{"title":"Chinese Linguistics","description":"\u003cp\u003eDelve into the fascinating world of Chinese Linguistics. Explore the nuances of Mandarin and other Chinese languages, from phonology to grammar. Perfect for students and language enthusiasts alike.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"modern-chinese-parts-of-speech-book-guo-rui-9780367661076","title":"Modern Chinese Parts of Speech","description":"What is the essence of a part of speech? Why is it difficult to classify parts of speech? What are the bases and criteria for classifying them? How should they be classified? In doing so, how should a conversional word be dealt with? How should nomonalization be treated? These are just some of the questions answered in this book.     The classification of parts of speech in Chinese is a tough job due to the language's lack of morphological differences. Based on the analysis of nearly 40,000 Chinese characters, this book proposes that, essentially, a part of speech is not of distributional type and that its intrinsic basis is an expressional function and the semantic type. Essentially, large categories such as substantive words, predicate words and modification words are classes of words classified according to their expressional functions. Basic categories such as nouns, verbs and adjectives are classes that combine semantic types with syntactical functions. In classifying parts of speech, the book pays attention not to identifying a single distributive characteristic that is internally universal and externally exclusive but to clustering the grammatical functions that have the same classification value through the “reflection-representation” relationship among distribution, expressional function and semantic type (distribution reflects expressional function and semantic type, which are, in turn, represented as distribution), thereby identifying the classification criteria. It uses distributional compatibility and the correlation principle to analyze which distributional differences represent differences in parts of speech and which do not. In this way, grammatical functions that have equal classification values are collected into one equivalent function cluster, each of which represents one part of speech. The book uses four strategies to classify parts of speech, namely the homogeneity strategy, the homomorphical strategy, the priority homomorphical strategy and the consolidation strategy. It will be a valuable reference for Chinese linguistic researchers and students as well as Chinese learners.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49587623756049,"sku":"GOR012286059","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0367661071.jpg?v=1750844981"},{"product_id":"research-on-functional-grammar-of-chinese-ii-book-bojiang-zhang-9781032236988","title":"Research on Functional Grammar of Chinese II","description":"The functional perspective on Chinese syntax has yielded various new achievements since its introduction to Chinese linguistics in the 1980s.  This two-volume book is one of the earliest and most influential works to study the Chinese language using functional grammar. With local Beijing vernacular (Pekingese) as a basis, the information structure and focus structure of the Chinese language are systematically examined. By using written works and recordings from Beijingers, the authors discuss topics such as the relationship between word order and focus, and the distinction between normal focus and contrastive focus.  In addition, the authors also subject the reference and grammatical categories of the Chinese language to a functional scrutiny while discussion of word classes and their functions creatively combines modern linguistic theories and traditional Chinese linguistic theories. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of Chinese linguistics and linguistics in general.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":50698101719313,"sku":"NGR9781032236988","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51181956628753,"sku":"NIN9781032236988","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52405036417297,"sku":"NLS9781032236988","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1032236981.jpg?v=1750790839"},{"product_id":"research-on-functional-grammar-of-chinese-i-book-bojiang-zhang-9781032236971","title":"Research on Functional Grammar of Chinese I","description":"The functional perspective on Chinese syntax has yielded various new achievements since its introduction to Chinese linguistics in the 1980s.  This two-volume book is one of the earliest and most influential works to study the Chinese language using functional grammar. With local Beijing vernacular (Pekingese) as a basis, the information structure and focus structure of the Chinese language are systematically examined. By using written works and recordings from Beijingers, the authors discuss topics such as the relationship between word order and focus, and the distinction between normal focus and contrastive focus.  In addition, the authors also subject the reference and grammatical categories of the Chinese language to a functional scrutiny while discussion of word classes and their functions creatively combines modern linguistic theories and traditional Chinese linguistic theories. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of Chinese linguistics and linguistics in general.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":50698180100369,"sku":"NGR9781032236971","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51182017380625,"sku":"NIN9781032236971","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52404380074257,"sku":"NLS9781032236971","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1032236973.jpg?v=1750951101"},{"product_id":"jin-chinese-grammar-ii-book-xing-xiangdong-9781032357508","title":"Jin Chinese Grammar II","description":"This book is the second volume of a two-volume set that synchronically and diachronically studies the Jin dialect of Northern Shaanxi Province in China, with a focus on six grammatical features of the dialect. The Jin dialect of Northern Shaanxi is one of the most ancient, complicated, and representative dialects of the Yellow River region and figures prominently in our understanding of the Jin dialect and northern Chinese dialects as a whole. The book looks into the following six aspects of the dialect: subjunctive mood, expressions of complex sentence relationships, embedded sentence patterns, complex interrogative sentences, the formation of imperative modal particle “zhe”, and the phonetic variation of grammatical constituents. In the final chapter, the author discusses the significance of diachronic comparison as the research method for studying Chinese dialectal grammar. The book will be a useful reference for scholars and students interested in Jin dialects, Chinese dialects, and Chinese linguistics.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":50698389389585,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":50698391159057,"sku":"NGR9781032357508","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1032357509.jpg?v=1750791002"},{"product_id":"modern-chinese-complex-sentences-iv-book-xing-fuyi-9781032465128","title":"Modern Chinese Complex Sentences IV","description":"This book is the final volume of a four-volume set on modern Chinese complex sentences, assessing the key attributes, related sentence structures, and semantic and pragmatic relevance of complex sentences.  Complex sentences in modern Chinese are unique in formation and meaning. Following on from analysis on coordinate, causal and adversative types of complex sentences, the ten chapters in this volume review the characteristics of complex sentences as a whole. The author discusses the constituents, related structures, semantic and pragmatic aspects of complex sentences, covering topics such as the constraints and counter-constraints between sentence forms and semantic relationships, six type-crossover markers, distinctions between simple sentences and complex sentences, clauses formed by a noun\/nominal phrase followed by le, the shǐ-structure, subject ellipsis or tacit understanding of clauses, as well as double-subject sentences, alternative question groups and their relationships with complex sentences.  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Chinese language history is generally split into three phases: (1) Old Chinese, the form of the Chinese language spoken between the 18th century BCE and the 3rd century CE, (2) Middle Chinese, between the 4th century CE to around the 12th century CE, and (3) Modern Chinese, since the 13th century. This volume studies the phonetical systems of Modern Chinese, including the initials system, vowel final system, nasal final system, entering final system, and tonal system. The author discusses the distinct change of these systems from the period of Middle Chinese to that of Modern Chinese and studies the formation of the standard pronunciation of the common language of the modern Han nation.  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This volume first introduces the influence of foreign cultures on the modern Chinese lexicon with an emphasis on loanwords from Japanese and Indo-European languages. It then discusses the synonyms, idioms, and proverbs of Modern Chinese, elucidating their evolution, sources, and composition. The final part centers on the development of the Chinese lexicon after the May Fourth Movement in 1919, marking the beginning of the contemporary phase of the Chinese language. The author analyzes trends and types of neologisms and loanwords and analyzes the blend of Mandarin and dialect words and the necessity of lexical standardization.  Illustrated with abundant examples, this comprehensive groundwork on Chinese lexical history will be a must-read for scholars and students studying Modern Chinese language, linguistics, and especially for beginning learners of modern and contemporary Chinese lexicon.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51017502851345,"sku":"NIN9781032430669","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":51215785361681,"sku":"NGR9781032430669","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52595929710865,"sku":"NLS9781032430669","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1032430664.jpg?v=1751080839"},{"product_id":"brief-history-of-the-chinese-language-v-book-xi-xiang-9781032430676","title":"A Brief History of the Chinese Language V","description":"As the fifth volume of a multi-volume set on the Chinese language, this book studies the development of monosyllables and polysyllables in Middle Chinese and the overall evolution of lexical meanings during the period.  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Illustrated with abundant examples, this comprehensive groundwork on Chinese lexical history will be a must-read for scholars and students studying ancient Chinese language and linguistics and especially for beginning learners of the Middle Chinese lexicon.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51017701818641,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51017703620881,"sku":"NIN9781032430676","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52594469699857,"sku":"NLS9781032430676","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1032430672.jpg?v=1751205637"},{"product_id":"brief-history-of-the-chinese-language-ii-book-xi-xiang-9781032381114","title":"A Brief History of the Chinese Language II","description":"As the second volume of a multivolume set on Chinese phonetics, this book examines the phonetical systems of Middle Chinese and phonetical changes from Old Chinese to Middle Chinese. 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This comprehensive groundwork on Chinese phonetical history will be a must read for scholars and students studying Chinese language, linguistics and, especially, for beginning learners of Middle Chinese phonetics.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51017750315281,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51017752445201,"sku":"NIN9781032381114","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52595629228305,"sku":"NLS9781032381114","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1032381116.jpg?v=1750983822"},{"product_id":"modern-chinese-complex-sentences-ii-book-xing-fuyi-9781032423036","title":"Modern Chinese Complex Sentences II","description":"This book is the second volume of a four-volume set on modern Chinese complex sentences, with a focus on coordinate complex sentences and their relevant forms.  Complex sentences in modern Chinese are unique in formation and meaning. The author proposes a tripartite classification of Chinese complex sentences according to the semantic relationships between the clauses, that is, coordinate, causal, and adversative. This volume analyzes the coordinated type in the broad sense and the relevant forms, including the representative form in which the clauses are juxtaposed with each other, paired and single occurrences of the connective yībiān, and various forms of successive, progressive, and alternative complex sentences, as well as the compound forms.  The book will be a useful reference for scholars and learners interested in Chinese grammar and language information processing.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51017757524241,"sku":"NIN9781032423036","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52594291736849,"sku":"NLS9781032423036","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/103242303X.jpg?v=1751367216"},{"product_id":"modern-chinese-complex-sentences-iii-book-xing-fuyi-9781032448534","title":"Modern Chinese Complex Sentences III","description":"This book is the third volume of a four-volume set on modern Chinese complex sentences, with a focus on adversative complex sentences and relevant forms.  Complex sentences in modern Chinese are unique in formation and meaning. The author proposes a tripartite classification of Chinese complex sentences according to the semantic relationships between the clauses, i.e., coordinate, causal, and adversative. This volume analyzes representative forms of adversative type, including the prototype, the clauses linked by connectives referring to \"otherwise\", the combinations of clause structures and certain adversative conjunctions or linking adverbs indicating an adversative relationship, the adversative factors and relationship in two typical progressive sentences, factive sentences, and concessive forms. It also discusses the adversative type in the broad sense, classifying the different forms and analyzing the semantic meaning, pragmatic value, and implications for research and language teaching.  The book will be a useful reference for scholars and learners in Chinese grammar and language information processing.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51017757262097,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51017759326481,"sku":"NIN9781032448534","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52586102227217,"sku":"NLS9781032448534","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1032448539.jpg?v=1751400045"},{"product_id":"brief-history-of-the-chinese-language-vi-book-xi-xiang-9781032430683","title":"A Brief History of the Chinese Language VI","description":"As the sixth volume of a multivolume set on the Chinese language, this book studies the influence of foreign culture on Middle Chinese lexicon and the development of synonyms, idioms, and proverbs during the period.  Focusing on lexicons in Middle Chinese, the middle form of the Chinese language used between the 4th century CE and the 12th century CE, this book first analyzes loanwords in Middle Chinese, a product of cultural exchange with western regions on the Silk Road and the impact of Buddhism. It then discusses the differences in meaning between monosyllables and polysyllables. The final chapter describes enriching idioms and proverbs and the major sources of words, including classical works, Buddhist texts, and the spoken language.  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Focusing on lexicons in Old Chinese, the early form of the Chinese language used between the 18th century BCE and the 3rd century CE, this volume first introduces the methods of word formation in Old Chinese by analyzing words inscribed in oracle bones of the Shang Dynasty. Illustrated with examples, it then examines the lexical features of Old Chinese and explores the progress and evolutionary features of monosyllabic words, polysyllabic words, lexical meanings, synonyms, and idioms and proverbs over the course of the volume.  This comprehensive groundwork on Chinese lexical history is a must-read for scholars and students studying ancient Chinese language, linguistics, and especially for beginning learners of the Old Chinese lexicon.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51017847832849,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51017850355985,"sku":"NIN9781032430652","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52589855310097,"sku":"NLS9781032430652","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1032430656.jpg?v=1750854441"},{"product_id":"brief-history-of-the-chinese-language-vii-book-xi-xiang-9781032430690","title":"A Brief History of the Chinese Language VII","description":"As the seventh volume of a multi-volume set on the Chinese language, this book studies the Mongolian influence on neologisms in Modern Chinese and innovations in word formation and lexical meanings during the period. 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Complex sentences in modern Chinese are unique in information and meaning. The author proposes a tripartite classification of Chinese complex sentences according to the semantic relationships between the clauses, that is, coordinated, causal, and adversative. The first part of this volume defines Chinese complex sentences, introduces the properties, scope, and functions of complex sentence relationship markers, and makes detailed comparisons between the tripartite and dichotomous systems for the classification of complex sentences. The second part thoroughly investigates causal complex sentences in their eight typical forms.  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Focusing on lexicons in Old Chinese, the early form of the Chinese language used between the 18th century BCE and the 3rd century CE, this volume first introduces the methods of word formation in Old Chinese by analyzing words inscribed in oracle bones of the Shang Dynasty. Illustrated with examples, it then examines the lexical features of Old Chinese and explores the progress and evolutionary features of monosyllabic words, polysyllabic words, lexical meanings, synonyms, and idioms and proverbs over the course of the volume.  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Focusing on lexicons in Modern Chinese, the Chinese language used since the 13th century CE, this book first introduces new monosyllables and the entry of spoken idioms and dialects into the written language as well as the mingling of the Chinese language with the Mongolian and Manchu languages. It then focuses on the development and features of polysyllabic words in Modern Chinese, covering alliterative and rhyming compounds and trisyllabic and four-syllable words. The final chapter discusses the change of lexical meaning systems in Modern Chinese based on an analysis of monosyllables, disyllables and polysyllables. 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This volume first introduces the influence of foreign cultures on the modern Chinese lexicon with an emphasis on loanwords from Japanese and Indo-European languages. It then discusses the synonyms, idioms, and proverbs of Modern Chinese, elucidating their evolution, sources, and composition. The final part centers on the development of the Chinese lexicon after the May Fourth Movement in 1919, marking the beginning of the contemporary phase of the Chinese language. The author analyzes trends and types of neologisms and loanwords and analyzes the blend of Mandarin and dialect words and the necessity of lexical standardization.  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In an attempt to break free from the shackles of Western linguistic paradigms, which are largely based on Indo-European languages and to a great extent inappropriate for Chinese, the two-volume set unravels the different relationships between nouns and verbs in Chinese, English, and other languages. This volume begins by looking at the problematic issues surrounding complements and adverbials in Chinese in order to explain the multifunctional nature of Chinese word classes. It then makes extensive use of evidence from other languages to explore the typology and evolution of word classes, as well as the cultural roots underlying the distinction between indicative and non-indicative negation in Chinese. In addition, it elucidates the significance and functions of monosyllabic and disyllabic combinations and the phenomenon of markedness reversal, shedding light on the subjectivity of the Chinese word class system.  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