Many ancient societies commanded an elaborate grasp of the movements of the sun, moon, stars and planets, using little or no technology. They saw the sky as an interconnected realm of the natural and spiritual world. This text brings to light recent studies about three ancient cultures. It surveys findings, and delves into the beliefs and astronomy of the three cultures. The research offers conclusions about the hieroglyphic writing about astronomy, known as the Mayan Code, how the Incan city of Cuzco was built as a vast observatory and why Stonehenge was built.