{"title":"Nijhoff International Philosophy Series","description":"\u003cp\u003eDelve into profound philosophical discussions with the Nijhoff International Philosophy Series. Explore key thinkers and groundbreaking ideas across a range of topics. An essential collection for philosophy enthusiasts.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"on-the-existence-of-god-book-fc-brentano-9789024735389","title":"On the Existence of God","description":"Of the works by Franz Brentano (1838-1917) which have appeared in thus far, perhaps none is better suited to convey a clear idea of the English spirit of the man that this volume of his lectures on proving the existence of God. In order to understand his metaphysics, it would he better to read The Theory of Categories; in order to master the finer points of his psychology, it would be better to read Psychology From an Empirical Standpoint; in order to appreciate his ethical theory, it would be better to read The Origin of Our Knowledge of Right and Wrong or, for a more thorough treatment, The Foundation and Construction of Ethics. But in order to see what it was that gave Brentano the enthusiasm and dedication to do all that work and much more besides, it is necessary to find out what Brentano believed the philosophical enterprise itself to be; and this comes forth most vividly when he bends his philosophical efforts to the subject he considered most important of all, namely, natural theology. 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It is made up of essays which were dictated by Brentano during the last ten years of his life, between 1907 and 1917. These dictations were assembled and edited by Alfred Kastil and first published by the Felix Meiner Verlag in 1933 under the title Kategorienlehre. Kastil added copious notes to Brentano's text. These notes have been included, with some slight omissions, in the present edition; the bibliographical references have been brought up to date. Brentano's approach to philosophy is unfamiliar to many contemporay readers. I shall discuss below certain fundamental points which such readers are likely to find the most difficult. I believe that once these points are properly understood, then what Brentano has to say will be seen to be of first importance to philosophy. THE PRIMACY OF THE INTENTIONAL To understand Brentano's theory of being, one must realize that he appeals to what he calls inner perception for his paradigmatic uses of the word \"is\". For inner perception, according to Brentano, is the source of our knowledge of the nature of being, just as it is the source of our knowledge of the nature of truth and of the nature of good and evil. 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The reasons for this are numerous, but since in Kant, everything comes in threes, a three-fold collection will suffice. The Critique of Teleological Judgment itself is one reason. More than most of his writings, this segment of the Critical corpus suffers from what can most charitably be termed \"mistakes of exposition. \" In this part of the third Critique, it is commonplace to find sub-arguments in Kant's general position somewhere other than their logical niche. The result is that the general theme behind his remarks about living phenomena is obscured. This difficulty has done much to discourage even the most enthusiastic of Kant admirers from investing their time on this work. Secondly, in this century, until very recently, there has been little interest in philosophical questions about biology. Twenty-one out of thirty-one sections of the Critique of Teleological Judgment (sections #61 and 63-83) deal either directly or indirectly with issues of interest in the philosophy of biology. Finally, the Critique of Teleological Judgment has been placed among the last on that list \"of writings thought to formulate Kant's Critical system. 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It is made up of essays which were dictated by Brentano during the last ten years of his life, between 1907 and 1917. These dictations were assembled and edited by Alfred Kastil and first published by the Felix Meiner Verlag in 1933 under the title Kategorienlehre. Kastil added copious notes to Brentano's text. These notes have been included, with some slight omissions, in the present edition; the bibliographical references have been brought up to date. Brentano's approach to philosophy is unfamiliar to many contemporay readers. I shall discuss below certain fundamental points which such readers are likely to find the most difficult. I believe that once these points are properly understood, then what Brentano has to say will be seen to be of first importance to philosophy. THE PRIMACY OF THE INTENTIONAL To understand Brentano's theory of being, one must realize that he appeals to what he calls inner perception for his paradigmatic uses of the word \"is\". For inner perception, according to Brentano, is the source of our knowledge of the nature of being, just as it is the source of our knowledge of the nature of truth and of the nature of good and evil. And what can be said about the being of things that are not apprehended in inner perception can be understood only by analogy with what we are able to say about ourselves as thinking subjects.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51142738051345,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51142739165457,"sku":"NIN9789400981911","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52351457952017,"sku":"NLS9789400981911","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9400981910.jpg?v=1751159806"},{"product_id":"nonexistent-objects-book-kj-perszyk-9789048143191","title":"Nonexistent Objects","description":"Issues surrounding the status and nature of `nonexistent  objects' constitute one of philosophy's oldest and densest thickets.  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It  is written for students and professionals interested in these, and  related, areas.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51157193457937,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":51157195850001,"sku":"NGR9789048143191","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52476541993233,"sku":"NLS9789048143191","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9048143195.jpg?v=1751191476"},{"product_id":"contemporary-yugoslav-philosophy-the-analytic-approach-book-a-pavkovic-9789024737765","title":"Contemporary Yugoslav Philosophy: The Analytic Approach","description":"The aim of this collection is to present the work of Yugoslav philosophers who approach philosophy in a analytic manner. I have sought contributions from all philosophers of whom I knew to be working in this tradition. 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And Down Under, Steve Glaister checked the English, Nancy Simmons patiently typed the manuscripts into a rather temperamental word-processor, Mitjana Djukic proof-read them and Dean Davidson of the Macquarie University Computing Centre helped us to get them printed. To all of them many thanks.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52123259961617,"sku":"NLS9789024737765","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9789024737765.jpg?v=1757448390"},{"product_id":"popper-and-the-human-sciences-book-g-currie-9789024731411","title":"Popper and the Human Sciences","description":"Although Sir Karl Popper's contributions to a number of diverse areas of philosophy are widely appreciated, serious criticism of his work has tended to focus on his philosophy of the natural sciences. This volume contains twelve critical essays on Popper's contribution to what we have called the 'human sciences', a category broad enough to include not only Popper's views on the methods of the social sciences but also his views on the relation of mind and body, Freud's psychology, and the status of cultural objects. Most of our contributors are philosophers whose own work stands outside the Popperian framework. We hope that this has resulted in a volume whose essays confront not merely the details of Popper's argu- ments but also the very presuppositions of his thinking. With one exception, the essays appear here for the first time. The exception is L.J. Cohen's paper, which is a revised and considerably expanded ver- sion of a paper first published in the British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science for June 1980. We would like to thank Loraine Hawkins and Jane Hogg for their editorial assistance and June O'Donnell for typing various manuscripts and all the correspondence which a volume of essays entails.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52123639513361,"sku":"NLS9789024731411","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9789024731411.jpg?v=1757451644"},{"product_id":"nonexistent-objects-book-kj-perszyk-9780792324614","title":"Nonexistent Objects","description":"Issues surrounding the status and nature of `nonexistent  objects' constitute one of philosophy's oldest and densest thickets.  In this book Perszyk takes his readers surefootedly through this  thicket, informed both historically and at the level of contemporary  discussion of relevant themes. His main aim is to develop a `bundle'  or `set of properties' interpretation of Meinong's theory of  nonexistent objects (as opposed to a set of properties neo-Meinongian  metaphysics), and to defend this nonstandard interpretation against  competing views in both the philosophical and scholarly literature on  Meinong. The Meinong who emerges is neither the hero nor the villain  his friends and foes have commonly led us to believe.   This clearly written book is a valuable addition both to the  literature on Meinong and to contemporary metaphysics of modality. It  is written for students and professionals interested in these, and  related, areas.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52125815013649,"sku":"NLS9780792324614","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9780792324614.jpg?v=1757468883"},{"product_id":"plurality-and-continuity-book-david-aj-seargent-9789401087698","title":"Plurality and Continuity","description":"by D. M. Armstrong In the history of the discussion of the problem of universals, G. F. Stout has an honoured, and special. place. For the Nominalist, meaning by that term a philosopher who holds that existence of repeatables - kinds, sorts, type- and the indubitable existence of general terms, is a problem. The Nominalist's opponent, the Realist, escapes the Nominalist's difficulty by postulating universals. He then faces difficulties of his own. Is he to place these universals in a special realm? Or is he to bring them down to earth: perhaps turning them into repeatable properties of particulars (universalia in res), and repeatable relations between universals (universalia inter res)? Whichever solution he opts for, there are well-known difficulties about how particulars stand to these universals. Under these circumstances the Nominalist may make an important con- cession to the Realist, a concession which he can make without abandoning his Nominalism. He may concede that metaphysics ought to recognize that particulars have properties (qualities, perhaps) and are related by relations. But, he can maintain, these properties and relations are particulars, not universals. Nor, indeed, is such a position entirely closed to the Realist. A Realist about universals may, and some Realists do, accept particularized properties and relations in addition to universals. 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This conference was held in August 1983 at Trinity College, Cambridge, of which Wisdom has been a fellow since 1935. Wisdom is a master of discursive reasoning and one of his distinctive contributions in philosophy has been to examine its various forms and their interconnections, particularly the form it takes in philosophical inquiry and the way it advances our understanding there. His concern to bring out the links between all that is abstract in such reasoning and the concrete and particular is well known and represented in many of the essays in this volume. But Wisdom has also a deep appreciation of the kind of understanding that is advanced non-discursively. As he puts it in the first piece in this volume: However skilled a good critic 'I am sure that much of what makes Hamlet Hamlet will run between his fingers'. He has himself advanced our understanding on many questions in philosophy in this way, not simply by what he has said, but also by what he has suggested 'between the lines'.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52126405493009,"sku":"NLS9789400961869","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9789400961869.jpg?v=1757475972"},{"product_id":"vienna-circle-and-the-lvov-warsaw-school-book-a-szaniawski-9789024737987","title":"The Vienna Circle and the Lvov-Warsaw School","description":"This book grew out of an international symposium, organized in September 1986 by the Austrian Cultural Institute in Warsaw in cooperation with the Polish Philosophical Society. The topic was: The Vienna Circle and the Lvov-Warsaw School. Since the two phil- osophical trends existed in roughly the same time and were close- ly related, it was one of the purposes of the symposium to investigate both similarities and thp differences. Some thirty people took part in the symposium, nearly twenty contributions were presented and extensively discussed. The sym- posium owed much to the excellent organization and warm hospital- ity shown by Dr Georg Jankovic, the Director of the Austrian In- stitute. As the person in charge of the scientific programme of the symposium, I take pleasure to acknowledge this debt. It so happened that a month later another symposium of a similar character was held. It took place in the University of Manchester, on the occasion of the centenary of the births of Stanislaw Lesniewski, Tadeusz Kotarbiflski and Wladyslaw Tatarkie- wicz. Some papers read at the Manchester symposium form a part of the present volume. It was not possible, for technical reasons (the time factor was one of them), to include in this book all the material from the two symposia. Certain contributions have appeared elsewhere (for instance, K. Szaniawski's 'Ajdukiewicz on Non-Deductive Inference' was published in Danish Yearbook of Philosophy, Vol. 23). On the other hand, certain papers have been written special- ly for this volume.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52126800150801,"sku":"NLS9789024737987","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9789024737987.jpg?v=1757480060"},{"product_id":"lesniewski-s-systems-book-janusz-czelakowski-9789400960916","title":"Lesniewski's Systems","description":null,"brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52126929944849,"sku":"NLS9789400960916","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9789400960916.jpg?v=1757481348"},{"product_id":"direct-realism-book-d-gram-9789400969100","title":"Direct Realism","description":"or their surfaces can be translated without remainder into descriptions of ob- jects that are neither material objects or surfaces of any material object. All of these claims have historically conspired to discredit Direct Realism. But Direct Realism can accommodate all of the premises of the three argu- ments without admitting any of their conclusions. Inferential perceptual knowl- edge assumes a kind of knowledge that is not inferential. Without this assump- tion, we are given a vicious infinite regress. But this is compatible with the fact that any case of non-inferential knowledge has a material objeCt as its object. The fact ofinfallible perceptual awareness fails to discredit DireCt Realism for similar reasons. Infallibility is a characteristic, not of the objects which we perceive, but rather of the acts by which we perceive them. And this permits an object of such awareness to be either material or something other than material. It does not fol- low from the fact of infallibility that the objects of awareness must be other than material objects. And, finally, the fact of translatability shows at most that we either can or must simultaneously perceive material objects and entities which are not material objects. It does not show that the perception of the one is the same as the perception of the other. The entire argument rests, as we shall learn, on an illicit assimilation of the notions of sameness and equivalence.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52127034769681,"sku":"NLS9789400969100","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9789400969100.jpg?v=1757482206"},{"product_id":"direct-realism-book-d-gram-9789024728701","title":"Direct Realism","description":"or their surfaces can be translated without remainder into descriptions of ob- jects that are neither material objects or surfaces of any material object. All of these claims have historically conspired to discredit Direct Realism. But Direct Realism can accommodate all of the premises of the three argu- ments without admitting any of their conclusions. Inferential perceptual knowl- edge assumes a kind of knowledge that is not inferential. Without this assump- tion, we are given a vicious infinite regress. But this is compatible with the fact that any case of non-inferential knowledge has a material objeCt as its object. The fact ofinfallible perceptual awareness fails to discredit DireCt Realism for similar reasons. Infallibility is a characteristic, not of the objects which we perceive, but rather of the acts by which we perceive them. And this permits an object of such awareness to be either material or something other than material. It does not fol- low from the fact of infallibility that the objects of awareness must be other than material objects. And, finally, the fact of translatability shows at most that we either can or must simultaneously perceive material objects and entities which are not material objects. It does not show that the perception of the one is the same as the perception of the other. The entire argument rests, as we shall learn, on an illicit assimilation of the notions of sameness and equivalence.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52128176472337,"sku":"NLS9789024728701","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9789024728701.jpg?v=1757489719"},{"product_id":"lesniewskis-systems-protothetic-book-jan-jt-srzednicki-9780792345046","title":"Lesniewskis Systems Protothetic","description":"Between the two world wars, Stanislaw Lesniewski  (1886-1939), created the famous and important system of  foundations of mathematics that comprises three deductive theories:  Protothetic, Ontology, and Mereology.    His research started in 1914 with studies on the general theory of  sets (later named `Mereology'). Ontology followed between 1919 and  1921, and was the next step towards an integrated system. In order to  combine these two systematically he constructed Protothetic -  the system of `first principles'. Together they amount to what Z.  Jordan called `... most thorough, original, and philosophically  significant attempt to provide a logically secure foundation for the  whole of mathematics'.    The volume collects many of the most significant commentaries on, and  contributions to, Protothetic. A Protothetic Bibliography is included.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52128416727313,"sku":"NLS9780792345046","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9780792345046.jpg?v=1757490838"},{"product_id":"ethics-book-cd-broad-9789024730889","title":"Ethics","description":"This volume contains C. D. Broad's Cambridge lectures on Ethics. 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But in my opinion this is not true of the new version of the section on naturalistic theories: although more comprehensive than the earlier version, it is not only repetitive in itself, but also repeats, sometimes almost verbatim, passages which occur elsewhere in the lectures. 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Adherents and critics of these traditions tend to assurnethat they are diametrically opposed, that their roots, concerns and approaches contradict each other, and that no reconciliation is possible. In contradistinction Russell derives both traditions from the common root of the dissatisfaction with the arguments against speculative philosophy. These according to the author leave a lacuna - certain elementsof our Weltanschaaung have been removed, but they cannot be removed without replacement lest we have an incomplete world view, so incomplete in fact that it cannot be viable. According to Russell part of this vacuum is taken up by the analytical tradition but this tradition is not capable of taking up the remainder of it. That portion of the vacant space is however taken up by the dialectical tradi- tion, which in turn cannot itself handle the whole of the problem. Thus the two reactions to the demise of speculative philosophy appear to be complementary in at least this sense. 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Neither is this development  merely quantitative, the Australian researcher has come of age and  contributes widely to international debates. At least one movement  originated in Australia.    This makes the study of philosophy in Australia timely, evidenced by  the number of articles concerned with this area that begin to appear  in international journals. In Australia itself there is growing  interest in the history of the country's philosophical development.  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It was very fitting that Scotland's oldest university, founded in the heyday of medievalleaming in 1411, should have been given the chance to bring together scholars from all over Europe and beyond to present their researches on the glorious past of scholastic rational thought. The topic of the Symposium was Sophisms in Medieval Logic and Grammar. The present volume consists, for the most part, of the papers presented at the Symposium. In fact, however, it proved impossible to include five of the contributions. Two of the papers included here were intended for the Symposium but in the event not delivered, because of the unavoidable absence of the speakers. The Symposium received very helpful financial support from one of the major philosophical associations in Britain, the Mind Association, from the Philosophical Quarterly, a journal published at St Andrews, from the University of St Andrews, from the British Academy, and from Low and Bonarplc. In organising the programme for the conference and in preparing the papers for publication I received invaluable help from: Professor E.J.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52135000080657,"sku":"NLS9780792321965","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9780792321965.jpg?v=1757546490"},{"product_id":"comical-book-b-dziemidok-9780792321033","title":"The Comical","description":"The problem of the comical is one of the most interesting issues in aesthetics. Its significance extends well beyond the sphere of aesthetic studies and has at- tracted the attention of the scholars working in other fields such as the theorists and historians of particular art forms, sociologists, psychologists, as well as anthropologists, ethnographers and the theorists of education. Philosophy has devoted a lot of attention to the comical. Since Aristotle al- most every philosopher has felt obliged to comment on this question. However, even though they have offered a number of accurate observations on the subject, the philosophers involved in the discussion about the comical have earned a reputation of being rather devoid of the sense of the comical and many a time their considerations have been compared to those of a blind man talking about colours. And yet the problem of the comical kept attracting them to such an ex- tent that they paid no heed to the difficulties involved and neglected the risk of becoming ridiculous themselves. Adolf Zeissing once remarked that all the litera- ture on the comical is a comedy of errors committed while defining the comi- cal. Yet even he could not resist the temptation of adding another page to this comedy of errors. 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My greatest thanks go to my teachers and colleagues Nathan Rotenstreich, Nathan Spiegel, Yaakov Fleischman, as well as to the late Shmuel Hugo Bergman and Pepita Haezrachi. of this book was published in 1967 by An earlier, Hebrew version the Bialik Institute of Jerusalem. I am grateful to Mr Yehoshua Perel, Mr Arnold Schwartz and to my wife Varda for their cooperation in rendering the extensively revised text of the book into readable English. 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Some thirty people took part in the symposium, nearly twenty contributions were presented and extensively discussed. The sym- posium owed much to the excellent organization and warm hospital- ity shown by Dr Georg Jankovic, the Director of the Austrian In- stitute. As the person in charge of the scientific programme of the symposium, I take pleasure to acknowledge this debt. It so happened that a month later another symposium of a similar character was held. It took place in the University of Manchester, on the occasion of the centenary of the births of Stanislaw Lesniewski, Tadeusz Kotarbiflski and Wladyslaw Tatarkie- wicz. Some papers read at the Manchester symposium form a part of the present volume. It was not possible, for technical reasons (the time factor was one of them), to include in this book all the material from the two symposia. Certain contributions have appeared elsewhere (for instance, K. 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We would like to thank Loraine Hawkins and Jane Hogg for their editorial assistance and June O'Donnell for typing various manuscripts and all the correspondence which a volume of essays entails.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52144127803665,"sku":"NLS9789024729982","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9789024729982.jpg?v=1757587538"},{"product_id":"history-and-anti-history-in-philosophy-book-v-tejera-9789401076128","title":"History and Anti-History in Philosophy","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHistory and Anti-History in Philosophy \u003c\/em\u003edemonstrates the viability of the idea of the unity of philosophic thinking and the reflective practice of the history of philosophy. It is a concise in-depth history of the deconstructive turn in philosophy, and of the styles of historical and interpretive contextualization afforded by diverse schools of thought. Thematic unity arises from the focus of contributors on the historical dimension of reflection in philosophy.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHistory of philosophy and intellectual history come together when they are forced to practice foundational analysis, namely, when they feel the need to uncover indubitables of society. Indubitables are deeply held, usually unnoticed premises upon which a society or group acts, builds, and speaks. By foundational analysis, the editors do not mean the search for acceptable starting points of intellectual exploration, but the ongoing criticism of all such postulates of faith.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor those interested in contextual analysis of Kant, Hegel, Marx, Dewey, Mannheim, Husserl, Dilthey, Heidegger, and Gadamer, this is an invaluable guide. 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This makes it hard to understand the ideas of particular thinkers and sometimes makes it impossible to decide whether different formulations express the actual divergence of views or only the verbal preferences of their authors. Let us add that this imperfection does not simply spring from inaccuracy on the part of scholars, but also results from the complexity of the problems themselves. 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In fact, in this post- Kuhnian age the subject has never been more alive, as we work with enthusiasm on special topics, historical and conceptual. And no topic has grown and thrived quite like the philosophy of biology, which now has many students in the field producing high-quality articles and monographs. The success of this subject is due above all to the work and influence of one man: David Hull. In his own writings and in the support he has given to others, he has shown true leadership, in the best Platonic sense. It is now twenty years since Hull fnt gave his seminal paper 'What the philosophy of biology is not', and to mark that point and to show our respect, gratitude and affection to its author, a number of us who owe much to Hull decided to produce a volume of essays on and around themes to which Hull has spoken.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52145393959185,"sku":"NLS9789401070201","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52744288960785,"sku":"NIN9789401070201","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9789401070201.jpg?v=1757593418"},{"product_id":"on-the-existence-of-god-book-fc-brentano-9789401081252","title":"On the Existence of God","description":"Of the works by Franz Brentano (1838-1917) which have appeared in thus far, perhaps none is better suited to convey a clear idea of the English spirit of the man that this volume of his lectures on proving the existence of God. In order to understand his metaphysics, it would he better to read The Theory of Categories; in order to master the finer points of his psychology, it would be better to read Psychology From an Empirical Standpoint; in order to appreciate his ethical theory, it would be better to read The Origin of Our Knowledge of Right and Wrong or, for a more thorough treatment, The Foundation and Construction of Ethics. But in order to see what it was that gave Brentano the enthusiasm and dedication to do all that work and much more besides, it is necessary to find out what Brentano believed the philosophical enterprise itself to be; and this comes forth most vividly when he bends his philosophical efforts to the subject he considered most important of all, namely, natural theology. 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I am deeply indebted to Henryk Mehlberg. For two years after the Second World War, I was his student at Wroclaw University (where he lectured on philosophy and mathematical logic). At that time, I developed, under his influence, a long-life fascination with the philosophy of time, and was taught by him how to approach these problems effectively. My research in this field has resulted in three books. The first, Prop- erties of Time, published (in Polish) in 1970, concerns the topological properties and properties of symmetry (homogeneity and anisotropy) of time. The second, The Nature of Time, published (in Polish) in 1975, looks at possible definitions of time within both theories of relativity. 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