{"title":"William A Rugh","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"american-encounters-with-arabs-book-william-a-rugh-9780275988173","title":"American Encounters with Arabs","description":"For sixty years, U.S. government officials have conducted public diplomacy programs to try to reach Arab public opinion—to inform, educate, and understand Arab attitudes. American public affairs officers have met serious challenges in the past, but Arab public criticism of the United States has reached unprecedented levels since September 11, 2001. Polls show that much of the negative opinion of the United States, especially in the Middle East, can be traced to dissatisfaction with U.S. foreign policy. Rugh, a retired career Foreign Service officer who twice served as ambassador to countries in the region, explains how U.S. government officials have dealt with key problem issues over the years, and he recommends ways that public diplomacy can better support and enhance U.S. national interests in the Middle East. This struggle for the hearts and minds of the Arab world, so crucial to the success of American efforts in post-occupation Iraq, is carried out through broadcasting, cultural contacts, and educational and professional exchanges.    Rugh describes the difference between public diplomacy and propaganda. He points out that public diplomacy uses open means of communication and is truthful. Its four main components are explaining U.S. foreign policy to foreign publics; presenting them with a fair and balanced picture of American society, culture, and institutions; promoting mutual understanding; and advising U.S. policy makers on foreign attitudes. Public diplomacy supports the traditional diplomatic functions of official business between governments. Whereas diplomats from the United States deal with diplomats of foreign governments, public affairs officers deal with opinion leaders such as media editors, reporters, academics, student leaders, and prominent intellectuals and cultural personalities. Rugh provides an up-close-and-personal look at how public affairs officers do their jobs, how they used innovation in their efforts to meet the challenges of the past, and how they continue to do so in the post-September 11 era.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50346540073233,"sku":"CIN0275988171VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52150918283537,"sku":"NLS9780275988173","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0275988171.jpg?v=1751464180"},{"product_id":"frontline-diplomacy-book-william-a-rugh-9781637236055","title":"Frontline Diplomacy","description":"\u003cp\u003eWritten by my grandfather, Marion Gray, in 1925, never published. Given to my mom after his death in 1971, she passed it to me in 1981. It is a coming of age story in NW Illinois of Marion Gray's 1916 senior year of high school. Working six months after at the local Five and Ten store, then wandered and worked thinking about his girl, and whether to join the war. He enlists and selects aviation. He describes being in Army camps in Missouri, Texas, and Tennessee awaiting an aviation pilot slot. Finally in late 1917 he accepts a volunteer spot to go to France as a medic; called Sanitary Detachment then.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMarion describes crossing the Atlantic w\/ destroyer escort, into France. There he marches places, rides rough train cars, gets shelled, watches planes fight, into the battle of Verdun. At the front and behind lines, he describes funny times and sad.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, he returns home, goes to work again for the Five and Ten as a manager in Wisconsin stores, ultimately gets married, and ends in 1923.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMarion's grandson and co-author, Don, typed in the 94 year old manuscript in 2021, editing some, scanned the postcards. In the book he describes sewing on his division patch, I have the jacket he wore, with his sewed on Blue \u0026amp; Gray division patch from 1918.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51041464484113,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51041467793681,"sku":"NIN9781637236055","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1637236050.jpg?v=1750763288"},{"product_id":"frontline-diplomacy-book-william-a-rugh-9781637239407","title":"Frontline Diplomacy","description":null,"brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51290970030353,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51290972225809,"sku":"NIN9781637239407","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1637239408.jpg?v=1750960116"},{"product_id":"arab-mass-media-book-william-a-rugh-9780313361623","title":"Arab Mass Media","description":"Since September 11, 2001, and the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, many television viewers in the United States have become familiar with Al Jazeera as offering an alternative take on events from that presented by mainstream U.S. media, as well as disseminating anti-American invective. Westerners have tended toward simplistic views of Arab newspapers, radio, and television, assuming that they are all under government control and that freedom of press is non-existent. William A. Rugh, a long time observer of the Arab mass media, offers a more nuanced picture of the Arab press as it relates to the political situation in the Arab world today.  Although governmental influence over the media is stronger in the Middle East than in Europe or the United States, Rugh argues that there is more diversity in the Arab media than most people in the West realize. In reality, the Arab media are coming to reflect the diversity and wide range of opinions of those within the Arab world itself. In particular, the advent of privately owned Arab satellite television in the 1990s has led to significant liberalization of the media throughout the region. Rugh concludes that a democracy of ideas and voices is slowly growing in the Arab world, and he remains guardedly optimistic about the positive role the Arab media can play in processes of democratization and nation-building.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52151790108945,"sku":"NLS9780313361623","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9780313361623.jpg?v=1757614529"},{"product_id":"arab-mass-media-book-william-a-rugh-9780275982126","title":"Arab Mass Media","description":"Since September 11, 2001, and the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, many television viewers in the United States have become familiar with Al Jazeera as offering an alternative take on events from that presented by mainstream U.S. media, as well as disseminating anti-American invective. Westerners have tended toward simplistic views of Arab newspapers, radio, and television, assuming that they are all under government control and that freedom of press is non-existent. William A. Rugh, a long time observer of the Arab mass media, offers a more nuanced picture of the Arab press as it relates to the political situation in the Arab world today.    Although governmental influence over the media is stronger in the Middle East than in Europe or the United States, Rugh argues that there is more diversity in the Arab media than most people in the West realize. In reality, the Arab media are coming to reflect the diversity and wide range of opinions of those within the Arab world itself. In particular, the advent of privately owned Arab satellite television in the 1990s has led to significant liberalization of the media throughout the region. Rugh concludes that a democracy of ideas and voices is slowly growing in the Arab world, and he remains guardedly optimistic about the positive role the Arab media can play in processes of democratization and nation-building.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52476506898705,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52476507914513,"sku":"NLS9780275982126","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9780275982126.jpg?v=1759844172"}],"url":"https:\/\/www.worldofbooks.com\/en-gb\/collections\/author-books-by-william-a-rugh.oembed","provider":"World of Books ","version":"1.0","type":"link"}