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Many of the survivors from the late nineteenth century have been extensively restored and renovated and it can remain a special experience to visit one.Battle panoramas were highly regarded in Britain, bringing together art, patriotism and mass entertainment in ways that reinforced Britain's expanding global presence. Those displayed by Robert Barker, Henry Aston Barker, and Robert Burford at the celebrated Leicester Square rotunda between 1800 and 1863 included such subjects as the battles of Waterloo (1815) and Sobraon (1846), and the siege of Sebastopol (1854-55). The rival rotunda in Spring Gardens displayed the memorable canvasses of the Scottish artist, Robert Ker Porter, including the storming of Seringapatam (1799) and the battle of Alexandria (1801). During the substantial revival of interest in the last quarter of the nineteenth century, panoramas were devoted to such battles as Balaclava (1854), Tel-el-Kebir (1882), and Omdurman (1898). Throughout the nineteenth century, there were also 'moving' panoramas - series of scenes wound between rollers - covering colonial engagements from Africa to India and touring provincial cities and towns. Panorama al-fresco were outdoor extravaganza incorporating painted backdrops, actors and pyrotechnics at venues such as the Royal Surrey Gardens and Belle Vue in Manchester. All these artistic forms and the reaction to them on the part of art critics, veterans and the wider public are fully described in this unique contribution to the story of British military art.Drawing upon extensive primary research, this book explores the forgotten history of British military panoramas.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49506283520273,"sku":"GOR012885206","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49743053586705,"sku":"NGR9781915113849","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":51874152186129,"sku":"CIN1915113849VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1915113849.jpg?v=1751632827"},{"product_id":"hungary-1848-book-johann-nobili-9781913118785","title":"Hungary 1848","description":"The Hungarian War of Independence was one of the largest European conflicts of the 19th century, lasting a year, encompassing a dozen major battles and many smaller actions and sieges, with half a million men under arms by its end. Yet it remains strangely obscure and overlooked by the Anglophone world, perhaps because of the inaccessibility of Hungarian-language sources for most English readers, combined with the limited number of German-language sources due to Austria's embarrassment about the whole episode.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe first half of this war was the Winter Campaign of 1848-1849, in which invading Austrian armies drove deep into Hungary, only to be hurled back again almost to the Austrian border. The Austrian commander was sacked, and the Kaiser had to ask the Tsar for his aid in the Summer Campaign. 250,000 Russians helped the Austrians finally to defeat the Hungarian revolution.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book is a translation of the Austrian semi-official history of the Winter Campaign. It therefore provides a detailed and authoritative account of this neglected war, replete with fascinating episodes and invaluable factual data, in English for the first time ever. 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The Battles Around Metz, the second in a four volume series, takes a fresh and in depth look at the events of the opening months of the Franco Prussian War between Napoleon's Imperial Army and King Wilhelm's German armies when, within the space of four weeks in summer 1870, the established order was overthrown and Prussia laid the foundations for a military and political hegemony in Europe which led directly or indirectly to two World Wars. Whilst many of the German works have been published in English few, if any, of the French works have been translated and their inclusion within this work will offer both a fresh perspective of events as well as providing a useful counterpoint to the somewhat 'Prussian-centric' viewpoints reflected in many previous studies of the conflict. The second volume in the series takes an in depth look at the three major encounters that took place around Metz in mid-August 1870; Borny\/Colomby fought on the 14th; the encounter at Vionville\/Mars la Tour on the 16th and finally, one of the largest battles of the nineteenth century, the decisive clash at Gravelotte\/St Privat on the 18th. 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Until then, it had existed as a relatively insignificant force, mainly consisting of a handful of gunboats, corvettes, and other small craft. However, over the subsequent 50 years, the fleet would rise from these small beginnings into one capable of threatening the Royal Navy on the high seas. The development of the Imperial German Navy mirrored the rise of Germany as a technical power following unification in 1871. Still, such a rise needed more than just technical ability - it required considerable political will and economic resources. The early chapters of From Ironclads to Dreadnoughts cover the initial purchase of ships from abroad, the switch to German shipyards, and the hesitant attempts of Emperor Wilhelm II to develop the navy. The later chapters present the fundamental changes after Alfred von Tirpitz became naval minister in 1897. 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Within this context, the Duchies of Schleswig and Holstein were caught between the rising nationalism and desire for unification of the Prussian\/German nation states and the traditional alliances with the Danish Kingdom. The Schleswig Holsteiners decided that allegiance with the German Federation, including possessing their own constitution, was the best way forward. They rebelled against the Danish and looked to the Prussians with their greater military prowess for help.In Denmark, as in other European countries, the call for a democratic constitution caused social disturbance, triggered initially by the February riots in Paris. The Danish monarchy, in crisis, both constitutionally and in terms of monarchical succession continued to lay claim on their southernmost duchies and sent their armed forces to destroy the Schleswig-Holstein insurgents. The author describes the battles and battlefields upon which this crisis was played out: from the first major action at Bov (9 April, 1848) to the last major battles of the war, at Isted (25 July 1850) and Missunde (12 September 1850), from the geomorphic landscape influencing battlefield strategy down to the description of a farmhouse where Prussian officers jumped out of windows to save themselves from the Danish.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49732611211537,"sku":"NGR9781906033446","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":50302357602577,"sku":"GOR006782601","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":53562707771665,"sku":"GOR013062706","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1906033447.jpg?v=1751630319"},{"product_id":"battle-of-spicheren-august-6th-1870-book-gfr-henderson-9781874622444","title":"The Battle of Spicheren August 6th 1870","description":"This account, penned by a noted British military historian of the late 19th century, remains one of the best narratives of a 19th century battle yet published. The Battle of Spicheren was fought in early August 1870, and like many of the battles in the opening phase of the Franco-Prussian war, could be termed an encounter battle. Fighting over very difficult terrain, German forces dislodged the French I Corps after a heroic defense. Henderson not only drew on the General Staff works and other official sources available to military historians of the late 19th century - the value of his work is that he also utilized many other accounts, including regimental histories. He presents an extremely detailed narrative of the battle. Following a full discussion of the events of 6 August 1870, he also discusses the tactics of the battle, and training and other characteristics of the troops involved. This new edition not only includes all of the maps from the original, but also features a new essay outlining the life and military writings of Henderson, by Duncan Rogers, as well as added illustrations and a bibliography of the Battle of Spicheren.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49735359267089,"sku":"NGR9781874622444","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50217480028433,"sku":"CIN1874622442G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":51575234363665,"sku":"GOR014333790","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ LIKE_NEW \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52089538314513,"sku":"GOR011089505","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1874622442.jpg?v=1751451830"},{"product_id":"franco-prussian-war-1870-71-volume-1-book-quintin-barry-9781906033453","title":"The Franco-Prussian War 1870-71 Volume 1","description":"In the first part of this comprehensive all-new two-volume military history of the Franco-Prussian War, Quintin Barry presents a detailed account of the war against the French Imperial Army waged by the armies of the German Confederation, directed by that supreme military mind, Helmuth von Moltke. The author places Moltke and his strategic planning in the context of the European balance of power following the ending of the Austria Prussian War of 1866, before exploring the initial mobilization and deployment of the armies in 1870. All of the battles of this opening round of the war are described in detail, including Weissenburg, Worth, Spicheren, Borny-Colombey, Mars la Tour, Gravelotte, Beaumont and, of course, Sedan. The book ends as the Second Empire of Napoleon I lies defeated, crushed by the German armies directed by von Moltke. The author has made full use of an extensive number of German and French language sources. His detailed text is accompanied by a number of black and white illustrations and battle maps. 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The project began with no preconceptions but came to seriously question the contributions made by the talented and well-connected Florence Nightingale and the suitably qualified Sanitary Commissioners. The latter had been sent by the government to investigate matters on the spot. This may prove an unexpected and possibly unsympathetic conclusion for some of Nightingale's many admirers. Rigorously weighing the evidence, it is unmistakably clear that there is very little proof that Nightingale and the Sanitary Commissioners significantly influenced the improvement in the health of the main Army in the Crimea. The principal problems were at the front, not in Turkey, and it was there that matters were gradually rectified, with the health of the troops beginning to improve during the early weeks of 1855.The historiography of the campaign has tended to concentrate on the catastrophic deterioration in the health of the Army during the first winter and the perceived incompetence of the heads of department. The contributions made by Nightingale and the Sanitary Commissioners have been greatly overemphasized. As a consequence, the medical aspects of the war have been inaccurately portrayed in both academic works and popular culture.The author's analyses should alter existing preconceptions or prejudices about what happened in Crimea and Turkey during those fateful war years. The 'Victory over Disease' took place in the Crimea, and not at Scutari - and this was not due to the contributions of any one person, or even a group of individuals. Rather it represented the involvement of many people in many walks of life who worked, possibly unwittingly, for a common purpose, and with such a gratifying result.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49735541293329,"sku":"NGR9781911628316","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":53052637479185,"sku":"GOR014717107","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1911628313.jpg?v=1751631712"},{"product_id":"franco-prussian-war-1870-71-volume-2-book-quintin-barry-9781906033460","title":"The Franco-Prussian War 1870-71 Volume 2","description":"In the second part of this comprehensive all-new two-volume military history of the Franco-Prussian War, the author continues his narrative from the fall of the Second Empire until the ending of the war, and the founding of a unified Germany. The war against the Government of National Defence presented quite different problems to von Moltke and his staff. Although the Siege of Paris loomed large during the second phase of the war, the author fully explores events in other parts of France, including the siege of Strasbourg, the activities of the Francs Tireurs, the investment of Metz, and the battle against the French armies of the Loire, the North, and the East.The author has made full use of an extensive number of German and French language sources. His detailed text is accompanied by a number of black and white illustrations and newly drawn battle maps. 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He was part of a conspiracy of entrepreneurs, gold magnates and politicians, each of whom had different motives for supporting and encouraging his actions. Leander Starr Jameson's Raid failed miserably. It almost brought down the British Government, destroyed the career of one of the most eminent South African Statesmen, nearly caused a war with the South African Republic and exposed Britain to international ridicule. It was a failed attempt to expand the Empire on the cheap.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book, using a number of contemporary sources, examines the motives for Jameson's actions, the reasons for the Raid's failure and its consequences for those involved. It attempts to answer the extent of the involvement of the British Colonial Office and its Secretary of State, Joseph Chamberlain and how he, Cecil Rhodes, Paul Kruger and Jameson worked for their own and their countries best interests which were not necessarily one in the same.It also considers the part played by the dignitaries in Johannesburg and the consequences of their lukewarm support of Dr Jameson.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe book contains a detailed examination of the two Inquiries which were held as a result of the Raid and a blow by blow account of the evidence given by their many witnesses. Reactions in the British Parliament and the fate of the Raiders are particular features of this work, as is how the actions of those swept up in the plans of the key players were to affect their future careers.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49735784431889,"sku":"NGR9781913118778","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ LIKE_NEW \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":50308197515537,"sku":"GOR013920764","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":50950366101777,"sku":"GOR013276111","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1913118770.jpg?v=1751630609"},{"product_id":"the-furthest-garrison-book-adam-davis-9781911628293","title":"The The Furthest Garrison","description":null,"brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49736121614609,"sku":"NGR9781911628293","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1911628291.jpg?v=1751186784"},{"product_id":"the-battle-of-majuba-hill-book-john-laband-9781911512387","title":"The Battle of Majuba Hill","description":"The ignominious rout of a British force at the battle of Majuba on 27 February 1881 and the death of its commander, Major General Sir George Pomeroy-Colley, was the culminating British disaster in the humiliating Transvaal campaign of 1880-1881 in South Africa. For the victorious Boers who were rebelling against the British annexation of their republic in 1877, Majuba became the symbol of Afrikaner resistance against British imperialism. On the flip side, Majuba gave the late Victorian British army its first staggering experience of modern warfare and signalled the need for it to reassess its training and tactics. Based on both British and Boer archival and contemporary sources, this balanced and fresh appraisal of Majuba situates it in the closely interlocked operational and political contexts of the Transvaal campaign. It analyses the contrasting military organizations and cultures of the two sides and clarifies how a Boer citizen militia with no formal training, but that handled modern small arms with lethal effect and expertly employed fire and movement tactics, was able to defeat professional--but hidebound--British soldiers. The book explains how a British field commander, such as Colley, already subject to the factional politics of command, also found his conduct of military operations subject to the close supervision of his superiors in London at the other end of the telegraph wire. His strategic objective was to break through the Boer positions holding the passes between the colony of Natal and Transvaal and to relieve the scattered British garrisons blockaded by the Boers. However, his defeats at Laing's Nek on 28 January and at Ingogo on 8 February alarmed the British government already concerned that the war was stirring up dangerous anti-British Afrikaner nationalism across South Africa. It instructed Colley to cease operations and open peace negations with the Boers. But the general, a highly talented staff officer holding his first independent command, was determined to retrieve his tattered military reputation. He side-stepped his orders and, in an attempt to outflank the Boer positions and win the war at a stroke, seized Majuba with disastrous consequences. Although British reinforcements were now pouring in and the suppression of the Boer rebellion still seemed feasible, Majuba was the last straw for the British government. 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At the time the settlement was part of the vast Hudson''s Bay Company controlled territories which Canada was in the process of purchasing.Today Canada is the second largest country in the world, but at the time it was a recent creation made up of three British North American colonies. The British government of the day, focussed on financial retrenchment and anchored on anti-imperialist values, would have happily severed its ties with its North American colonies. The dynamic American republic, resurgent after the cataclysm of the Civil War, aspired to take control of all of the British North American territories, including Canada and the Hudson''s Bay Company lands. Canadian Prime Minister John A. Macdonald knew that for his new country to survive and prosper it would have to expand across the continent and incorporate the Hudson''s Bay Company''s lands, and ultimately the colony of British Columbia on the Pacific Ocean as well. The HBC was in decline and wanted to give up the responsibility for its vast territories. Macdonald would have preferred Britain to take on this responsibility until Canada was ready, but Westminster was unwilling. Ready or not, Canada would have to act or risk the United States getting in ahead of them.In all of this, the interests of the indigenous people received scant consideration, and this included the residents of the Red River Settlement. The population here, about 14,000 strong, was mostly comprised of the descendants of the Kildonan Scots, farmers who had arrived under the auspices Lord Selkirk earlier in the century, the mixed race descendants of English speaking HBC workers and First Nations women, and the mixed race descendants of French speaking North West Company workers and First Nations women. The latter group, known as the Métis, had long before the time of Canada''s pending takeover developed a distinct cultural identity, referring to themselves as \"A New Nation\".In 1869 the Métis were nervous of the pending Canadian takeover. They feared their property rights, the most tenuous in the community, would not be respected. They also worried that their culture would be overwhelmed by an influx of English speaking settlers. Their concerns were reinforced when Canadian surveyors and road builders arrived in the community. The Canadians behaved exactly as the Métis had feared prompting the beginning of an opposition with demands for guarantees.The man who rose to lead the Métis opposition was Louis Riel, and while his demands were just, during the winter of 1869\/70, supported by the organized military power of the buffalo hunt, he rode roughshod over the views of the other communities in residence at Red River. These included not only the Kildonan Scots and English-speaking mixed race people, but also Métis opponents and the much smaller and troublesome Canadian Party. Prime Minister Macdonald had been lax in acting to accommodate the interests of the Red River residents, but there was in fact little interest in Canada for the events unfolding there. Matters were transformed when Riel approved the execution of a member of the Canadian Party in March of 1870. Much of English speaking Canada found its voice and demanded a vigorous response.Macdonald, under considerable pressure, wanted a military expedition dispatched and he was adamant that the British should lead it. Even after a deal was completed, resulting in the creation of the new province of Manitoba, he remained firm in his belief that a force should be sent to assume control. Despite having already announced the withdrawal of its Canadian garrison, the British government reluctantly agreed to commit imperial troops to the venture. The completion of the deal between Canada and the Red River settlement was in fact a precondition of British involvement in the affair. It was also critical that the British troops get to the settlement and back again before the winter set in.Colonel Garnet Wolseley was chosen to lead the expedition, and as such, though in many respects an obscure and minor operation, it is an important subject of study given that it was his first independent command and he would rise to become Commander in Chief of the British Army. It demonstrated an attention to detail that would be fundamental to his rise up through the army hierarchy and utilized a transportation technique that he would attempt to replicate in his more famous Gordon Relief Expedition of 1884\/1885. It also introduced a number of the personalities who would later become firmly entrenched as members of the Wolseley Ring.There was no good route from Canada to the Red River Settlement. The expedition, comprised of British regulars and Canadian militia, travelled first by steamer to Thunder Bay on Lake Superior and then by an incomplete road to Shebandowan Lake. The state of the road would become one of the major talking points of the whole affair. From Shebandowan Lake they went by row boat utilizing the old North West Company''s canoe highway, carrying all the supplies they would need for the journey. They suffered the challenges of having to cross 47 portages, run multiple river rapids, and weather significant storms on some of the larger lakes of the interior. It rained, frequently torrentially, for roughly half of the days between their arrival at Thunder Bay and their reaching of Fort Garry at the Red River Settlement. On the days it didn''t rain, they were feasted upon by the billions of insects resident in the woods of the Canadian Shield.Many historians have written on the events of the troubles at Red River in 1869\/70, but the expedition itself is usually treated as a footnote and given a few lines or at most a paragraph. The author has found only one relatively recent account (published in the 1980s) that dealt with the expedition in detail and he has frequently, though respectfully, disagreed with many of the assertions and conclusions found therein. Consequently, it has been found necessary to go to the expeditionary force documents and first hand accounts of the men who took part, to properly understand exactly what the Red River Expedition was about and what the men who made up the force actually went through. By doing this author believes he has come up with a lively and original recounting of this little known story in British Imperial and Canadian history.        ","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49736577483025,"sku":"NGR9781911628309","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1911628305.jpg?v=1751632555"},{"product_id":"victorian-crusaders-book-nicholas-schofield-9781915070531","title":"Victorian Crusaders","description":"The struggle for Italian Unification brings to mind images of patriotic heroes such as Garibaldi and Mazzini. However, there is another side to the story: thousands of Catholics from across Europe (and beyond) volunteered to defend the pope from those who threatened his authority and his kingdom. These nineteenth century 'crusaders' included around 1,600 from England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book focuses on the turbulent period between 1860 and 1870, which saw a Piedmontese invasion of the Papal States (1860), an attempted capture of Rome by Garibaldi (1867) and finally the newly formed Italian Army's attack of 1870, which left Rome as the kingdom's capital. It was also a time of reform and modernization in the pontifical army, with at times inspired leadership and the introduction of new weapons and technologies.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn addition to examining the campaigns, the showpiece actions at Castelfidardo, Mentana and Porta Pia, and the political and religious context, Victorian Crusaders studies the backgrounds, motivations and experience of those who flocked to Rome from the British Isles. The Irish joined the Battalion of St Patrick in 1860 and others subsequently signed up for the Pontifical Zouaves, a glamorous transnational unit whose uniform was inspired by the warriors of the Algerian mountains. They came from varied backgrounds, including members of the aristocracy and future members of parliament, though most came from the middle classes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMost foreign recruits knew that the odds were heavily stacked against them, but they also understood the importance of standing up for their beliefs and the value, as they saw it, of sacrifice and martyrdom. Their experience provides a fascinating insight into Victorian society, large sections of which were proudly in favor of the Italian Risorgimento and often anti-Catholic in their sympathy. Indeed, for the Irish especially, joining the pontifical army was a way of scoring a point against the Protestant English and asserting their national aspirations.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBased on contemporary accounts and archives, \u003ci\u003eVictorian Crusaders\u003c\/i\u003e for the first time studies the Catholic volunteer movement between 1860 and 1870 from a British and Irish perspective.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49741411811601,"sku":"NGR9781915070531","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50174583603473,"sku":"CIN1915070538VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":51195415658769,"sku":"GOR013041570","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1915070538.jpg?v=1751632562"},{"product_id":"the-republic-fights-back-the-franco-german-war-1870-1871-book-ralph-weaver-9781915070500","title":"The The Republic Fights Back: The Franco-German War 1870-1871","description":"The Franco-German War of 1870-71 saw the demise of one empire, that of Napoleon III and the birth of another, a new German empire under the rule of the king of Prussia and his first minister Bismarck. Many books have been written on the campaigns and battles of the war; this is the first to center on the armies themselves.  After the debacle of the French surrender at Sedan vast new armies were raised, both in France and Germany. The French Republican government, under the tireless enthusiasm of Leon Gambetta, tried to mobilize the whole male population to participate in some form or other; was he successful? This book explains how they were organized, how they were armed, what uniforms they were dressed in and how they were supplied with the essentials of war. Technical innovations changed the way armies behaved in the field, railways speeded up movement, the telegraph delivered orders in a fraction of the time and new weapons altered tactics used on the battlefield. How did the leaders react to the opening battles, what changes were made to battlefield tactics? What was the effect of the establishment of the Volunteer forces, the Franc-Tireurs. How quickly did the uniforms and equipment survive under field conditions and what did the authorities do to remedy any problems? Many contemporary works have been used either in their original form or now available as digital copies from French and German sources. Many English language sources have also been used together with memoirs from soldiers, officers and men as well as diplomats, volunteers, combatants and those ministering to the wounded. The American Civil War had demonstrated the practical use of railways, the Germans expanded their railway departments, both in the General staff and in the field. The Germans had planned their railways with scientific care, to keep the field armies supplied, to evacuate the sick and wounded and to maintain the tracks, bridges, depots and rolling stock, bringing in thousands of railway workers from the German private railway companies. Both armies had to adapt to one of the harshest winters in living memory, marching, camping and fighting in rain, snow and mud, all but a few roads having a prepared surface.\u003ci\u003eThe Republic Fights Back\u003c\/i\u003e contains a large number of images, including rare contemporary illustrations and 20 pages of color uniform plates.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49741422199057,"sku":"NGR9781915070500","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1915070503.jpg?v=1751631726"},{"product_id":"onwards-to-omdurman-book-keith-surridge-9781915070517","title":"Onwards to Omdurman","description":"On 2 September 1898, the Anglo-Egyptian army under General Kitchener crushed the Mahdist Sudanese army of the Khalifa Abdallahi at the battle of Omdurman. Depictions of the battle, in books and films, have too often depicted it as the hapless slaughter of the Mahdists by a modern, well-equipped professional army. This book seeks to show, however, that the battle was not a foregone conclusion and that the result might have been closer if the Mahdists had conformed to their battle-plan. By examining the battle in fair detail, the book emphasizes that the Mahdists battle plan was poorly executed, hence their defeat. Although it took another year before the Khalifa was defeated and killed, the battle at Omdurman ended a two-year campaign that had utilized the power of modern Victorian technology.To fully understand how and why an Anglo-Egyptian army arrived to fight at Omdurman, the book takes a fresh look at the Sudan campaign as a whole, because it provides an excellent example of how modern technology was used to overcome the vagaries of the desert and the river Nile. Thus, railway lines were built to bring troops and supplies across the desert. Communications were enhanced by miles of telegraph wire. Control of the Nile was ensured by British-built gunboats, armed with machine guns and artillery. While the Anglo-Egyptian army carried modern rifles, machine guns and artillery. Kitchener had witnessed Britain's failed Sudan campaign in 1884-85 to rescue General Gordon trapped in Khartoum by Mahdist forces, because of too much haste and not enough forethought. Kitchener did not make the same mistakes. Moreover, he and his officers never underestimated the fighting prowess of their enemy.Before Kitchener's campaign is examined, however, the book provides context by discussing how and why Britain was involved in Egypt and why the decision was made to invade Mahdist Sudan. It then considers the political, social and military organization of the Khalifa's domain. The book also examines the Egyptian army and provides details later on the British contingent. The various stages of Kitchener's advance are then discussed.The book is based on British accounts from unpublished material in archives and published contemporary works, for they are readily available. Where possible, the book takes into account the Mahdist perspective by using the available published sources and the Intelligence reports prepared from information supplied by Sudanese agents and informers.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49741470171409,"sku":"NGR9781915070517","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":53043711410449,"sku":"CIN1915070511G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1915070511.jpg?v=1751632435"},{"product_id":"the-battle-for-the-swiepwald-book-heidrich-ernst-9781915070494","title":"The The Battle for the Swiepwald","description":"The battle of Königgrätz was the largest battle ever fought in western Europe until 1914 and its political consequences were no less epic - the demise of Austria as a European Great Power, the loss of her historic pre-eminence among the German nations, and the final, incontestable rise of Prussia. Whether Austria could have prevailed at Königgrätz on 3 July 1866 and salvaged her Great Power status is debatable, what is not, is the part the struggle for the Swiepwald played in her ultimate defeat. The insubordination of two Austrian Corps Commanders, and the decision to engage in their epic struggle for control of the Swiepwald forest, would leave 12,000 men dead or wounded within its shattered environs, and the Austrian right flank wide open to the Crown Prince of Prussia's advancing Second Army. This meticulous translation of Heidrich's brilliant monograph takes us through the fighting, hour by hour and foot by bloody foot, in a narrative unsurpassed for detail or accuracy.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49741485113617,"sku":"NGR9781915070494","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49874882527505,"sku":"GOR012572456","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/191507049X.jpg?v=1751630837"},{"product_id":"the-battle-of-lissa-1866-book-quintin-barry-9781914059926","title":"The The Battle of Lissa, 1866","description":"It has often been said that, so slow was the process of change in naval warfare, Sir Francis Drake would if he was transported to the quarterdeck of the Victory not feel out of place. Half a century on from the end of the Napoleonic wars, a total transformation had taken place in every aspect of naval warfare. As a result of the Industrial Revolution the ships that fought the battle of Lissa would have been unrecognizable to Drake.The principal changes had been the introduction of steam power, of shell guns and of armor plating. The use of steam engines to power warships was substantially assisted by the invention of the screw propeller which quickly made paddle steamers obsolete. And the effect of shell guns was hugely increased by the development of rifled ordnance.The Industrial Revolution came first to Britain, and it was here that the earliest experiments were made with steam engines as a vessel's motive power. The replacement of wood by iron as a shipbuilding material also came slowly, and both innovations faced considerable resistance from conservative opinion.Once the Industrial Revolution spread through mainland Europe, it was often in France that important breakthroughs were made, though contrary to the opinion of earlier historians, the British Admiralty kept a close watch on technological progress. The outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861 powerfully accelerated developments in all aspects of warship design. As other navies adopted the latest technology it became apparent that the tactics of naval warfare must also change. In 1866 Italy, in alliance with Prussia, went to war against Austria, having built up a substantial fleet of ironclads. The Austrians, too, had also acquired a number of ironclads. The two fleets faced each other in a campaign in the Adriatic, in which the Italian fleet was led by Admiral Carlo Persano and that of Austria by Admiral Wilhelm von Tegetthoff. On July 20, 1866 they met in what was to be the first fleet action of the new age, and the encounter ended in a decisive victory for the Austrian fleet. Much of the blame for the Italian defeat was laid at Persano's door, while his opponent became a national hero.This book is the first comprehensive account of the campaign of Lissa in the English language for more than a century. It explores the progress of naval shipbuilding and tactics in the period leading up to 1866, together with the development of the Italian and Austrian navies.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49742635860241,"sku":"NGR9781914059926","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1914059921.jpg?v=1751632017"},{"product_id":"the-fire-of-venture-was-in-his-veins-book-david-snape-9781914059902","title":"The The Fire of Venture was in his Veins","description":"The Shangani or Allan Wilson's Patrol was a minor incident in the British expansion in Africa. Much smaller in scale than the massacre of Isandlwana, the fate of the Patrol was a black mark on the British South Africa Company's conquest of Matabeleland. The Patrol was part of the Ndebele War of 1893-94 which ended in the overthrow of the kingdom of Lobengula, King of the Ndebele.The war was a joint enterprise of Cecil Rhodes' British South Africa Company (BSAC) and the British Government, but the Company ensured it was the senior partner. Leander Starr Jameson, with his military adviser John Willoughby, both of whom were to be protagonists in the notorious Jameson Raid, were heavily involved in the overthrow of Lobengula. Jameson's instructions to the leader of the Patrol, Major Patrick Forbes, placed him in an invidious position and virtually split his command. Allan Wilson and his men were sent to his death by Forbes but Wilson's overconfidence in his ability to fight the Ndebele also played a major part in the massacre of his men.The relationships between the three commanders of the Patrol, Forbes, Wilson, and Commandant Pieter Raff, were fraught, and Forbes' struggle to maintain control was gradually eroded by Raaff, who was an Afrikaner with extensive experience in fighting the Zulus, and whose caution might have been caused by his fatal illness.Accounts from Ndebele survivors of the battle paint a typical Victorian picture of brave men dying for Queen and country, but did they actually die for Queen and Company? Did Forbes leave them to their fate? Whatever the cause, Wilson's men's bravery was unquestioned.The book provides an account of the causes of Ndebele War, and the relationship between the BSAC and Lobengula. The Patrol is examined in detail as are the battles of Shangani and Bembesi which preceded it. The theft of Lobengula's gold by two members of the Bechuanaland Border Police became a cause célèbre and may have contributed to Jameson's decision to send the Patrol in pursuit of the King.The Company's victory contributed to the creation of Rhodesia and Shangani Day soon became a national holiday in the country. Jameson was seen as a hero and decorated by Queen Victoria for his part in the war.In compiling the story of the Patrol, David Snape has used both contemporary accounts, Parliamentary Papers, and the work of other historians to analyze the complexity of the circumstances which led to Wilson's death and the relationships between the senior commanders. The book also attempts to explore the less savory aspects of this episode in the expansion of the British Empire, while acknowledging the bravery of those involved.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49743856828689,"sku":"NGR9781914059902","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":50950366069009,"sku":"GOR014140714","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1914059905.jpg?v=1751632808"},{"product_id":"too-little-too-late-book-michael-embree-9781804513774","title":"Too Little, Too Late","description":"In the spring of 1866, the so-called German Confederation, then a loose organization of autonomous states, was thrown into crisis by a rift between the two largest members, the Austrian Empire, and The Kingdom of Prussia. Since the founding of the Confederation, in 1815, it had been tacitly accepted that Austria was the overseeing authority. Now, however, a more belligerent Prussia sought a leading role. Under a new and ambitious Chancellor, the ruthless Prince Ottovon Bismarck, Prussia would no longer accept a secondary role.This vital question of leadership naturally affected all member states, and none could ignore it. Matters had, however, moved beyond discussion, and, in June, hostilities began, with the Prussian invasion of the Kingdom of Hanover, and the Electorate of Hesse-Cassel.This volume chronicles the conflict over the unification of Germany which actually occurred on German soil. The campaign in southern and western Germany ensured that political control of German affairs would be firmly in Prussian hands, controlled by Bismarck, in much the same way that the great battles between Prussia and Austria in the east would exclude Austria from German affairs altogether.The detailed story of this, the war of unification within Germany itself, is narrated here, compiled from numerous published and unpublished sources, including many contemporary and first-hand accounts, as well as official reports. The importance of the campaign, far too often ignored, is told here. This is an invaluable resource for any student of European military history of the mid-19th Century.Key topics include the historical background to the conflict, the political crisis of 1866 in the \"German Parliament\" and the build-up to war, full descriptions of all military forces involved, the various phases of the campaign. The book includes comprehensive orders of battle, informative maps, numerous illustrations (some in color) and photographs, many informative charts and diagrams. The author also presents a detailed analysis of contemporary and later sources.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49744822173969,"sku":"NGR9781804513774","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50174600118545,"sku":"CIN1804513776VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1804513776.jpg?v=1751631493"},{"product_id":"more-work-than-glory-book-john-p-langellier-9781804513347","title":"More Work Than Glory","description":"\u003cb\u003eFinalist, 2023 Army Historical Foundation Distinguished Writing Awards\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e \"...an invaluable read, not only for those with an interest in the Black regulars, but also for those seeking to learn more about the Army from the Civil War through the Great War.\" -- The NYMAS Review\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e Prior to the 1960s, the term \"Buffalo Soldier\" was a fairly obscure one. Then, a trickle of titles became a torrent of books, articles, novels, monuments, and expanding numbers of historic sites along with museums all of which have changed the picture. Even an occasional nod from television and movies helped transform these once relatively little-known Black U.S. Army troops into familiar figures, who have taken their place in a mythic past. Indeed, powerful imagemakers from William F. \"Buffalo Bill\" Cody and his Congress of Rough Riders to Frederic Remington, the dean of frontier artists, helped lionize the Black troops whose exploits brought them to the American West, Cuba, the Philippines, Mexico, Alaska, and Hawaii in the years between 1866 and 1916.Despite a significant shift in emphasis, numerous efforts treating this element of the vital, complex story of the post-Civil War U.S. Army frequently repeated earlier studies rather than added fresh perspectives. Also, the narrative typically ended with the so-called Indian Wars or Spanish American War. Many authors likewise dwelt on military operations rather than numerous other relevant contributions and activities of these men who played a role in the nation's complex evolution during the half century after the American Civil War.Profusely illustrated with compelling images and detailed maps, along with an array of appendices, this latest addition to the Buffalo Soldier saga represents over five decades of research by military historian John P. Langellier. Further, \u003ci\u003eMore Work an Glory: Buffalo Soldiers in the United States Army, 1866-1916\u003c\/i\u003e combines the best features of prior scholarship while enhancing the scope with new or underused primary sources.The author views the subject through the broader perspectives of race. He sets the text against the backdrop of the transition of the U.S. Army from a frontier constabulary to an international power. In the process, he highlights the staggering assortment of non-military missions including assignments to national parks and forests; road building; exploration; pioneer military bicycling; duty along the explosive border between the United States and Mexico; employment as agents of law and order, along with a litany of other contributions that enhanced an impressive combat record against formidable Native Americans and others. Langellier frames the narrative within the context of continuity and change from Reconstruction in the 1860s through the early twentieth century. 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Cited as source material in every major history of the Austro Prussian War, it is now available for the first time in English. Fontane's celebrated study covers all the major and minor battles that took place between the Prussians, the Austrians, and their Saxon allies in Bohemia, Moravia, and Galicia. This volume ranges from the political origins of the war, to detailed accounts of the actual fighting, to lyrical descriptions of the land, customs, and traditions of the Bohemians and Moravians themselves. The text is accompanied by Ludwig Berger's superb, specially commissioned illustrations, all of which have been included. It has been painstakingly translated by Frederick Steinhardt and edited by Gerard Henry. Their exceptional knowledge of the period and meticulous attention to detail is evident throughout, particularly in the provision of extensive footnotes which provide the reader with an abundance of background material indispensable to a fuller understanding of the text and indeed of the war. 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The Anglo Sikh Wars of 1845-1846 and 1848-1849 are given consideration in terms of the military tactics used by opposing armies, along with a brief examination of the major battles and the course of the war. After the Anglo-Sikh Wars the Sikhs became an important part of the British military forces in the Indian Empire, and the deployment of Sikhs in campaigns during the time of the British Indian Army, many outside of the subcontinent, is also considered.The book is supplemented with maps of battles, and illustrated with rare military images, relics, and artifacts, together with the appendices citing important documents and letters.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49777821450513,"sku":"NGR9781915070524","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":50610913542417,"sku":"GOR014012457","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ LIKE_NEW \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52607951405329,"sku":"GOR012385561","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/191507052X.jpg?v=1751630626"},{"product_id":"from-the-atacama-to-the-andes-book-alan-curtis-9781914059919","title":"From the Atacama to the Andes","description":"With the break up of the Spanish empire in South America, the continent split into nine independent states with often ill-defined boundaries. One of these was that between Bolivia and Chile, which were separated by the Atacama Desert, tone of the driest regions in the world. When it was realized that the area contained nitrates that the world needed for explosives and fertilizer the scene was set for the inevitable clash.When war broke out in February 1879, both sides found themselves unprepared for war. Rapid armament followed as the Peruvians were dragged into the conflict in support of their Bolivian allies. Initially there was a tiresome naval war of blockade and guerre de course. Two naval actions decided the naval campaign in favor of the Chileans who then proceeded to use their naval power to attack the Allies' isolated armies and capture Lima two years after war had broken out. Fighting then developed into a cruel and ruthless guerrilla war in the Andes, sometimes even pitting Peruvian against Peruvian, before the Peruvians finally concede defeat.The war was notable in the West for fights involving ironclads, particularly the Battle of Angamos, which saw the only time ironclads were pitted against each other between the Battle of Lissa and the Battle of the Yalu River. The war helped formulate Captain Mahan's thoughts in \"The Influence of Sea Power upon History\".The land war was more or less ignored abroad, although it included some of the biggest battles ever fought on the continent, using all the latest technology, including breech loading rifles and cannons and machine guns. The armies on both sides initially lacked experience and training as well as modern equipment. The Bolivian Army started the war with 806 officers and only 1369 other ranks! 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Many Afrikaners long celebrated their partial victory as the God-given justification for their subsequent dominion over Africans, while today Africans commemorate the war for its significance in their struggle against colonialism.Changing perceptions in a post-colonial world require the reassessment of wars of colonial aggression, but there is no book in English that engages with the war between the Boers and Zulu in its entire context or takes the Zulu evidence into proper account. This work attempts to do so. While dealing with the warring sides as even-handedly as possible and contrasting their military systems, it also makes a point of developing the less familiar Zulu perspective, explaining political motivation, strategic military objectives and fissures in the royal house. 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