{"title":"European Studies Of Population","description":"\u003cp\u003eDelve into the demographic shifts and societal trends shaping Europe with this essential series. Perfect for researchers and students alike, explore in-depth analyses of population dynamics and their far-reaching impacts.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"population-forecasting-1895-1945-book-ha-de-gans-9780792355373","title":"Population Forecasting 1895-1945","description":"Authors, scholars and scientists whose mother tongue is not one of the major languages of international communication are seriously disadvantaged. Some individuals, such as Joseph Conrad or Vladimir Nabokov, have overcome that handicap brilliantly. Others learn to live with it: they can express themselves sufficiently lucidly in a second language to make their voice heard internation- ally. At least when they have something original or striking to say they will be certain to reach their peers. 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Do cohabitation breakups influence divorce trends or is there a renewed stability on the partner market?In terms of divorce risks, the book contains new insights on Eastern European countries. These post socialist countries have evolved dramatically since the fall of the Wall and at present they show the highest divorce figures in Europe. Also the influence of gender, and more specifically women’s education as a risk in divorce is examined cross nationally. The book also provides explanations for the negative gradient in female education effects on divorce.  It devotes three separate parts to new insights in the post-divorce effects of the life course event by among others looking at consequences for adults and children but also taking the larger family network into account. 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Such are the unavoidable challenges facing European and other economically advanced countries.   The present study applies the cohort analysis approach to detailed data covering over half of the 20th century for populations of 35 countries. In distinction to most previous studies, that approach is put to use not only for elucidating past trends, but also to capture salient aspects of contemporary fertility patterns. 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In this context techniques from mathematical statistics and  econometrics can provide useful descriptions of past mortality. The  naive forecast obtained by extrapolating a fitted model may give as  good a forecast as any but forecasting by extrapolation requires  careful justification since it assumes the prolongation of historical  conditions. On the other hand, whilst it is generally accepted that  scientific and other advances will continue to impact on mortality,  perhaps dramatically so, it is impossible to quantify more than the  outline of future consequences with a strong degree of confidence. The  decision to modify an extrapolation of a model fitted to historical  data (or conversely choosing not to modify it) in order to obtain a  forecast is therefore strongly influenced by subjective and judgmental  elements, with the quality of the latter dependent on demographic,  epidemiological and indeed perhaps more general considerations. 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This has been - plained by means of the category of delay: the backwardness of the pr- esses of accumulation and economic development being seen as the cause of the maintaining of the reproductive models of the past. Moreover, the inf- ence of the Catholic Church in Italy, Spain and Portugal is supposed to have delayed the processes of secularisation, rendering difficult the changes in mentality necessary for assuming modern patterns of reproductive behaviour not only for fertility, but also for the variables which are strictly linked to it, such as sexuality, contraception and abortion (Livi Bacci, 1977; Lesthaeghe and Wilson, 1986). 1. 1. The trends of very low fertility Now the panorama is very different. Since the mid-seventies, southern Europe has been washed by the tide of a lowest-low fertility (i. e. , TFR under 1. 5 for several a prolonged period, Billari et al. , 2003), which in some areas 1 has reached and maintained scarcely imaginable levels for years on end. 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This book demonstrates that in most modern societies the educa- tional system has become an increasingly important marriage market, particularly for those who are highly qualified. Educational expansion in general and the rising educational participation of women in particular unintentionally have increased the rate of assortative meeting and assortative mating across birth cohorts. Rising educational homogamy means that social inequality is further enhanced through marriage because better (and worse) educated single men and women pool their economic and sociocultural advantages (and disadvantages) within couples. In this book we study the changing role of the educational system as a marriage market in modern societies from a cross-national comparative perspective. Using life-history data from a broad range of industrialized countries and longitudinal statistical models, we analyze the process of spouse selection in the life courses of single men and women, step by step. 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Box 11650, 2502 AR The Hague, The Netherlands CBGS, Markiesstraat 1, 1000 Brussels, Belgium This volume is the tenth edition in the series Population and Family in the Low Countries. It is published by the Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demo- graphic Institute (NIDI, The Hague) together with the Flemish Population and Family Study Centre (CBGS, Brussels), with the purpose to inform an international audience on results of demographic research in Belgium and the Netherlands. The series started in 1976. From 1991 on, it is published annually. The current edition includes seven articles reflecting a selection of current research issues in the Low Countries. With permission of the Dutch and Belgian Governments the national reports submitted to the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (Cai'ro) are also included in this volume. 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With a view of considering these problems and elaborating policy  guidelines, the United Nations staged its International Conference on  Population and Development (ICPD) in Cairo, Egypt, September  5-13, 1994.    This monograph deals with the background to the ICPD, its preparation,  proceedings, and contents. It also evaluates its results and  recommendations by comparing the ICPD Action Programme with the  current scientific literature.    The ICPD dealt with the key issues concerning the interrelations  between population, development and environment, and their causes, and  was not limited to marginal issues such as abortion, promiscuity and  homosexuality as was the impression given in the media as a result of  the way these questions were distorted by the action of religious  fundamentalists. The ICPD Action Programme forms an impressive charter  with a broad range of relevant policy recommendations. 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It provides a specific regional in-depth study in order to help establish suitable adaptation and development programs. It covers various aspects including demographic analysis, onsite participatory strategies and implementation processes, as well as generalized adaptation strategies. Reports on pilot actions in various regions across the Alps demonstrate how demographic change can be approached from a practitioner's perspective. 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Coverage includes estimating life expectancy in small areas, with an application to recent changes in US counties; socioeconomic determinants of mortality in Europe using the latest available data and short-term forecasts; predicting mortality from profiles of biological risk and performance measures of functioning; infant mortality measurement and rate of progress on international commitment using evidence from Argentina; avoidable factors contributing to maternal deaths in Turkey; changes in mortality at older ages: the case of Spain (1975- 2006); variable scales of avoidable mortality within the Russian population; long-term mortality decline in East Asia, and much more. 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