The relationship between soldiers and civilians in medieval wars is notoriously difficult to determine. Contemporary, usually clerical, commentators condemned the exploitation of an innocent peasantry by a rapacious soldiery - the tyranny of professional warriors over unarmed civilians - while much contemporary chivalric literature treats the civilian dimension as irrelevant to its main matter, the relationships of fighting men-at-arms. This work examinesthe soldier-peasant relationship in the context of the Hundred Years War (1337-1453), bringing out more clearly the realities of the situation. It explores conflicting attitudes - how aristocratic soldiers reconciled the ideals of chivalry with exploitation of non-combatants, what French peasants thought of the soldiers - drawing on the late-medieval literature of chivalry and political commentary in England and France, and the largely unpublished recordsof the French royal chancery to illustrate the ways in which individual peasants and village communities were exploited by soldiers, and how they adjusted to and reacted against their treatment to survive. CONTENTS The Just Warrior . Warlords . The Peasant as Victim . Peasant Resistance: Rebels and Brigands . Peasant Resistance: Communal Defences