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By 1924, the Armenians, Assyrians, and Greeks, once nearly a quarter of the population, had been reduced to 2 percent. Most historians have treated these waves as distinct, isolated events, and successive Turkish governments presented them as an unfortunate sequence of accidents. The Thirty-Year Genocide is the first account to show that all three were actually part of a single, continuing, and intentional effort to wipe out Anatolia’s Christian population. Despite the dramatic swing from the Islamizing autocracy of the sultan to the secularizing republicanism of the post–World War I period, the nation’s annihilationist policies were remarkably constant, with continual recourse to premeditated mass killing, homicidal deportation, forced conversion, and mass rape. And one thing more was a constant: the rallying cry of jihad. While not justified under the teachings of Islam, the killing of two million Christians was effected through the calculated exhortation of the Turks to create a pure Muslim nation.  “A subtle diagnosis of why, at particular moments over a span of three decades, Ottoman rulers and their successors unleashed torrents of suffering.” —Bruce Clark, New York Times Book Review","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49740225806609,"sku":"NGR9780674251434","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":49916129837329,"sku":"CIN0674251431VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ WELL_READ \/ SBYB","offer_id":50355221627153,"sku":"CIN0674251431A","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":51136876249361,"sku":"GOR012444591","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52995954901265,"sku":"NIN9780674251434","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":53477111005457,"sku":"GOR011909423","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":53497674629393,"sku":"CIN0674251431G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0674251431.jpg?v=1751231839"},{"product_id":"sidney-reilly-book-benny-morris-9780300248265","title":"Sidney Reilly","description":"A revealing biography of Sidney Reilly, the early twentieth-century virtuoso of espionage","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49744492396817,"sku":"NGR9780300248265","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49880948441361,"sku":"GOR012984790","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50262462562577,"sku":"CIN0300248261G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":50496025559313,"sku":"GOR013972766","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0300248261.jpg?v=1750974559"},{"product_id":"righteous-victims-book-benny-morris-9780679744757","title":"Righteous Victims","description":"A \u003cb\u003eNew York Times\u003c\/b\u003e Notable Book\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e At a time when the Middle East has come closer to achieving peace than ever before, eminent Israeli historian Benny Morris explodes the myths cherished by both sides to present an epic history of Zionist-Arab relations over the past 120 years.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e Tracing the roots of political Zionism back to the pogroms of Russia and the Dreyfus Affair, Morris describes the gradual influx of Jewish settlers into Palestine and the impact they had on the Arab population. 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Studded with illuminating portraits of the major protagonists, \u003cb\u003eRighteous Victims\u003c\/b\u003e provides an authoritative record of the middle east and its continuing struggle toward peace.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":49759394136337,"sku":"CIN0679744754G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":49936802054417,"sku":"CIN0679744754VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51005452058897,"sku":"NIN9780679744757","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":51825224024337,"sku":"NGR9780679744757","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0679744754.jpg?v=1751393679"},{"product_id":"birth-of-the-palestinian-refugee-problem-revisited-book-benny-morris-9780521009676","title":"The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited","description":"Benny Morris' The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem was published in 1988. 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This is a riveting account of the military engagements and it also focuses on the war's political dimensions. Benny Morris probes the motives and aims of the protagonists on the basis of newly opened Israeli and Western documentation. The Arab side, where the archives are still closed, is illuminated with the help of intelligence and diplomatic materials.Morris stresses the jihadi character of the two-stage Arab assault on the Jewish community in Palestine. Throughout, he examines the dialectic between the war's military and political developments and highlights the military impetus in the creation of the refugee problem, which was a by-product of the disintegration of Palestinian Arab society. The book thoroughly investigates the role of the Great Powers - Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union - in shaping the conflict and its tentative termination in 1949. Morris looks both at high politics and general staff decision-making processes and at the nitty-gritty of combat in the successive battles that resulted in the emergence of the State of Israel and the humiliation of the Arab world, a humiliation that underlines the continued Arab antagonism toward Israel.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":49989325324561,"sku":"CIN0300126964G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":50188511019281,"sku":"GOR004484708","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":51422742774033,"sku":"CIN0300126964VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ LIKE_NEW \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":51870976704785,"sku":"GOR008557790","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0300126964.jpg?v=1751133818"},{"product_id":"thirty-year-genocide-book-benny-morris-9780674916456","title":"The Thirty-Year Genocide","description":"From 1894 to 1924 three waves of violence swept across Anatolia, targeting the regions Christian minorities. 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As well as an analysis of Glubb's personal vision of the Middle East and its peoples - a surprisingly racial vision that would condition his politics - this book examines his reactions to the Arab Revolt in Palestine and the periodic plans to partition Palestine and establish a Jewish state. It offers an in-depth account of his thinking and actions during 1948, as he led his small army into Palestine and war against Israel.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":50451609223441,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50451610468625,"sku":"CIN1860648126G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1860648126.jpg?v=1751123449"},{"product_id":"israel-s-border-wars-1949-1956-book-morris-lord-of-manchester-9780198292623","title":"Israel's Border Wars, 1949-1956","description":"This book looks at the development of Israeli-Arab relations during the formative years 1949 to 1956, focusing on Arab infiltration into Israel and Israeli retaliation. Palestinian refugee raiding and cross-border attacks by Egyptian-controlled irregulars and commandos were a core phenomenon during this period and one of the chief causes of Israel's invasion of Sinai and the Gaza strip, the Israeli part of the Anglo-French-Israeli invasion of Egypt in 1956.  Benny Morris probes the types of Arab infiltration and the attitude of Arab governments towards the phenomenon, and traces the evolution of Israel's defensive and offensive responses. He analyses Israeli decision-making processes, including the emergence and ultimate failure of Foreign Minister Moshe Sharett's dissident policy of moderation and describes in detail the history of the Arab infiltration, including the terrorist-guerrilla raids by state-organized Fedayeen in 1955-6, and of the IDF raids of Qibya, Nahhalin, Kinneret, and the Sabha.  This was a precedent-setting period in the making of Israeli defence policy, and this pattern of raiding and counter-raiding served to define Israeli-Arab relations during the subsequent three to four decades. In this pioneering study Benny Morris deepens our understanding of the current situation in the Middle East and of the prospects for a lasting peace there.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":50999979737361,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":50999982981393,"sku":"NIN9780198292623","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":51915619959057,"sku":"CIN0198292627VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52124356116753,"sku":"NLS9780198292623","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0198292627.jpg?v=1776938141"},{"product_id":"1948-and-after-book-benny-morris-9780198279297","title":"1948 and After","description":"In this authoritative collection of essays Benny Morris examines and elucidates aspects of the Arab exodus from Palestine in 1948, focusing on Israeli decision-making and the causes of the mass exile.  New to the paperback:  Two chapters, `The New Historiography: Israel and its Past' and `The Transfer of Al Majdal's Remaining Arabs to Gaza, 1950' have been expanded and an entirely new chapter, `Yosef Nahmani and the Arab Question in 1948' has been added for this new paperback edition.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":50999987142929,"sku":"NIN9780198279297","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":51355261501713,"sku":"GOR007820697","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52126522507537,"sku":"NLS9780198279297","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0198279299.jpg?v=1750843134"},{"product_id":"birth-of-the-palestinian-refugee-problem-revisited-book-benny-morris-9780521811200","title":"The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited","description":"Benny Morris' The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem was published in 1988. 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The refugees now number four million and their existence remains a major obstacle to peace.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51003253031185,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51003256045841,"sku":"NIN9780521811200","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52128136790289,"sku":"NLS9780521811200","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0521811201.jpg?v=1751198049"},{"product_id":"one-state-two-states-book-benny-morris-9780300122817","title":"One State, Two States","description":"'What is so striking about Morris' work as a historian is that it does not flatter anyone's prejudices, least of all his own', David Remnick remarked in a New Yorker article that coincided with the publication of Benny Morris' \"1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War\". With the same commitment to objectivity that has consistently characterized his approach, Morris now turns his attention to the present-day legacy of the events of 1948 and the concrete options for the future of Palestine and Israel.The book scrutinizes the history of the goals of the Palestinian national movement and the Zionist movement, then considers the various one- and two-state proposals made by different streams within the two movements. It also looks at the willingness or unwillingness of each movement to find an accommodation based on compromise. Morris assesses the viability and practicality of proposed solutions in the light of complicated and acrimonious realities. Throughout his groundbreaking career, Morris has reshaped understanding of the Israeli-Arab conflict. Here, once again, he arrives at a new way of thinking about the discord, injecting a ray of hope in a region where it is most sorely needed.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":51096270536977,"sku":"CIN0300122810VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":51168922403089,"sku":"CIN0300122810G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0300122810.jpg?v=1751005767"},{"product_id":"birth-of-the-palestinian-refugee-problem-19471949-book-benny-morris-9780521330282","title":"The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem, 19471949","description":"This book is the first full-length study of the birth of the Palestinian refugee problem. 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