{"title":"Bernard M Hoekman","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"political-economy-of-the-world-trading-system-book-bernard-m-hoekman-9780198294313","title":"The Political Economy of the World Trading System","description":"The creation of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995 ushered in a new era in world trading arrangements. Building on the General Agreement on Trades and Tariffs (GATT), the intergovernmental treaty that for 50 years had regulated international trade relations, the WTO is a global organization of equal standing to the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, and will set the agenda for international trade for decades to come. The authors of this volume were heavily involved in the Uruguay Round of GATT negotiations that laid the foundations for the creation of the WTO, and were ideally placed to see how the politics of negotiation affects the economics of trade. The Political Economy of the World Trading System is the first comprehensive and accessible introduction to the institutional mechanics, economics, and politics of the global trading networks. It goes beyond description of the rules of the WTO to analyse the political and economic forces that sculpted them, the incentives for countries to abide by them, and the likely future direction of the organization. The authors show how governments are not necessarily the social welfare-maximizing entities often found in textbooks, but instead develop policy subject to the pressures of a variety of interest groups. Although economic theory suggests that countries should pursue liberal trade policies and exchange goods and services on the basis of their comparative advantage, in practice most nations actively intervene in international trade. The political economy approach taken in this volume explains how the WTO functions, why GATT has been very successful in reducing tariffs, and why it has proven much more difficult to expand the reach of multilateral disciplines to domestic policies impacting on trade. This book will increase the reader's understanding of international economics, business, and international relations by supplying in-depth insider knowledge of how trade negotiations take place, how this decision-making affects trade policy, and how the multilateral arrangements that shape world trade are created. This information is crucial to understand why WTO rules are phrased as they are, and to understand the processes by which business organizations, industrial associations, and political lobbies influence the multilateral trading system. In this expanded and thoroughly revised edition, the authors have taken account of the recent developments in international trade relations, included an extra chapter on the historical importance of international trading arrangements, and updated all the references and guides to further reading.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49601042415889,"sku":"GOR001745200","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ WELL_READ \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49652487160081,"sku":"GOR010176305","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/019829431X.jpg?v=1751036953"},{"product_id":"world-trade-organization-wto-book-bernard-m-hoekman-9780415414593","title":"The World Trade Organization (WTO)","description":"The World Trade Organization (WTO) is one of the most important international organizations in existence today. It contains a set of disciplines that affect the ability of governments to impose trade restrictions, and has helped to support the steady expansion of international trade since the 1950s. It is a unique organization in providing a framework for member states to make binding policy commitments that are enforced through a unique dispute settlement system and a variety of transparency mechanisms. Despite - or because of - its success, the WTO has recently become the focus of vociferous protests by anti-globalization activists. This book separates the facts from the propaganda and provides an accessible overview of the WTO's history, structure and policies as well as a discussion of the future of the organization. It also confronts the criticisms of the WTO and assesses their validity.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49607745143057,"sku":"GOR008553146","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0415414598.jpg?v=1750878403"},{"product_id":"turkey-book-bernard-m-hoekman-9780821359327","title":"Turkey","description":"After pursuing inward oriented development strategies for fifty years Turkey switched over to outward oriented policies in 1980. The policy of further opening up the economy was pursued with the aim of integrating into the EU. On March 6, 1995 it was agreed at the Association Council meeting in Brussels that a customs union would be created between Turkey and the EU starting January 1, 1996. Seven years have passed since then. What requirements must Turkey - the largest country among the candidate and accession countries - meet to join the European Union? And how far along is it towards meeting them? This timely volume analyzes the economic aspects of Turkish accession, emphasizing problems related to joining the single market, adopting the Acquis Communautaire, and meeting the Maastricht criteria for fiscal, monetary, and exchange rate policy. With contributions from leading scholars and policymakers, Turkey: Towards EU Accession provides an insightful assessment of the country's national program, the progress that has been made to date, and the likely consequences of Turkey's implementing the full body of EU requirements.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49648459776273,"sku":"GOR012567913","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0821359320.jpg?v=1763477733"},{"product_id":"political-economy-of-the-world-trading-system-book-bernard-m-hoekman-9780199553778","title":"The Political Economy of the World Trading System","description":"The Political Economy of the World Trading System is a comprehensive textbook account of the economics, institutional mechanics and politics of the world trading system. This third edition has been expanded and updated to cover developments in the World Trade Organisation (WTO) since its formation, including the Doha Round, presenting the essentials of trade negotiations and the WTO's rules and disciplines.  The authors focus in particular on the WTO's role as the primary organisation through which trading nations manage their commercial interactions and the focal point for cooperation on policy responses to the rapidly changing global trading environment. It is the forum in which many features of the globalisation process are considered, and it currently faces an unprecedented set of challenges. The increasing importance of countries in Asia, Latin America and Africa in international trade relations, the revealed preference towards regionalism, intensification of trade conflicts, the role of business groups and NGOs in trade policy formation and negotiations, and pressures for more leadership in an institution threatened by paralysis are examples of issues that are discussed in some detail; all are critical for the operation of the system and for international business in the coming decade. This edition also includes numerous real-world examples to illustrate how the WTO impinges on business, workers and households, written from the perspective of managers and business associations.   An insider's view of the institutional history of the WTO allows the authors to use a variety of conceptual tools to analyse the working of the WTO in a non-technical manner. Suggestions for Further Reading at the end of each chapter and an extensive bibliography make the volume suitable both for introductory and postgraduate courses on international economics and business, international relations, and international economic law.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49662776639761,"sku":"GOR007431388","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50485386641681,"sku":"CIN0199553777G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":50993451794705,"sku":"GOR013533736","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":53105066574097,"sku":"CIN0199553777VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0199553777.jpg?v=1751164592"},{"product_id":"political-economy-of-the-world-trading-system-book-bernard-m-hoekman-9780198290179","title":"The Political Economy of the World Trading System","description":"The World Trade Organization (WTO) is likely to be a major international organization for the foreseeable future. This volume surveys the WTO and GATT from the viewpoint of public choice and political economy, detailing the mechanics of the multilateral trading system that emerged from the Uruguay round of GATT. The authors, who were involved in the negotiations of the Uruguay talks, explain why WTO rules are phrased the way they are, the successes and failures of WTO and GATT, and how business, industrial associations and political lobbies influence the multilateral trading system.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50346384097553,"sku":"CIN0198290179G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0198290179.jpg?v=1750812730"},{"product_id":"world-trade-organization-wto-book-bernard-m-hoekman-9781138823150","title":"World Trade Organization (WTO)","description":"The World Trade Organization (WTO) is one of the most important international organizations in existence today. 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New to the second edition:         discussion of legislative amendments to the WTO Agreement, in particular Aid for Trade, the Agreement on Trade Facilitation and the Bali Package       evaluation of case law developments and major disputes since 2007, including analysis of the WTO and the financial crisis – in particular the trade policy responses of WTO Members and institutional response       reflection on recent shifts to mega-regional agreements (TPP, TISA, TTIP) and their implications       what next post Bali?  Fully updated throughout, this book continues to be essential reading for students of international trade, international political economy, commercial law and international organizations as well as activists and others interested in a balanced account of a key global institution.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":50880768508177,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":50880768672017,"sku":"GOR008903492","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":51747270656273,"sku":"CIN1138823155G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ LIKE_NEW \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":51875860218129,"sku":"GOR014440364","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52616629256465,"sku":"NLS9781138823150","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52747045175569,"sku":"NIN9781138823150","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1138823155.jpg?v=1751443091"},{"product_id":"political-economy-of-the-world-trading-system-book-bernard-m-hoekman-9780199553761","title":"The Political Economy of the World Trading System","description":"The Political Economy of the World Trading System is a comprehensive textbook account of the economics, institutional mechanics and politics of the world trading system. 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This new volume, edited by Bernard M. Hoekman and Ernesto Zedillo, assesses the relevance of the WTO in the context of the rise of China and the United States' turn toward unilateral protectionism. The contributors adopt a historical perspective to discuss changes in global trade policy trends, adducing lessons from the past to help understand current trade tensions. Topics include responses to U.S. protectionism under the Trump administration, the policy dimensions of trade in services and the rise of the digital economy, how to strengthen the WTO to better negotiate new rules of the game and adjudicate disputes, managing China's integration into the global trade system, and the implications of global value chains for economic development policies. 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