{"title":"Zoophysiology","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"magnetic-orientation-in-animals-book-roswitha-wiltschko-9783642797514","title":"Magnetic Orientation in Animals","description":"Biological effects of magnetic fields have been studied in many animals and plants. The magnetic fields were of a wide intensity range and, as alternating fields, of a wide frequency range and of a variety of impulse shapes. Effects on the cellular level, on bio­ chemical processes, growth and development, interactions with physiology, sensory input, reflexes and rhythm control, to name just a few, have been reported. Numerous magnetically induced changes in behavior have also been described. Recently, the amount of literature covering biological effects of magnetic fields has been rapidly increasing. By now it has grown to such an extent that it can no longer be covered in one volume. Most reviews specialize and focus on particular aspects and\/or types of fields or effects. For example, the book edited by MARET et al. (1986) gives an overview on biological effects of steady magnetic fields, MISAKIAN et al. (1993) reviewed those of extremely low frequency magnetic fields, focusing on in vitro effects. BERN­ HARD (1992) reported on 'electromagnetic smog' in view of pos­ sible effects on human health and well-being, and a series of papers edited by AMEMIYA (1994) summarizes Japanese research on effects of electromagnetic fields ranging from extern ely low to ultra-high frequencies. TENFORDE (1979) and ADEY (1981) sum­ marized and discussed tissue interactions, REITER (1993a) neu­ roendocrine and neurochemical changes associated with various kinds of electromagnetic fields. The book edited by KIRSCHVINK et al.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51222326411537,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51222327525649,"sku":"NIN9783642797514","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52622627733777,"sku":"NLS9783642797514","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3642797512.jpg?v=1750837884"},{"product_id":"peripheral-hearing-mechanisms-in-reptiles-and-birds-book-geoffrey-a-manley-9783642836176","title":"Peripheral Hearing Mechanisms in Reptiles and Birds","description":"Reptiles and birds have highly diverse hearing organs. Data on a huge amount of information concerning all aspects of structural, neurophysiological and anatomical aspects are reviewed as published up to mid-1988: in addition a good deal of yet unpublished data from the author's laboratory are included. The literature on hearing is scattered through a great variety of zoological, medical, psychological, psychoacoustical and bioengineering journals: this book condenses all important findings in one source.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52089403998481,"sku":"NLS9783642836176","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642836176.jpg?v=1756907061"},{"product_id":"gas-exchangers-book-john-n-maina-9783642637568","title":"The Gas Exchangers","description":"Amongst animals, diversity of form and of environmental circumstances have given rise to a multitude of different adap- tations subserving the relatively unified patterns of cellular metabolism. Nowhere else is this state of affairs better exem- plified than in the realm of respiration. Jones (1972). The field of comparative respiratory biology is expanding almost exponentially. With the ever-improving analytical tools and methods of experimentation, its scope is blossoming to fascinating horizons. The innovativeness and productivity in the area continue to confound students as well as specialists. The increasing wealth of data makes it possible to broaden the information base and meaning- fully synthesize, rationalize, reconcile, redefine, consolidate, and offer empirical validation of some of the earlier anecdotal views and interpretations, helping resolve the issues into adequately realistic and easily perceptible models. Occa- sional reflections on the advances made, as well as on the yet unresolved prob- lems, helps chart out new grounds, formulate new concepts, and stimulate inquiry. Moreover, timely assessments help minimize isolation among investiga- tors, averting costly duplication of effort. This exposition focuses on the diversity of the design of the gas exchangers and gives a critical appraisal of the plausible or constrained the evolvement of respiration. 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Because animal species have evolved from common ancestral populations, a basis for the comparison of body structures and physiological processes ex- ists among animal groups belonging to different classifications. The comparative approach provides a better understanding of the structure and function of adaptive systems and facilitates the development of general principles governing these systems among animal groups; further, this approach reveals significant characteristics specific to certain animal groups. As the evolu- tion of adaptation of animals to environmental conditions is explored, directions for future research are suggested. In this book, advances in research on the renin-angiotensin system are described with emphasis on the comparative aspects. However, since studies on the renin-angiotensin system of birds, reptiles, amphibians and fishes are limited compared with those con- ducted in mammals, in some chapters descriptions are con- cerned primarily with mammals. It has taken a long time to write this volume, and the topic is a broad one, with new data always emerging; therefore, certain aspects, and sometimes the most recent information, may not be included. Chapters 1-3 and sections 8. 1-8. 4,8. 6, 8. 7 were written by H. K.; Chapters 4-7 and Section 8. 5 by Y. T.; Chapter 9 was written by both authors. H. Uemura, M. Nozaki, Y. Okawara, We are indebted to Drs.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52141662568721,"sku":"NLS9783642647253","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642647253.jpg?v=1757577851"},{"product_id":"comparative-physiology-of-the-pancreatic-islets-book-august-epple-9783642831843","title":"The Comparative Physiology of the Pancreatic Islets","description":"As far as we are aware, this is the first attempt to cover the com- parative physiology of the pancreatic islets in a monograph. The topics discussed would probably have sufficed to fill about half a dozen monographs, a matter that becomes obvious from a look at the Contents. Hence, we have tried to present the ma- terial more in the form of a digest, to emphasize evolutionary perspectives, to point out critical issues, and to identify challenging topics for future research. This approach required an arbitrary reduction of the num- ber of references, and we therefore join the chorus of recent authors who beg their colleagues for understanding if some of their publications do not appear in the bibliography. Keeping up with the current literature was like fighting one of those monsters that grow a couple of new heads for each one that is cut off. Nevertheless, we hope that we have covered most of the key publications up to the autumn of 1986. We gratefully acknowledge the advice of many colleagues, and in particular the invaluable criticisms of Robert L. Hazelwood and Erika Plisetskaya. Special thanks are due to the series editor, Donald S. Farner, for his patience and guidance, both of which were fresh proof of his legendary diplomatic skills. Finally, we wish to thank Dr. D. Czeschlik and his staff at the Springer Verlag for their patience and support. Philadelphia, PA AUGUST EpPLE Greenville, NC JACK E. BRINN September 1987 v Contents Chapter 1. Introduction .......................... .","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52144275980561,"sku":"NLS9783642831843","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642831843.jpg?v=1757588166"},{"product_id":"endocrines-and-osmoregulation-book-pj-bentley-9783540426837","title":"Endocrines and Osmoregulation","description":"The opportunity to prepare a second edition of a book that was originally written 30 years ago has provided me with both a challenge and a source of pleas- over ure; the former as it needed to be spatially constrained within its original limits. Nevertheless, over 1000 references have been added. I must apologize to the many biologists whose contributions could not be included. I have attempted to keep the original format and historical perspective. The information has been princi- pally described within the context of each phyletic group of the vertebrates and their habitats. Each chapter is reasonably self-contained, but appreciation of mate- rial in later chapters, as often indicated, can be amplified by reference to Chap- ters 1 and 2. Information that was provided in tables in the first edition has now often been summarized in the text. Reviewing the work of earlier contributions to this field of study has evoked many pleasant memories of friends and acquain- tances, some deceased, events and occasions. It has been a particular pleasure to perceive the consequences of such observations and know some of the answers to the questions that they raised. A new generation of such questions has now emerged, which is one of the reasons for preparing this summary. 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My initial interest in marsupials developed from collaborative work with Dr. Richard Gates at Monash and Melbourne Universities in the 1970s and by curiosity as to whether concepts about the auditory system was stimulated stemming from experiments mainly on domestic cats could be extended to mam- mals of other orders. My subsequent interest in Australian marsupials, aroused by collaboration with Dr. John Nelson at Monash University in the 1980s and 1990s, concerned their auditory systems and behavior per se and not as primitive cousins of eutherians. More recently, I have collaborated with Dr. Bruce Masterton at Florida State University in studies of New World marsupials. His sad death in 1996 has robbed neurobiologists of one of our most provocative thinkers and hypothesis testers. 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We now understand some of the timing and guiding stimuli used in these migrations, and mechanisms can be logically proposed, on the basis of the established abilities of fishes, to account for the unexplained portions of the migrations. There is no single factor guiding these fish. Instead, they are dependent on the presence in their environment of a great variety of appropriate orienting and timing stimuli. These stimuli are vulnerable to human interference. 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Reprints of their publications have been placed at my disposal by almost all of the authors cited, as well as by others whose names and works have been omitted merely in order to prevent the book from taking on encyclopedic pro- portions. 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In view of historical boundaries in vertebrate biology, the subject is of broad enough importance to catch the interest of a wide audience of readers if I have done my job well. For ex- ample, of the major epochal transitions or events there have been in vertebrate history, three come immediately to mind: (1) The transition from aquatic to aerial respiration which ultimately led to a broad occupation of terrestrial habitats. 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The description of the pulsative nature of the environment and the distinct features of the ichthyofauna of the Amazon were central to the main goal. Nevertheless, any complete view is limited by the magnitude of the intraspecific variability coupled with the complex fluctuations of the environment. Thus, we have placed an emphasis on respiratory physiology and biochemistry. The reference list was made as complete as possible, particularly regarding special publications not readily available. We hope that this book is useful for comparative physiologists, tropical biologists, and the people interested in interactions between organ- isms and their environment. We are grateful to many people who contributed to the making of this book. Our initial ideas were influenced by Drs. Arno Schwantes, Maria Lufza Schwantes, Jose Tundisi, Anna Emflia Vazzoler, and Naercio Menezes.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52634058096913,"sku":"NLS9783642792311","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642792311.jpg?v=1761866679"},{"product_id":"insect-accessory-reproductive-structures-book-ms-kaulenas-9783642840821","title":"Insect Accessory Reproductive Structures","description":"In retrospect, the range of topics covered in this monograph, although forming a coherent ensemble, is so extensive that a detailed discussion could easily extend to three or four times the current length. My approach has been to identify the critical issues, summarize the major accomplishments, and to suggest promising avenues for future research. To facilitate this sum- mary presentation, I have limited the literature review largely to material published after 1970, extending to material appearing late in 1990. I gratefully acknowledge the advice of many colleagues, particularly the valuable criticisms of Drs. Warren Burggren, Joseph Kunkel, Randall Phillis, and John Stoffolano. I also wish to thank Mrs. Elizabeth Brooks for secretarial assistance. Finally, thanks are due to Dr. D. Czeschlik and his staff at Springer Verlag for their patience and support. Amherst, MA, October 1991 M. S. KAULENAS V Contents Chapter 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Chapter 2 The Reproductive Elferent Duct Systems and Associated Structures. Development and Genetic Control of Differentiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2. 1 Origin of the Germ Cells and Associated Cells and Tissues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2. 2 Differentiation of the Efferent Duct System and Associated Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2. 2. 1 The Male System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2. 2. 2 The Female System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2. 3 Genetic Control of Sexual Differentiation . . . . . 16 2. 3. 1 Daughterless. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2. 3. 2 Sex Determination: Measurement of the X: A Ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2. 3. 3 Sex Lethal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2. 3. 4 Genes Controlling Somatic Sexual Differentiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2. 3. 5 Dosage Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52634058490129,"sku":"NLS9783642840821","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642840821.jpg?v=1761866680"},{"product_id":"vertebrate-red-blood-cells-book-mikko-nikinmaa-9783642839115","title":"Vertebrate Red Blood Cells","description":"This book reviews the respiratory function of vertebrate red cells. 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This being the case, I have tried to make the reference list as complete as I could with regard to nucleated red cells. I hope that the approach adopted is useful for both com­ parative and human physiologists. Many people have contributed to the making of this book directly or in­ directly. Antti Soivio started me in this field. Prof. Henrik Wallgren has always encouraged fresh scientific ideas in his department. My present ideas of red cell function have been influenced by work carried out with Prof. Roy E.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52650482598161,"sku":"NLS9783642839115","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642839115.jpg?v=1762128092"},{"product_id":"peritrophic-membranes-book-werner-peters-9783642844164","title":"Peritrophic Membranes","description":"Peritrophic membranes are secretion products of the midgut. 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Yet, as already stressed (Hannon and Vogel, 1977), an examination of the literature gives only a sketchy and often conflicting picture of the exact nature of these changes and how they interact as a function of exposure duration. This is partly because of the limited number of variables explored in a given study, but it is also attributable to differences in experimental design, differences among species in susceptibility to hypoxia, nonstandardized experimental conditions, lack of proper control of physical (e. g. , temperature) and physiological variables (e. g. , body mass), failure to take measurements at key periods of exposure, and gaps in knowledge about some fundamental mechanisms. Furthermore the available data on animals native to high altitude are meager and\/or inconclusive. Extensive further work under well-controlled experimental conditions is required before a detailed picture can be made. 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Only one previous author, RICHARDS (1951)hasdevoted a book to arthropod cuticle.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52655777218833,"sku":"NLS9783642809125","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642809125.jpg?v=1762221973"},{"product_id":"ethology-of-predation-book-e-curio-9783642810305","title":"The Ethology of Predation","description":"Predation is an ecological factor of almost universal importance for the biol- ogist who aims at an understanding of the habits and structures of animals. Despite its pervasive nature opinions differ as to what predation really is. So far it has been defined only in negative terms; it is thought not to be par- asitism, the other great process by which one organism harms another, nor filter-feeding, carrion-eating, or browsing. Accordingly, one could define predation as a process by which an animal spends some effort to locate a live prey and, in addition, spends another effort to mutilate or kill it. Ac- cording to this usage of the word a nudibranch, for example, that feeds on hydroids would be a predator inasmuch as it needs some time to locate col- onies of its prey which, after being located, scarcely demand more than eating, which differs little from browsing. From the definition just proposed consumption of the prey following its capture has been intentionally omit- ted. Indeed, an animal may be disposed of without being eaten. Hence the biological significance of predation may be more than to maintain nutrition- al homeostasis. In fact, predation may have something in common with the more direct forms of competition, a facet that will be only cursorily touched upon in this book.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52655777677585,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52655778103569,"sku":"NLS9783642810305","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642810305.jpg?v=1762221990"},{"product_id":"circannual-rhythms-book-eberhard-gwinner-9783642828720","title":"Circannual Rhythms","description":"In addition to the more or less static properties of the environ- ment, plants and animals must cope with its temporal variations. Among the most conspicuous temporal changes to which organisms are exposed are periodic phenomena generated by the rotation of the earth about its axis, its revolution around the sun, and the more complex movements of the moon in relation to both sun and earth. The first two of these astronomical cycles are basic to the familiar daily and annual rhythms, respectively, in the environment. The third generates somewhat more complex cycles, such as those in moonlight and variations in tides. These environmental cycles have provided challenges and opportunities for organisms to adjust their physiology and behavior to them. Indeed, the predictability inherent to these periodic processes has enabled organisms to evolve innate endogenous rhythmic programs that match the environmental cycles and allow, in a variety of different ways, adjustment of biological activities to the cycles of environmental changes. The endogenous nature of rhythmicity was first clearly recognized in the 1930's in daily periodicities, the most widely distributed and best investigated class of biological rhythms of this type. In the 1950's, demonstrations of endogenous tidal and lunar rhythms, which occur in some littoral and marine organisms, ensued. Another decade passed before endogenous annual periodicities were first demonstrated unambiguously.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52655868969233,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52655869264145,"sku":"NLS9783642828720","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642828720.jpg?v=1762222417"},{"product_id":"arctic-life-of-birds-and-mammals-book-l-irving-9783642856570","title":"Arctic Life of Birds and Mammals","description":"After travel through Alaska during the Second World War, in 1947 I went to Barrow with a very lively group of biologists. From their productive research developed the Arctic Research Laboratory. While we examined the rather surpris- ingly modest metabolic rates of arctic warmblooded animals in cold, PER SCHO- LANDER proposed and then carried out measurements of metabolism of some tropi- cal animals in Panama. The differences could be formulated to show the basis of adaptation to arctic cold and to tropical warmth. Imagination and logic were required to formulate the comparison so that it could become a part of science, but the essential measurements were derived from animals and plants in their own arctic and tropical environments. Characteristics that adapt the forms of life to climatic conditions of various environments appear clear in the large dimensions of extremely differing climates. At the time of my arrival in Alaska many of the arctic Eskimos were still largely dependent on natural resources of their immediate and local environment, in which great seasonal changes in temperature and solar radiation appeared as dominant factors. The living environment on which they subsisted was also mar- kedly affected by the changes of the seasons, in particular by the change in state of water to ice that terminated summer and by the melting that brought the late transition from winter to summer.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52671320129809,"sku":"NLS9783642856570","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642856570.jpg?v=1762291987"},{"product_id":"spermatophores-book-t-mann-9783642823107","title":"Spermatophores","description":"Physiology and biochemistry of male reproductive function and semen became the main area of my research in 1944, after my attention was finally diverted frorp. animal cells in general, to mammalian spermatozoa specifically Ever since, the interest has remained largely focussed on reproductive probletns in mammals, the work continuing mostly at the University of Cambridge, where I was privileged to hold also the Marshall- Walton Professorship in Physiology of Reproduction. This work led to the publication of three books, The Biochemistry of Semen (Methuen 1954), The Biochemistry of Semen and of the Male Reproductive Tract (Methuen 1964) and lately, in co- authorship with my wife, Dr. Cecilia Lutwak-Mann, Male Re- productive Function and Semen - Themes and Trends in Phys- iology, Biochemistry and Investigative Andrology (Springer- Verlag 1981). In 1960, thanks to the Lalor Foundation, I was able to avail myself for the first time of a chance to visit the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole and there to take part in a study of reproduction in marine animals. Ever since, first as Visiting Professor of Biology at the State University of Florida, and later as the Walker Ames Professor and frequent visitor to the Department of Zoology at the University of Washington in Seattle, it has been my good fortune to sustain this pew interest and to pursue it further.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52678760956177,"sku":"NLS9783642823107","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642823107.jpg?v=1762308913"}],"url":"https:\/\/www.worldofbooks.com\/collections\/zoophysiology-book-series.oembed?page=2","provider":"World of Books ","version":"1.0","type":"link"}