{"title":"Nato Science Series E:","description":"\u003cp\u003eDive into cutting-edge research with the NATO Science Series E. Explore diverse topics in applied sciences and technology, perfect for academics and industry professionals seeking in-depth analysis.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"biofilms-science-and-technology-book-l-melo-9780792320227","title":"Biofilms - Science and Technology","description":"Biofilms -- Science and Technology covers the main topics  of biofilm formation and activity, from basic science to applied  aspects in engineering and medicine. The book presents a masterly  discussion of microbial adhesion, the metabolism of microorganisms in  biofilms, modelling of mass transfer and biological reaction within  biofilms, as well as the behaviour of these microbial communities in  industry (waste water treatment, heat exchanger biofouling, membranes,  food processing) and in medicine (teeth, implants, prosthetic  devices). 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Over the past ten years there has been limited research and investigation into the underlying mechanisms which give rise to this problem. For convenience, particularly in heat exchanger technology, the mechanisms involved have been subdivided into different subject areas. It is often the situation that individuals or groups of workers have concentra- ted efforts in one or two of these specialist areas and there is a need to integrate the ideas across the whole spectrum of the subject. In addition, topics such as adhesion and surface phenomena have not been properly taken into account up till now in the assessment of the fouling processes. For this reason it was considered essential that the recognised experts from around the world, who are actively concerned with research, development and design in the fieId, should meet and exchange ideas and experience. Such a meeting was held at Alvor, Portugal, in May 1987, sponsored by the NATO Advanced St dy Institutes Programme. 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This publication is the Proceedings of the Institute. The NATO Advanced Study Institute Program of the NATO Science Committee is a unique and valuable forum, under whose auspices almost one thousand international tutorial meetings have been held since the inception of the program in 1959. The ASI is intended to be primarily a high-level teaching activity at which a carefully defined subject is presented in a systematic and coherently structured program. The subject is treated in considerable depth by lecturers eminent; in their :(ield and of international standing. The subject is presented to other scientists who either will already have specialized in the field or possess an advanced general background. The ASI is aimed at approximately the post-doctoral level. 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There had been a number of recent advan­ ces in this field, and given the considerable interest in these new polymeric materials, we thought such a meeting would be well received both by industry and academia. We wanted it to contain a wide range of background science and technology and also up to date recent advances in the field. It became clear as the discus­ sion progressed that the experts in the field were scattered over the length and breadth of Europe and North America and thus the cost of bringing them together for a summer school would necessi­ tate a high registration fee which would deter many of the research workers we wished to attract. The NATO Advanced Study Institute programme enables a subject to be covered in depth and by giving generous funds to cover lecturers' costs ensures that a wide spectrum of research workers can attend. We decided to apply to NATO and this book contains the results of our request. 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After consulting with the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO, an organizing committee was formed. This comittee -­ J. Bernier (France), M. Benedini (Italy), S. Sorooshian (U. S. A. ), and co-directors L. Duckstein (U. S. A. ) and E. J. Plate (F. R. G. ) -- brought into being this NATO Advanced Study Institute (ASI). 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At  present, there is a worldwide interest in intermetallics, and  extensive efforts have been devoted to intermetallic research and  development in the U.S., Japan, European countries, and other nations.  As a result, significant advances have been made in all areas of  intermetallic research. This NATO Advanced Workshop on ordered  intermetallics (1) reviews the recent progress, and (2) assesses the  future direction of intermetallic research in the areas of electronic  structure and phase stability, deformation and fracture, and  high-temperature properties. The book is divided into six parts: (1)  Electronic Structure and Phase Stability; (2) Deformation and  Dislocation Structures; (3) Ductility and Fracture; (4) Kinetic  Processes and Creep Behavior; (5) Research Programs and Highlights;  and (6) Assessment of Current Research and Recommendation for Future  Work.    The first four parts review the recent advances in the three focus  areas. 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The technology related to supply and demand of natural gas has been in the focus of long range energy planning during the last decade in Western Europe. 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The Study Institute was held at Fauske Hotel, Fauske, a small town in the northern part of Norway, 2)rd-29th June, 1974. The members of the Scien­ tific Advisory Committee were: The Engineering Research Foundation at T. Halm¢ the Norwegian Institute of Technology, Trondheim, Norway W.H. Hardwick AERE, Harwell, Didcot, Berks., U.K. B. Ottar Norwegian Institute of Air Research, Kjeller, Norway J .A. Wilhelm Karlsruhe Nuclear Research Center, Karlsruhe, Germany R. Berg Institutt for Atomenergi, Kjeller, Norway The members of the Organizing Committee were: E. Andersen M. Bonnevie-Svendsen G. Jarrett all from Institutt for Atomenergi, Kjeller, Norway. The Advanced Study Institute was financially sponsored by the NATO Scientific Affairs Division. The aim of the Study Institute was to bring together scien­ tists concerned with fundamental aspects of sorption, solid state physics and reaction kinetics and workers who are occupied with the development of filter systems for controlled and efficient removal of impurities and poisons from air, off-gases, potable water and industrial effluents. The papers presented covered both theoretical and practical aspects of sorption and membrane filtration. The emphasis was on factors which may effect the filter efficiency, on evaluation, optimalization, controlled development of \"tailor made\" systems, mathematical models and VI economical consideration. 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Subjects in process engineering include crystal growth, epitaxy, oxidation, thin film deposition, fine-line lithography, dry etching, ion implantation, and diffusion. Other related topics such as process simulation, defects phenomena, and diagnostic techniques are also included. This book is the result of a NATO-sponsored Advanced Study Institute (AS!) held in Castelvecchio Pascoli, Italy. 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