{"title":"Applied Logic Series","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"intellectics-and-computational-logic-book-steffen-hlldobler-9780792362616","title":"Intellectics and Computational Logic","description":"`Intellectics' seeks to understand the functions, structure and  operation of the human intellect and to test artificial systems to see  the extent to which they can substitute or complement such functions.  The word itself was introduced in the early 1980s by Wolfgang Bibel to  describe the united fields of artificial intelligence and cognitive  science.    The book collects papers by distinguished researchers, colleagues and  former students of Bibel's, all of whom have worked together with him,  and who present their work to him here to mark his 60th birthday. The  papers discuss significant issues in intellectics and computational  logic, ranging across automated deduction, logic programming, the  logic-based approach to intellectics, cognitive robotics, knowledge  representation and reasoning. Each paper contains new, previously  unpublished, reviewed results. The collection is a state of the art  account of the current capabilities and limitations of a  computational-logic-based approach to intellectics.    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There is an increasing interest in artifIcial intelligence, philosophy, psychol­ ogy, software engineering and linguistics, in the analysis and possible mechanisation of human practical reasoning. Continuing the ancient quest that began with Aristotle, computer scientists, logicians, philosophers and linguists are vigorously seeking to deepen our understanding of human reasoning and argumentation. Significant communities of researchers are actively engaged in developing new approaches to logic and argumentation, which are better suited to the urgent needs of today's applications. The author of this book has, over many years, made significant contributions to the detailed analysis of practical reasoning case studies, thus providing solid foundations for new and more applicable formal logical systems. We welcome Doug Walton's new book to our series.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51141443125521,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51141445910801,"sku":"NIN9780792341000","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52425968386321,"sku":"NLS9780792341000","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0792341007.jpg?v=1751361954"},{"product_id":"fallacies-arising-from-ambiguity-book-douglas-walton-9789048147175","title":"Fallacies Arising from Ambiguity","description":"We are happy to present to the reader the first book of our Applied Logic Series. Walton's book on the fallacies of ambiguity is firmly at the heart of practical reasoning, an important part of applied logic. There is an increasing interest in artifIcial intelligence, philosophy, psychol­ ogy, software engineering and linguistics, in the analysis and possible mechanisation of human practical reasoning. Continuing the ancient quest that began with Aristotle, computer scientists, logicians, philosophers and linguists are vigorously seeking to deepen our understanding of human reasoning and argumentation. Significant communities of researchers are actively engaged in developing new approaches to logic and argumentation, which are better suited to the urgent needs of today's applications. The author of this book has, over many years, made significant contributions to the detailed analysis of practical reasoning case studies, thus providing solid foundations for new and more applicable formal logical systems. 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In 1994 they met at the Conference on Automated Deduction (CADE-12) in Nancy and agreed upon the general point of view, that semantics and, in particular, construction of models should play a central role in the ?eld of automated deduction. In the following years the deduction groups of the laboratory LEIBNIZ at IMAG Grenoble and the University of Technology in Vienna organized several bilateral projects promoting this topic. This book emerged as a main result of this cooperation. The authors are aware of the fact, that the book does not cover all relevant methods of automated model building (also called model construction or model generation); instead the book focuses on deduction-based symbolic methods for the construction of Herbrand models developed in the last 12 years. Other methods of automated model building, in particular also ?nite model building, are mainly treated in the ?nal chapter; this chapter is less formal and detailed but gives a broader view on the topic and a comparison of di?erent approaches. Howtoreadthisbook: In the introduction we give an overview of automated deduction in a historical context, taking into account its relationship with the human views on formal and informal proofs.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52120504336657,"sku":"NLS9781402026522","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9781402026522.jpg?v=1757426020"},{"product_id":"death-of-argument-book-jh-woods-9781402026638","title":"The Death of Argument","description":"The present work is a fair record of work I've done on the fallacies and related matters in the fifteen years since 1986. 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It takes a state-of-the-art look at  multiple-valued and fuzzy set-based logics, in an artificial  intelligence perspective. The papers, all of which are written by  leading contributors in their respective fields, are grouped into four  sections.    The first section presents a panorama of many-valued logics in  connection with fuzzy sets. The second explores algebraic foundations,  with an emphasis on MV algebras. The third is devoted to approximate  reasoning methods and similarity-based reasoning. The fourth explores  connections between fuzzy knowledge representation, especially  possibilistic logic and prioritized knowledge bases.    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Others consider the application of Bayesianism to artificial intelligence, decision theory, statistics and the philosophy of science and mathematics. The volume includes important criticisms of Bayesian reasoning and also gives an insight into some of the points of disagreement amongst advocates of the Bayesian approach. The upshot is a plethora of new problems and directions for Bayesians to pursue.   The book will be of interest to graduate students or researchers who wish to learn more about Bayesianism than can be provided by introductory textbooks to the subject. 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This monograph will be of interest to researchers and graduate students in mathematical logic, theory of computation and philosophical logic with no previous knowledge of the subject of combining and decomposing logics, but with a working knowledge of first-order logic. 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These logical tools turned out to be applicable to both human  beliefs and to the contents of databases. Philosophers, logicians, and  computer scientists have contributed to making this interdisciplinary  field one of the most exciting in the cognitive scientists -  and one that is expanding rapidly.    This, the first textbook in the new area, contains both discursive  chapters with a minimum of formalism and formal chapters in which  proofs and proof methods are presented. Using different selections  from the formal sections, according to the author's detailed advice,  allows the book to be used at all levels of university education. A  supplementary volume contains solutions to the 210 exercises.    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Hao Wang, 1970, quoted from(Wang, 1970). The field of mathematics has been a key application area for automated theorem proving from the start, in fact the very first automatically found the­ orem was that the sum of two even numbers is even (Davis, 1983). The field of automated deduction has witnessed considerable progress and in the last decade, automated deduction methods have made their way into many areas of research and product development in computer science. For instance, deduction systems are increasingly used in software and hardware verification to ensure the correctness of computer hardware and computer programs with respect to a given specification. Logic programming, while still falling somewhat short of its expectations, is now widely used, deduc­ tive databases are well-developed and logic-based description and analysis of hard-and software is commonplace today.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52414612766993,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52414613553425,"sku":"NLS9780792351313","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9780792351313.jpg?v=1758843010"},{"product_id":"goal-directed-proof-theory-book-dov-m-gabbay-9780792364733","title":"Goal-Directed Proof Theory","description":"Goal Directed Proof Theory presents a uniform and  coherent methodology for automated deduction in non-classical logics,  the relevance of which to computer science is now widely acknowledged.  The methodology is based on goal-directed provability. 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Therefore negation plays an important role in selecting logical systems for particular applications. At the moment negation is a 'hot topic', and there is an urgent need for a comprehensive account of this logical key concept. We therefore have asked leading scholars in various branches of logic to contribute to a volume on What is Negation?. The result is the present neatly focused collection of re- search papers bringing together different approaches toward a general characteri- zation of kinds of negation and classifications thereof. The volume is structured into four interrelated thematic parts. Part I is centered around the themes of Models, Relevance and Impossibility. In Chapter 1 (Negation: Two Points of View), Arnon Avron develops two characteri- zations of negation, one semantic the other proof-theoretic. Interestingly and maybe provokingly, under neither of these accounts intuitionistic negation emerges as a genuine negation. J. 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In recent years theoretical advances in these areas and especially in logic have accelerated the study of context in the international community. An annual conference is held and many researchers have come to realise that many of the old puzzles should be reconsidered with proper attention to context. The volume editors and contributors are from among the most active front-line researchers in the area and the contents shows how wide and vigorous this area is. There are strong scientific connections with earlier volumes in the series. I am confident that the appearance of this book in our series will help secure the study of context as an important area of applied logic. D.M.Gabbay INTRODUCTION This book is a result of the First International and Interdisciplinary Con- ference on Modelling and Using Context, which was organised in Rio de Janeiro in January 1997, and contains a selection of the papers presented there, refereed and revised through a process of anonymous peer review. The treatment of contexts as bona-fide objects of logical formalisation has gained wide acceptance in recent years, following the seminal impetus by McCarthy in his 'lUring award address.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52424858435857,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52424859025681,"sku":"NLS9780792363507","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9780792363507.jpg?v=1759153131"},{"product_id":"frontiers-in-belief-revision-book-m-williams-9780792370215","title":"Frontiers in Belief Revision","description":"Frontiers in Belief Revision is a unique collection of  leading edge research in Belief Revision. It contains the latest  innovative ideas of highly respected and pioneering experts in the  area, including Isaac Levi, Krister Segerberg, Sven Ove Hansson,  Didier Dubois, and Henri Prade. The book addresses foundational issues  of inductive reasoning and minimal change, generalizations of the  standard belief revision theories, strategies for iterated revisions,  probabilistic beliefs, multiagent environments and a variety of data  structures and mechanisms for implementations. This book is suitable  for students and researchers interested in knowledge representation  and in the state of the art of the theory and practice of belief  revision.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52424935244049,"sku":"NLS9780792370215","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":53403476066577,"sku":"NIN9780792370215","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9780792370215.jpg?v=1759153359"},{"product_id":"textbook-of-belief-dynamics-book-sven-ove-hansson-9780792353249","title":"A Textbook of Belief Dynamics","description":"The mid-1980s saw the discovery of logical tools that make it  possible to model changes in belief and knowledge in entirely new  ways. These logical tools turned out to be applicable to both human  beliefs and to the contents of databases. Philosophers, logicians, and  computer scientists have contributed to making this interdisciplinary  field one of the most exciting in the cognitive scientists -  and one that is expanding rapidly.    This, the first textbook in the new area, contains both discursive  chapters with a minimum of formalism and formal chapters in which  proofs and proof methods are presented. Using different selections  from the formal sections, according to the author's detailed advice,  allows the book to be used at all levels of university education. A  supplementary volume contains solutions to the 210 exercises.    The volume's unique, comprehensive coverage means that it can also be  used by specialists in the field of belief dynamics and related areas,  such as non-monotonic reasoning and knowledge representation.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52424941895953,"sku":"NLS9780792353249","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":53558367322385,"sku":"NIN9780792353249","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9780792353249.jpg?v=1759153377"},{"product_id":"analysis-and-synthesis-of-logics-book-walter-carnielli-9789048177257","title":"Analysis and Synthesis of Logics","description":"Starting with simple examples showing the relevance of cutting and pasting logics, the monograph develops a mathematical theory of combining and decomposing logics, ranging from propositional and first-order based logics to higher-order based logics as well as to non-truth functional logics. The theory covers mechanisms for combining semantic structures and deductive systems either of the same or different nature (for instance, two Hilbert calculi or a Hilbert calculus and a tableau calculus). The important issue of preservation of properties is extensively addressed. For instance, sufficient conditions are provided for a combined logic to be sound and complete when the original component logics are known to be sound and complete.   The book brings the reader to the front line of current research in the field by showing both recent achievements and directions of future investigations (in particular, multiple open problems). It also provides examples of potential applications in emergent fields like security protocols, quantum computing, networks and argumentation theory, besides discussing more classical applications like software specification, knowledge representation, computational linguistics and modular automated reasoning.   This monograph will be of interest to researchers and graduate students in mathematical logic, theory of computation and philosophical logic with no previous knowledge of the subject of combining and decomposing logics, but with a working knowledge of first-order logic. 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G. de Bruijn was a well established mathematician before deciding in 1967 at the age of 49 to work on a new direction related to Automating Mathematics. By then, his contributions in mathematics were numerous and extremely influential. His book on advanced asymptotic methods, North- Holland 1958, was a classic and was subsequently turned into a book in the well known Dover book series. His work on combinatorics yielded influential notions and theorems of which we mention the de Bruijn-sequences of 1946 and the de Bruijn-Erdos theorem of 1948. De Bruijn's contributions to mathematics also included his work on generalized function theory, analytic number theory, optimal control, quasicrystals, the mathematical analysis of games and much more. In the 1960s de Bruijn became fascinated by the new computer technology and as a result, decided to start the new AUTOMATH project where he could check, with the help of the computer, the correctness of books of mathematics. In each area that de Bruijn approached, he shed a new light and was known for his originality and for making deep intellectual contributions. And when it came to automating mathematics, he again did it his way and introduced the highly influential AUTOMATH. 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New logics were developed as the need arose and new foci and balance has evolved within logic itself. One aspect of these new trends in logic is the rising impor­ tance of model based reasoning. Logics have become more and more tailored to applications and their reasoning has become more and more application dependent. In fact, some years ago, I myself coined the phrase \"direct deductive reasoning in application areas\", advocating the methodology of model-based reasoning in the strongest possible terms. Certainly my discipline of Labelled Deductive Systems allows to bring \"pieces\" of the application areas as \"labels\" into the logic. I therefore heartily welcome this important book to Volume 25 of the Applied Logic Series and see it as an important contribution in our overall coverage of applied logic.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52425949970705,"sku":"NLS9781402007125","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":53495280042257,"sku":"NIN9781402007125","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9781402007125.jpg?v=1759156256"},{"product_id":"logic-language-and-computation-book-s-akama-9780792343769","title":"Logic, Language and Computation","description":"The editors of the Applied Logic Series are happy to present to the reader the fifth volume in the series, a collection of papers on Logic, Language and Computation. One very striking feature of the application of logic to language and to computation is that it requires the combination, the integration and the use of many diverse systems and methodologies - all in the same single application. The papers in this volume will give the reader a glimpse into the problems of this active frontier of logic. The Editors CONTENTS Preface IX 1. S. AKAMA Recent Issues in Logic, Language and Computation 1 2. M. J. CRESWEL Restricted Quantification 27 3. B. H. SLATER The Epsilon Calculus' Problematic 39 4. K. VON HEUSINGER Definite Descriptions and Choice Functions 61 5. N. ASHER Spatio-Temporal Structure in Text 93 6. Y. NAKAYAMA DRT and Many-Valued Logics 131 7. S. AKAMA On Constructive Modality 143 8. H. W ANSING Displaying as Temporalizing: Sequent Systems for Subintuitionistic Logics 159 9. L. FARINAS DEL CERO AND V. LUGARDON 179 Quantification and Dependence Logics 10. R. SYLVAN Relevant Conditionals, and Relevant Application Thereof 191 Index 245 Preface This is a collection of papers by distinguished researchers on Logic, Lin guistics, Philosophy and Computer Science. The aim of this book is to address a broad picture of the recent research on related areas. In particular, the contributions focus on natural language semantics and non-classical logics from different viewpoints.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52427484463377,"sku":"NLS9780792343769","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":53558367289617,"sku":"NIN9780792343769","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9780792343769.jpg?v=1759161140"},{"product_id":"semantics-and-proof-theory-of-the-logic-of-bunched-implications-book-david-j-pym-9781402007453","title":"The Semantics and Proof Theory of the Logic of Bunched Implications","description":"This is a monograph about logic. Specifically, it presents the mathe- matical theory of the logic of bunched implications, BI: I consider Bl's proof theory, model theory and computation theory. However, the mono- graph is also about informatics in a sense which I explain. Specifically, it is about mathematical models of resources and logics for reasoning about resources. I begin with an introduction which presents my (background) view of logic from the point of view of informatics, paying particular attention to three logical topics which have arisen from the development of logic within informatics: - Resources as a basis for semantics; - Proof-search as a basis for reasoning; and - The theory of representation of object-logics in a meta-logic. The ensuing development represents a logical theory which draws upon the mathematical, philosophical and computational aspects of logic. Part I presents the logical theory of propositional BI, together with a computational interpretation. Part I presents a corresponding devel- opment for predicate BI. In both parts, I develop proof-, model- and type-theoretic analyses. I also provide semantically-motivated compu- tational perspectives, so beginning a mathematical theory of resources. 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Presumably, such inferences are not generated by explicit logical reasoning, but logical methods can be used to describe and analyze such inferences.    Part 1 gives a purely system-theoretic explication of belief and inference. Part 2 adds a reliabilist theory of justification for inference, with a qualitative notion of reliability being employed. Part 3 recalls and extends various systems of deductive and nonmonotonic logic and thereby explains the semantics of absolute and high reliability. In Part 4 it is proven that qualitative neural networks are able to draw justified deductive and nonmonotonic inferences on the basis of distributed representations. This is derived from a soundness\/completeness theorem with regard to cognitive semantics of nonmonotonic reasoning. The appendix extends the theory both logically and ontologically, and relates it to A. 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In consequence the emphasis of the  volumes is not on the presentation of the theoretical foundations of  logical deduction as such, as in a handbook; rather the books present  the concepts and methods now available in automated deduction in a  form which can be easily accessed by scientists working in  applications outside of the field of deduction. This reflects the  strong conviction that automated deduction is on the verge of being  fully included in the evolution of technology.    Volume I focuses on basic research in deduction and on the knowledge  on which modern deductive systems are based. Volume II presents  techniques of implementation and details about system building. Volume  III deals with applications of deductive techniques mainly, but not  exclusively, to mathematics and the verification of software.    Each chapter was read by two referees, one an international expert  from abroad and the other a knowledgeable participant in the national  project. 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In the present book we demonstrate that hybrid-logical proof-theory remedies these deficiencies by giving a spectrum of well-behaved proof systems (natural deduction, Gentzen, tableau, and axiom systems) for a spectrum of different hybrid logics (propositional, first-order, intensional first-order, and intuitionistic).","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52476611592465,"sku":"NLS9789400700017","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9789400700017.jpg?v=1759844330"},{"product_id":"automated-deduction-a-basis-for-applications-volume-i-foundations-calculi-and-me-book-wolfgang-bibel-9789048150526","title":"Automated Deduction - A Basis for Applications Volume I Foundations - Calculi and Methods Volume II Systems and Implementation Techniques Volume III Applications","description":"We are invited to deal with mathematical activity in a sys­ tematic way [ ... ] one does expect and look for pleasant surprises in this requirement of a novel combination of psy­ chology, logic, mathematics and technology. 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