{"title":"Shulamith Shahar","description":"\u003cp\u003eExplore the insightful world of Shulamith Shahar, a renowned historian delving into childhood, family, and gender in medieval Europe. 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She draws a cohesive picture of women in a range of situations: nuns, married women, peasants and noblewomen, townswomen and women involved in heretical movements and witchcraft.   The Fourth Estate has become a classic in the study of women in the Middle Ages, and with a new introduction including new developments, this revised edition will keep its status as an invaluable student resource.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49587319472401,"sku":"GOR002728094","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":53613572456721,"sku":"CIN041504605XG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/041504605X.jpg?v=1751071775"},{"product_id":"growing-old-in-the-middle-ages-book-shulamith-shahar-9780415333603","title":"Growing Old in the Middle Ages","description":"The social realities of old age have undergone profound changes since the middle ages. This study shows, however, that the images, attitudes and expectations of old people have changed for less.  Shulamith Shahar shows how the status and social participation of the elderly varied according to gender, social stratum, economic resources, position, level of functioning, and personality, as well as according to regional custom.  The book offers a broad cultural history of old age in medieval western Europe. Shahar examines the images, attitudes and advocated norms used in relation to the elderly and looks at the elderly in various social strata: churchmen and nuns, rulers, small office holders and soldiers, town dwellers and peasants.  A valuable insight into life and society in the Middle Ages, this will prove an invaluable addition to history reading lists.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":50175150653713,"sku":"GOR013110256","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52521687187729,"sku":"NLS9780415333603","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0415333601.jpg?v=1751324772"},{"product_id":"fourth-estate-book-shulamith-shahar-9780415308519","title":"The Fourth Estate","description":"Did women really constitute a 'fourth estate' in medieval society and, if so, in what sense? 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A valuable insight into life and society in the Middle Ages, this will prove an invaluable addition to history reading lists.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51700556529937,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":51700557578513,"sku":"GOR007462489","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":53135335063825,"sku":"GOR014765605","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0415141265.jpg?v=1751431830"},{"product_id":"women-in-a-medieval-heretical-sect-book-shulamith-shahar-9780851158150","title":"Women in a Medieval Heretical Sect","description":"Women Waldensians have been almost written out of studies of the heretical sect, but are here shown to have played a full role within it, regardless of gender.  Agnes and Huguette were two Waldensian women who were interrogated by the inquisitional court of Pamiers, in southern France, in 1319 and subsequently burnt at the stake for their heretical beliefs. Shahar uses the records of their inquisition as a basis for an examination of the Waldensian sect's attitude towards its women members, and their role within the sect, comparing their lives with women in the Catholic church and in other sects. She finds that ina persecuted voluntary group such as the Waldensians, gender was largely immaterial, subordinate to the fervent religious commitment of the members; nor did the court of inquisition distinguish between male and female, subjectingheretics of either sex to the same horrible punishment.  This is the first book-length treatment of women Waldensians, who have been almost written out of studies of the sect, but are here shown to have played a full role within it. 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