighteenth-century France.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50357581480209,"sku":"CIN0521329841G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0521329841.jpg?v=1751358966"},{"product_id":"sans-culottes-book-michael-sonenscher-9780691180809","title":"Sans-Culottes","description":"This is a bold new history of the sans-culottes and the part they played in the French Revolution. It tells for the first time the real story of the name now usually associated with urban violence and popular politics during the revolutionary period. By doing so, it also shows how the politics and economics of the revolution can be combined to form a genuinely historical narrative of its content and course. To explain how an early eighteenth-century salon society joke about breeches and urbanity was transformed into a republican emblem, Sans-Culottes examines contemporary debates about Ciceronian, Cynic, and Cartesian moral philosophy, as well as subjects ranging from music and the origins of government to property and the nature of the human soul. By piecing together this now forgotten story, Michael Sonenscher opens up new perspectives on the Enlightenment, eighteenth-century moral and political philosophy, the thought of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and the political history of the French Revolution itself.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51005710172433,"sku":"NIN9780691180809","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0691180806.jpg?v=1772275678"},{"product_id":"work-and-wages-book-michael-sonenscher-9781107404144","title":"Work and Wages","description":"First published in 1989, this paperback edition of Work and Wages comes with a new Preface, entitled 'Fashion's Empire', that positions the book's argument within the broader context of historical thinking about eighteenth-century France and the origins of the French revolution. 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Concisely synthesizing a broad range of established scholarship, Sonenscher utilises new and fresh information to explore why using ideas as evidence adds a dimension of novelty, possibility, expectation and choice to the social, cultural and political history of the French Revolution.This is history about what was expected, but did not happen, and what was unexpected, but really did.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":53163022450961,"sku":"NGR9781009463904","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":53651857342737,"sku":"NLS9781009463904","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":53676576538897,"sku":"NIN9781009463904","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"french-revolution-book-michael-sonenscher-9781009463935","title":"The French Revolution","description":"Three questions have usually been asked about the French Revolution: why did it happen? why was it so violent? and what was its legacy?  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