{"title":"Language Testing And Evaluation","description":"\u003cp\u003eExplore the field of language assessment with this collection. Discover key research and practical guidance for educators and researchers interested in testing and evaluation methodologies in language learning.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"diagnostic-writing-assessment-book-ute-knoch-9783631589816","title":"Diagnostic Writing Assessment","description":"The diagnostic assessment of writing is an important aspect of language testing which has often been neclected in the literature. However, it is an area which poses special challenges to practioners both in the classroom and in large-scale testing situations. This book presents a study which set out to develop and validate a rating scale specifically designed for the diagnostic assessment of writing in an academic English setting. The scale was developed by analysing a large number of writing performances produced by both native speakers of English and learners of English as an additional language. The rating scale was then validated using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study showed that a detailed data-based rating scale is more valid and more useful for diagnostic purposes than the more commonly used impressionistic rating scale.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49738389717265,"sku":"NGR9783631589816","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52688610590993,"sku":"NLS9783631589816","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3631589816.jpg?v=1751064144"},{"product_id":"complexity-of-test-washback-book-dina-tsagari-9783631585061","title":"The Complexity of Test Washback","description":"It has long been noted that high-stakes language exams exert a powerful influence on teaching and learning, a phenomenon known as the washback effect (Alderson and Wall, 1993). However, due to the complex nature of the phenomenon, little research has been conducted in the field so far. This book, which is based on empirical research into the washback effect of First Certificate in English (FCE, Cambridge ESOL), discusses and elaborates on the complexity of the phenomenon and accounts for the intervening factors that mediate the process of test washback. The book concludes with the presentation of a model that demonstrates how the mechanism of washback operates and with recommendations to a variety of stakeholders for achieving beneficial washback.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51307012653329,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51307014357265,"sku":"NIN9783631585061","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52677751701777,"sku":"NLS9783631585061","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3631585063.jpg?v=1751190104"},{"product_id":"tasks-and-criteria-in-performance-assessment-book-annie-brown-9783631584163","title":"Tasks and Criteria in Performance Assessment","description":"This volume includes selected papers from the 28th Language Testing Research Colloquium, held at the University of Melbourne (Australia) in July 2006. The papers selected for this volume share a common theme – that of ‘performance’. Not only do they focus on performance assessments of second or foreign language speaking and writing, but they also focus on the performance of the participants – the candidate (or candidates) and the raters – and the construction of that performance through the tasks and the assessment criteria.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51307049320721,"sku":"NIN9783631584163","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3631584164.jpg?v=1750870709"},{"product_id":"new-approaches-to-assessing-language-and-inter-cultural-competences-in-higher-ed-book-fred-dervin-9783631589465","title":"New Approaches to Assessing Language and (Inter-)Cultural Competences in Higher Education \/ Nouvelles approches de l’évaluation des compétences langagières et (inter-)culturelles dans l’enseignement supérieur","description":"Provides an overview of language and (inter-)cultural assessment practices in European higher education and beyond (Australia, China and Japan). This title addresses the following questions: What sort of assessment is taking place? What purposes does it serve?","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51307083170065,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51307085168913,"sku":"NIN9783631589465","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52676173332753,"sku":"NLS9783631589465","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3631589468.jpg?v=1750838213"},{"product_id":"assessment-issues-in-language-translation-and-interpreting-book-dina-tsagari-9783631636039","title":"Assessment Issues in Language Translation and Interpreting","description":"The need for reliable and valid assessments of translator and interpreter skills has been widely acknowledged inside and outside these professions and the (language) testing community. Despite this agreement, the actual assessments which serve as gatekeepers for professional translators and interpreters do not always live up to the expectations. The focus of the volume is on the assessment of translator and interpreter skills leading to authorization, accreditation, registration and certification in different countries of the world. Apart from the description of the different assessment systems, the chapters shed light on the intricate social, political and financial issues influencing the choices that lead to a specific kind of assessment.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":52085197996305,"sku":"NGR9783631636039","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52139357077777,"sku":"NLS9783631636039","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631636039.jpg?v=1756815335"},{"product_id":"classroom-based-language-assessment-book-dina-tsagari-9783631606438","title":"Classroom-Based Language Assessment","description":"Classroom-Based Language Assessment","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":52085202321681,"sku":"NGR9783631606438","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52453389173009,"sku":"NLS9783631606438","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631606438.jpg?v=1756815356"},{"product_id":"introduction-to-many-facet-rasch-measurement-book-thomas-eckes-9783631656150","title":"Introduction to Many-Facet Rasch Measurement","description":"Since the early days of performance assessment, human ratings have been subject to various forms of error and bias. Expert raters often come up with different ratings for the very same performance and it seems that assessment outcomes largely depend upon which raters happen to assign the rating. This book provides an introduction to many-facet Rasch measurement (MFRM), a psychometric approach that establishes a coherent framework for drawing reliable, valid, and fair inferences from rater-mediated assessments, thus answering the problem of fallible human ratings. Revised and updated throughout, the Second Edition includes a stronger focus on the Facets computer program, emphasizing the pivotal role that MFRM plays for validating the interpretations and uses of assessment outcomes.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52125952770321,"sku":"NLS9783631656150","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631656150.jpg?v=1757470194"},{"product_id":"social-perspectives-on-language-testing-book-carsten-roever-9783631780091","title":"Social perspectives on language testing","description":"This Festschrift for Tim McNamara brings together papers on the social impact of language tests, such as fairness and justice of test use, testing of interaction, and teachers' and students' views of language tests. It also discusses the future of language testing with regard to validity, the rise of social media, and lingua franca language use.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52138891411729,"sku":"NLS9783631780091","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631780091.jpg?v=1757565593"},{"product_id":"towards-identifying-the-c-test-construct-book-gunther-sigott-9783631520628","title":"Towards Identifying the C-Test Construct","description":"What do C-Tests really measure? This book describes the history and the theoretical background of C-Tests and gives a survey of research into C-Test validity, which leads to the central question: How much context do test takers need to process when they take a C-Test? The author answers this question on the basis of extensive material and data from over 800 subjects. It turns out that the C-Test construct is fluid: Test takers have to take extended context into account, but not everybody to the same extent. The book discusses the implications of the fluid construct phenomenon for language testing practice and research.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52139048960273,"sku":"NLS9783631520628","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631520628.jpg?v=1757566687"},{"product_id":"developing-c-tests-for-estimating-proficiency-in-foreign-language-research-book-john-norris-9783631742068","title":"Developing C-tests for estimating proficiency in foreign language research","description":"This book explores the development of C-tests for providing efficient measures of foreign language proficiency in eight different languages: Arabic, Bangla, Japanese, Korean, Turkish, French, Portuguese, and Spanish. Researchers report on how C-test principles were applied in creating the new language tests, with careful attention to language-specific challenges and solutions. The final, five-text C-tests in all languages demonstrated impressive psychometric qualities as well as strong relationships with criterion variables such as learner self-assessments and instructional levels. These test development projects provide new tests for use by foreign language researchers, and they demonstrate innovative and rigorous test development practices in diverse languages.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52139054629137,"sku":"NLS9783631742068","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631742068.jpg?v=1757566722"},{"product_id":"testen-bildungssprachlicher-kompetenzen-und-akademischer-sprachkompetenzen-book-mirka-mainzermurrenhoff-9783631818374","title":"Testen bildungssprachlicher Kompetenzen und akademischer Sprachkompetenzen","description":"Die Erfassung bildungssprachlicher Kompetenzen und akademischer Sprachkompetenzen in der Fremd- oder Zweitsprache gewinnt in schulischen und universitären Kontexten zunehmend an Bedeutung. Dabei stehen die jeweiligen Akteure vor ähnlichen Fragestellungen und Herausforderungen: Was versteht man unter bildungssprachlicher Kompetenz und welche Aspekte davon sollen getestet werden? Welche Möglichkeiten der Operationalisierung gibt es? Welche Instrumente und Aufgabenformate eignen sich, um erforderliche Sprachkompetenzen abzubilden?\u003cbr\u003e Der vorliegende Sammelband vereint elf Ansätze von deutschen und österreichischen WissenschaftlerInnen für unterschiedliche Bildungskontexte und Sprachen, wie z.B. English for Academic Purposes, Deutsch als Fremd- und Zweitsprache, CLIL, Russisch und Polnisch als Herkunftssprache. Die Beiträge präsentieren aktuelle Zugänge in Hinblick auf das Testen von Bildungssprache und akademischen Sprachkompetenzen und systematisieren bisherige Überlegungen aus den einzelnen Disziplinen.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52332126961937,"sku":"NLS9783631818374","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631818374.jpg?v=1758150621"},{"product_id":"validating-language-proficiency-assessments-in-second-language-acquisition-resea-book-anastasia-drackert-9783631667217","title":"Validating Language Proficiency Assessments in Second Language Acquisition Research","description":"The book introduces the reader to an argument-based approach to validity as a way to improve test validation in Second Language Acquisition (SLA) research. Motivated by the need for practical suggestions for raising proficiency assessment standards in SLA research, it exemplifies the approach by validating two distinct score interpretations for a new Russian Elicited Imitation Test (EIT). Two empirical investigations with 164 Russian learners in the USA and Germany were conducted to evaluate the accuracy of the score interpretations associated with two distinct test uses. The EIT proved to constitute a reliable and valid instrument for differentiating between a wide range of oracy skills. The proposed cut scores enabled prediction of several levels of speaking and listening proficiency. The author concludes with implications for using the argument-based approach for validating assessments in SLA research, for the use of the developed Russian EIT, and for future research on Elicited Imitation Tests in general.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52334437204241,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52334437826833,"sku":"NLS9783631667217","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631667217.jpg?v=1758156879"},{"product_id":"validating-analytic-rating-scales-book-armin-berger-9783631666913","title":"Validating Analytic Rating Scales","description":"This book presents a unique inter-university scale development project, with a focus on the validation of two new rating scales for the assessment of academic presentations and interactions. The use of rating scales for performance assessment has increased considerably in educational contexts, but the empirical research to investigate the effectiveness of such scales is scarce. The author reports on a multi-method study designed to scale the level descriptors on the basis of expert judgments and performance data. The salient characteristics of the scale levels offer a specification of academic speaking, adding concrete details to the reference levels of the Common European Framework. The findings suggest that validation procedures should be mapped onto theoretical models of performance assessment.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52334725857553,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52334726512913,"sku":"NLS9783631666913","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631666913.jpg?v=1758157785"},{"product_id":"modelling-performance-in-tests-of-spoken-language-book-barry-o-sullivan-9783631560983","title":"Modelling Performance in Tests of Spoken Language","description":"When we use a language we are always aware of our audience. This awareness is reflected, for example, in changes to the way we speak to the same person in different contexts or to different people in the same context. This book explores the way in which test takers' language can change in test events depending on either real or perceived similarities or differences between themselves and their interlocutors. The series of five studies reported are designed to explore aspects of test-taker performance on tests of speaking, and in doing so provide evidence in support of a proposed model of speaking test performance. Though the studies focus primarily on the effect on test-taker performance of characteristics associated with their interlocutor, they also provide empirical evidence of interactions between the factors. There are clear implications from the findings for all of those people involved in language testing and in researching spoken language.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52432365125905,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52432366371089,"sku":"NLS9783631560983","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631560983.jpg?v=1759174854"},{"product_id":"testing-esl-pragmatics-book-carsten-rover-9783631528365","title":"Testing ESL Pragmatics","description":"Although second language learners' pragmatic competence (their ability to use language in context) is an essential part of their general communicative competence, it has not been a part of second language tests. This book helps fill this gap by describing the development and validation of a web-based test of ESL pragmalinguistics. The instrument assesses learners' knowledge of routine formulae, speech acts, and implicature in 36 multiple-choice and brief-response items. The test's quantitative and qualitative validation with 300 learners showed high reliability and provided strong evidence of the instrument's construct validity. Its web-based format makes it easy to administer and score. The book ends with a discussion of future research directions in assessing second language pragmatics.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52434130141457,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52434130960657,"sku":"NLS9783631528365","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631528365.jpg?v=1759179867"},{"product_id":"measuring-interlanguage-pragmatic-knowledge-of-efl-learners-book-jianda-liu-9783631545959","title":"Measuring Interlanguage Pragmatic Knowledge of EFL Learners","description":"Pragmatic competence is an integral and indispensable component of overall language competence. Omitting the pragmatic dimension from language assessment is, therefore, quite unfortunate. This book describes the development and validation of three test methods designed to test the interlanguage pragmatic knowledge of EFL learners. Altogether 413 subjects participated in the development of the tests. Results showed that all three methods investigated had measured learners' interlanguage pragmatic knowledge. Quantitative analyses showed that the tests tapped the intended construct and the test methods measured a similar construct. Analyses of verbal reports yielded results which supported the quantitative analyses and revealed that the construct-relevant knowledge was involved in the test takers' cognitive activities. This book ends with some pedagogical implications of this study and directions for further research.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52451809624337,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52451810246929,"sku":"NLS9783631545959","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631545959.jpg?v=1759362652"},{"product_id":"validity-evaluation-in-language-assessment-book-john-m-norris-9783631549469","title":"Validity Evaluation in Language Assessment","description":"This book explores the notion of validity evaluation as a means for helping educators to ensure the utility and worth of their assessment practices. With a particular focus on foreign language testing, the author challenges assessment traditions and argues for a fundamental reconceptualization of assessments and their validation in language teaching and other educational settings. Following a critical review of test validity standards and methods within educational measurement, the author then proposes a comprehensive alternative approach to validation based upon program evaluation methodology. A report of a multi-year case study completes the volume, providing in-depth analyses of how validity evaluation methods were applied by foreign language educators in meeting the assessment needs of a German program at a US university.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52451828400401,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52451828924689,"sku":"NLS9783631549469","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631549469.jpg?v=1759362716"},{"product_id":"strategic-competence-and-efl-reading-test-performance-book-aek-phakiti-9783631559017","title":"Strategic Competence and EFL Reading Test Performance","description":"Strategic competence (a higher-order executive ability that executes strategies for language use) has long been theorized as a significant non-linguistic factor affecting second language (L2) communicative ability. Despite its recognition, the parameters of strategic competence have been poorly defined and researched. Utilizing the multitrait-multimethod approach, this book examines the relationships of general strategic knowledge and strategic regulation in a specific high-stakes, test-taking context to English as a foreign language (EFL) reading test performance over time through the use of a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. Since it is large-scale and longitudinal in nature, this research provides an opportunity to generalize the unfolding nature of strategic competence. The book concludes by proposing multidimensional models to assist researching strategic competence and by discussing pedagogical models for strategic reading instruction.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52451908190481,"sku":"NLS9783631559017","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631559017.jpg?v=1759362957"},{"product_id":"applying-item-response-theory-in-language-test-item-bank-building-book-gabor-szabo-9783631568514","title":"Applying Item Response Theory in Language Test Item Bank Building","description":"Item Response Theory, though it has become a widely recognized tool in language testing research, is still not used frequently in practical language assessment projects. This book intends to provide a theoretical overview as well as to give practical guidance concerning the application of IRT in item bank building in a language testing context by presenting a particular project in a higher education setting.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52452588945681,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52452589568273,"sku":"NLS9783631568514","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631568514.jpg?v=1759365226"},{"product_id":"testing-lexicogrammar-book-theresa-weiler-9783631865408","title":"Testing Lexicogrammar","description":"This book explores the construct of language in use, specifically as operationalised through different item types in the Austrian Matura. The findings suggest that the tasks under investigation assess grammatical form and meaning at the sub-sentential and sentential level.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52454200017169,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52454200541457,"sku":"NLS9783631865408","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631865408.jpg?v=1759370441"},{"product_id":"language-proficiency-testing-for-chinese-as-a-foreign-language-book-florian-meyer-9783631648919","title":"Language Proficiency Testing for Chinese as a Foreign Language","description":"How did the (old) Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (HSK) assess the Chinese proficiency of non-native speakers of Chinese? What inferences can be derived from HSK test taker scores, especially from Western test takers? How difficult is it to learn Chinese according to the HSK? Thirty years of research have been synthesized into an argument-based approach for validating the most widespread test for Chinese as a foreign language. In addition, the author has analyzed the scores of a sample of over 250 German test takers in order to investigate how many hours German natives needed on average to study for reaching a specific HSK level. This work also extensively discusses validation theory for psychological testing, and it demonstrates how to put an argument-based approach to validation into practice.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52462737555729,"sku":"NLS9783631648919","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631648919.jpg?v=1759530638"},{"product_id":"testing-esl-sociopragmatics-book-carsten-roever-9783631653791","title":"Testing ESL Sociopragmatics","description":"Testing of second language pragmatics has grown as a research area but still suffers from a tension between construct coverage and practicality. In this book, the authors describe the development and validation of a web-based test of second language pragmatics for learners of English. The test has a sociopragmatic orientation and strives for a broad coverage of the construct by assessing learners' metapragmatic judgments as well as their ability to co-construct discourse. To ensure practicality, the test is delivered online and is scored partially automatically and partially by human raters. We used the argument-based approach to validation, which showed that the test can support low-stakes decisions about learners' knowledge of sociopragmatics in English.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52462738374929,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52462739554577,"sku":"NLS9783631653791","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631653791.jpg?v=1759530641"},{"product_id":"computational-text-analysis-and-reading-comprehension-exam-complexity-book-trisevgeni-liontou-9783631656556","title":"Computational Text Analysis and Reading Comprehension Exam Complexity","description":"This book delineates a range of linguistic features that characterise the reading texts used at the B2 (Independent User) and C1 (Proficient User) levels of the Greek State Certificate of English Language Proficiency exams in order to help define text difficulty per level of competence. In addition, it examines whether specific reader variables influence test takers' perceptions of reading comprehension difficulty. The end product is a Text Classification Profile per level of competence and a formula for automatically estimating text difficulty and assigning levels to texts consistently and reliably in accordance with the purposes of the exam and its candidature-specific characteristics.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52462740799761,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52462741815569,"sku":"NLS9783631656556","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631656556.jpg?v=1759530645"},{"product_id":"co-construction-of-conversation-in-group-oral-tests-book-fumyo-nakatsuhara-9783631601099","title":"The Co-construction of Conversation in Group Oral Tests","description":"International language tests increasingly use group oral formats in both high- and low-stakes contexts. But how do test-takers with different characteristics interact in such formats? This book explores how test-takers with different extraversion and proficiency levels co-construct spoken interaction in groups. The impact of the two test-taker characteristics was examined across three task types and with two group sizes. Examination of group performances using both statistical and Conversation Analysis tools offered insights into how group conversation is co-constructed. By enhancing our understanding of the group oral test construct, the findings have useful implications for international language test development and enable appropriate choices regarding task type and group size.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52471977902353,"sku":"NLS9783631601099","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631601099.jpg?v=1759837075"},{"product_id":"international-experiences-in-language-testing-and-assessment-book-dina-tsagari-9783631621929","title":"International Experiences in Language Testing and Assessment","description":"This volume, written by distinguished scholars, researchers and practitioners in the field of language testing and assessment, includes selected papers presented at the 1st International Conference of Language Testing and Assessment (ICLTA). It is dedicated to the memory of Pavlos Pavlou, esteemed faculty member at the University of Cyprus.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52471982457105,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52471982948625,"sku":"NLS9783631621929","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631621929.jpg?v=1759837089"},{"product_id":"measuring-oral-proficiency-through-paired-task-performance-book-ildik-cspes-9783631564967","title":"Measuring Oral Proficiency through Paired-Task Performance","description":"This book intends to provide a theoretical overview of examining candidates' oral abilities in different examination formats. In particular, it explores specific partner effects on discourse outcomes and proficiency ratings in the framework of paired-task performance. Two investigations, both set in the context of a proposed Hungarian school leaving examination in English, were carried out in order to contribute to a better understanding of the assumed impact of the chosen variables. Study One investigates discourse differences between examiner-to-examinee interaction and peer-to-peer interaction. Study Two explores the impact of the peer partner's proficiency. The results show that partner effects related to this variable cannot be predicted as either harmful or beneficial since no statistically significant difference was found between 30 candidates' scores in different examination conditions.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52516389257489,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52516389781777,"sku":"NLS9783631564967","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631564967.jpg?v=1760502687"},{"product_id":"assessing-interactional-competence-book-claudia-harsch-9783631882504","title":"Assessing Interactional Competence","description":"With the growing recognition of the need to broaden the definition of Interactional Competence (IC) for communication and learning, this monograph offers the first book-length treatment on the conceptualization, development and validation of IC assessment instruments. Combining psychometrics with discourse analysis, highlights of the book include: 1) evidence that a holistic IC construct – encompassing the sequential, emotional, logical, moral and categorial dimensions – can be assessed reliably, 2) a practical IC rubric that is adaptable to diverse languages and contexts, 3) demonstration that L2 speakers can have stronger IC than L1 speakers. The book argues that IC needs to be taught and assessed for both L1 and L2 speakers to promote fairness in language education.   In this superb, meticulously designed, intellectually coherent book based on awardwinning scholarship, David Wei Dai takes the reader on a riveting journey tackling key challenges in assessing Interactional Competence. Ingenious and groundbreaking; there is no looking back. (Talia Isaacs, University College London)   David Wei Dai’s book is an exemplary study of test development and validation. It breaks new ground in the assessment of Interactional Competence, and is an invaluable resource for novices and seasoned researchers alike. (Carsten Roever, University of Melbourne)","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52522614620433,"sku":"NLS9783631882504","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631882504.jpg?v=1760578362"},{"product_id":"evaluating-tests-of-second-language-development-book-khaled-barkaoui-9783631842225","title":"Evaluating Tests of Second Language Development","description":"The book introduces a framework for examining the validity of tests that aim to assess second-language (L2) proficiency development over time and\/or in relation to L2 instruction. It also reports the findings of a longitudinal study that aimed to examine the sensitivity to change of a test of L2 proficiency development. Specifically, the study examined changes over time in Progress scores and the linguistic characteristics of essays written in response to Progress by learners who took the test before, during and after a period of L2 instruction in different countries. The book furthers our understanding of the nature of L2 proficiency as it develops over time and in relation to L2 instruction and provides a framework that can be used in future endeavours to design and validate tests of L2 proficiency development. The book is intended for graduate students, test developers, and researchers doing research in applied linguistics and L2 assessment.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52584941814033,"sku":"NLS9783631842225","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631842225.jpg?v=1761051632"},{"product_id":"festschrift-in-honour-of-guenther-sigott-advanced-methods-in-language-testing-book-claudia-harsch-9783631871430","title":"Festschrift in Honour of Guenther Sigott: Advanced Methods in Language Testing","description":"This Festschrift has been compiled to honour Günther Sigott for his notable contributions to academia in general and to the field of language testing in particular. The contributors to this volume come from all over the world, spanning regions from Austria and its neighbouring countries Slovenia and Germany, to the UK, USA, all the way to Japan and Iran. They work as test developers, teacher educators, psychometricians and researchers, taking up a variety of subjects such as washback of standardized tests, the acknowledgement of language varieties in high-stakes exams, fostering language assessment literacy or psychometric models to enhance C-test interpretations or scoring validity","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52592170074385,"sku":"NLS9783631871430","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631871430.jpg?v=1761065382"},{"product_id":"accent-and-listening-assessment-book-luke-harding-9783631609392","title":"Accent and Listening Assessment","description":"Given the linguistically diverse nature of academic institutions in English-speaking contexts, a strong rationale exists for the incorporation of L2 accents of English in academic listening assessment on the grounds of authenticity and construct representation. However large-scale tests have tended to feature only native-speaker varieties in listening test input owing to concerns about the intelligibility of L2 accents, construct validity and acceptability. This book presents a mixed-methods study designed to address these concerns. Versions of the University Test of English as a Second Language (UTESL) featuring Australian English, Japanese and Mandarin Chinese accented speakers were used to explore the potential for a shared-L1 or familiarity advantage, and to investigate test-takers' attitudes towards L2 accents on a listening test. Implications are drawn for test development and for future research.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52657073979665,"sku":"NLS9783631609392","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631609392.jpg?v=1762227062"},{"product_id":"collaboration-in-language-testing-and-assessment-book-dina-tsagari-9783631635292","title":"Collaboration in Language Testing and Assessment","description":"The Guidelines for Good Practice of the European Association for Language Testing and Assessment (EALTA) stress the importance of collaboration between all parties involved in the process of developing instruments, activities and programmes for testing and assessment. Collaboration is considered to be as important as validity and reliability, providing a crucial prerequisite for responsibility and respect for students. The papers, covering a range of topics that consider both realities and prospects of collaboration, were originally presented at EALTA conferences from 2008 to 2010.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52659380814097,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52659381731601,"sku":"NLS9783631635292","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631635292.jpg?v=1762262911"},{"product_id":"predicting-item-difficulty-in-a-reading-test-book-klaus-siller-9783631812495","title":"Predicting Item Difficulty in a Reading Test","description":"In this book, the author investigates a central issue in language testing research: What are the key features that contribute to item difficulty in a reading test? Results of various statistical analyses of the multiple-choice reading items from the Austrian 2009 baseline reading test show a significant correlation between empirical item difficulty and both cognitive processes and metacognitive strategies. The findings thus provide evidence of the construct validity of the baseline reading test on the one hand, but are equally relevant to teaching practice on the other hand. The teaching of reading at lower secondary level in the Austrian context needs to focus more on cognitive processes of different complexity and the active teaching of metacognitive reading strategies.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52659799752977,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52659800146193,"sku":"NLS9783631812495","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631812495.jpg?v=1762263823"},{"product_id":"virtual-standard-setting-setting-cut-scores-book-claudia-harsch-9783631805398","title":"Virtual Standard Setting: Setting Cut Scores","description":"Virtual standard setting became more popular since the global outbreak of Covid-19 in 2020. Standard setting practitioners needed to conduct either cut score studies and\/or linking studies online. The research presented in this book predates Covid-19 and explores virtual standard setting in two e-communication media (audio and video) and then compares them to the face-to-face environment. The interplay of quantitative methods [i.e., classical test theory (CTT) and Rasch measurement theory (RMT)] and qualitative methods [(i.e., constant comparative method (CCM), and media naturalness theory (MNT)] unravel Ariadne’s thread into the labyrinth of virtual standard setting. Illustrative examples of how to conduct and evaluate a virtual workshop are offered to stimulate standard setting practitioners to embrace the opportunities of the virtual environment.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52672705855761,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52672706838801,"sku":"NLS9783631805398","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631805398.jpg?v=1762295259"},{"product_id":"formative-evaluation-for-organisational-learning-book-john-o-dwyer-9783631568057","title":"Formative Evaluation for Organisational Learning","description":"Formative Evaluation has long been considered a major contributor to curriculum development in education. This book describes and analyses a case-study of the use of Formative Evaluation in a large university school of language. Evidence suggests three distinct types of Formative Evaluation, Metacognitive, Transformative, and Performative, with differing levels of effectiveness in promoting curriculum improvement and a Learning Organisation. Performative evaluation surfaces as the most effective for curriculum and organisational development. For managers and curriculum specialists grappling with the task of developing a strong institutional culture, the case-study shows how embedding effective Formative Evaluation into management systems and structures improves change management, encourages a positive organisational culture and leads to sustained organisational learning.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52684025626897,"sku":"NLS9783631568057","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631568057.jpg?v=1762322058"},{"product_id":"personality-differences-and-oral-test-performance-book-vivien-berry-9783631561713","title":"Personality Differences and Oral Test Performance","description":"The book examines how individual differences in candidates' levels of extraversion interact with facets which have been shown to affect scores obtained on oral performance tests. Three major studies are presented: the first is concerned with the individual candidate in the model; the second study investigates the role of the rater in the oral test process; the final study is concerned with the degree of interactivity required of pairs of candidates, each of whom also acts as an interlocutor in the performance of an oral test task. Results of the studies confirm that when an appropriate instrument is used to assess personality, and when theoretically sound hypotheses derived from the psychological literature are tested, significant differences can be observed in the responses of introverts and extraverts on particular oral test tasks.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52685235323153,"sku":"NLS9783631561713","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631561713.jpg?v=1762325054"},{"product_id":"interviewer-variability-in-oral-proficiency-interviews-book-annie-brown-9783631542248","title":"Interviewer Variability in Oral Proficiency Interviews","description":"This book was the winner of the 2005 Jacqueline A. Ross Dissertation Award for second or foreign language testing. The assessment of speaking skills is an important part of the language learning process, whether carried out by teachers in the classroom or through proficiency tests administered by testing agencies. However, the complex and subjective nature of speaking assessment raises a number of important questions about the validity, reliability and fairness of test procedures. This book, which is based on research into the speaking test of the International English Language Testing System (IELTS), shows how the performance of learners in oral proficiency interviews cannot be taken unequivocally as an indication of their ability, as variation in interviewer behaviour can have an impact both on learner performance and on ratings outcomes.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52685935804689,"sku":"NLS9783631542248","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631542248.jpg?v=1762326782"},{"product_id":"die-validitaet-der-skalen-des-gemeinsamen-europaeischen-referenzrahmens-fuer-spr-book-katrin-wisniewski-9783631650158","title":"Die Validitaet Der Skalen Des Gemeinsamen Europaeischen Referenzrahmens Fuer Sprachen","description":"Die Skalen des Gemeinsamen europ ischen Referenzrahmens f r Sprachen (GeRS) kommen zunehmend etwa bei der Formulierung von Bildungsstandards oder der Erstellung von Sprachtests zum Einsatz. Dieser Entwicklung steht jedoch ein eklatanter Mangel an Studien zur M glichkeit der validen Verwendung dieser Skalen gegen ber. Diese Arbeit untersucht die theoretische und empirische Validit t der GeRS-Skalen f r Wortschatz und Fl ssigkeit. Sie zeigt, dass die Skalen auf keiner koh renten theoretischen Grundlage basieren. Zudem erfassen sie die untersuchte empirische italienische und deutsche gesprochene Lernersprache nur mangelhaft. Die Ergebnisse legen eine umfassende  berarbeitung der GeRS-Skalen nahe, um authentischer Lernersprache und aktuellen Forschungserkenntnissen gerecht zu werden.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52686769881361,"sku":"NLS9783631650158","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631650158.jpg?v=1762328829"},{"product_id":"setting-performance-standards-in-europe-book-spiros-papageorgiou-9783631592571","title":"Setting Performance Standards in Europe","description":"This publication was awarded the Jacqueline Ross TOEFL Dissertation Award in 2009.   Since its publication in 2001, the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) has been the most frequently-cited performance standard in language testing in Europe. To help test providers and users with score interpretation in relation to the CEFR levels, the Council of Europe published the ‘Manual for relating language examinations to the CEFR’. Even though the linking process set out in the Manual is primarily based on judgements by trained participants, judgement-making in this context remains largely unexplored. The research presented in this book addresses this issue by employing quantitative and qualitative methods. Despite the judges’ good understanding of how language ability progresses from lower to higher CEFR levels, it was found that describing test content and examinee performance was not without problems and decision-making was affected by a number of factors that were irrelevant to the judgement task. The results provide a better understanding of judgement-making during the CEFR linking process, which has important implications for examination providers and users of CEFR-aligned test scores.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52820404470033,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52820405485841,"sku":"NLS9783631592571","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631592571.jpg?v=1764329893"},{"product_id":"classroom-based-assessment-in-the-school-foreign-language-classroom-book-kathryn-m-hill-9783631638118","title":"Classroom-Based Assessment in the School Foreign Language Classroom","description":"Black and Wiliam’s (1998) influential article Inside the Black Box prompted an increasing interest in assessment processes within the classroom. However, to date most of this research has been done in general and science education. This book reports on a detailed ethnographic study of Indonesian as a Foreign Language classrooms at two consecutive levels of schooling in Australia. Using the broadest possible definition of classroom-based assessment (CBA) and a grounded approach to analysis, data were used to develop a comprehensive framework for analysing CBA. This framework was then used to describe and compare assessment practices in the respective classrooms. The results demonstrate, inter alia, that how assessment was conducted was as important as what was assessed in these classrooms.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52820518109457,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52820518961425,"sku":"NLS9783631638118","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631638118.jpg?v=1764330127"},{"product_id":"interaction-in-a-paired-speaking-test-book-lynette-anne-may-9783631617236","title":"Interaction in a Paired Speaking Test","description":"Paired speaking tests are increasingly used in both low- and high-stakes second language assessment contexts. Until recently, very little was known about the way in which raters interpret and apply descriptors relating to interactional competence to a performance that is co-constructed. This book presents a study which explores the interactional features of a paired speaking test that were salient to raters and the extent to which raters viewed the performances as separable. The study shows that raters use their own frames of reference to interpret descriptors and that they viewed certain features of the performance as mutual accomplishments. The book takes us 'beyond scores', and in doing so, contributes to the growing body of research on paired speaking tests.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52821137064209,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52821137359121,"sku":"NLS9783631617236","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631617236.jpg?v=1764331254"},{"product_id":"assessing-intercultural-language-learning-book-veronika-timpe-9783631650080","title":"Assessing Intercultural Language Learning","description":"Although Intercultural Communicative Competence (ICC) has become a key objective in foreign language (FL) education, curricula offer little in how language teachers can promote ICC through language instruction. This book responds to the challenge of how intercultural language learning can be accounted for more profoundly in FL teaching. By means of innovative intercultural assessments, the author investigates the development of three language competences central to ICC in relation to learning opportunities as experienced by German learners of English. Audiovisual media were found to be a major input factor in the development of intercultural language abilities. The book ends with a discussion of how audiovisual media can be implemented in secondary and tertiary FL and teacher education.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52821207187729,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52821207351569,"sku":"NLS9783631650080","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783631650080.jpg?v=1764331795"},{"product_id":"evaluating-the-item-descriptor-id-matching-method-in-a-face-to-face-and-synchron-book-paraskevi-kanistra-9783631921661","title":"Evaluating the Item Descriptor (ID) Matching Method in a Face-to-Face and Synchronous Virtual Environment","description":"This book turns the page on standard setting, calling for a time of change. Expanding Cizek \u0026amp; Earnest's (2016) evaluation framework, it delivers a comprehensive mixed-methods investigation of Ferrara \u0026amp; Lewis' (2012) Item Descriptor Matching method, using a multi-phase design across face-to-face and virtual workshops. At its core lies the author's Unified Alignment \u0026amp; Test Development (UATD) framework, which embeds a unique quantitative principled cut score approach to calculate defensible, trustworthy thresholds grounded in theory. Using corpus linguistics and AI models to analyse panel discussions, the book shows how innovative methodologies enhance the validity and robustness of CEFR-linking studies. It also translates the panelists' bottom-up and top-down strategies to tame the CEFR into innovative activities for the familiarisation stage. The result is an expanded, transparent, and forward-looking practice that strengthens the validity, fairness, and impact of standard setting.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":53468829745425,"sku":"NLS9783631921661","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}]}],"url":"https:\/\/www.worldofbooks.com\/collections\/language-testing-and-evaluation-book-series.oembed?page=2","provider":"World of Books ","version":"1.0","type":"link"}