{"title":"Handbook Of Experimental Pharmacology","description":"\u003cp\u003eDelve into the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology series for comprehensive insights into cutting-edge research. Essential reading for pharmacology students and researchers alike, exploring key methodologies and therapeutic applications.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"pharmacology-of-pain-book-a-dickenson-9783540627852","title":"The Pharmacology of Pain","description":"There have been many advances in the pharmacology of pain, both in terms of mechanisms of transmission and events un-derlying the production of analgesia. This volume provides an overview of the field covering the basic science of pain and its applications. The chapters range from the peripheral events through to central mechanisms, with emphasis on the transmitters and receptors implicated in transmission and control. The book covers acute, inflammatory and neuropathic pain states and each chapter links the basic aspects with the therapeutic applications, both in terms of drug development and clinical approaches.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49581782073617,"sku":"GOR013622022","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3540627855.jpg?v=1751064979"},{"product_id":"antiplatelet-agents-book-paolo-gresele-9783642294228","title":"Antiplatelet Agents","description":"Antiplatelet therapy is the cornerstone of treatment of ischemic cardiovascular disease and over the last few years spectacular advancements in this field have been recorded. This is the first comprehensive handbook entirely dedicated to all the aspects of antiplatelet therapy. The book is divided into three main sections, pathophysiology, pharmacology and therapy, for a total of 23 chapters. A large group of leading experts from different European countries and from the USA, both from academia and industry, have contributed to the book. Besides a detailed overview on the pharmacology and clinical applications of all the currently used or of the novel antiplatelet agents, innovative approaches (e.g. intracellular signalling as an antiplatelet target, small RNAs as platelet therapeutics, etc.) or unconventional aspects (e.g. pharmacologic modulation of the inflammatory action of platelets are also treated. The book is oriented to both basic investigators and to clinicians involved with research on platelet inhibition or with the clinical use of antiplatelet therapies.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ LIKE_NEW \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49588562067729,"sku":"GOR013075554","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52674983756049,"sku":"NLS9783642294228","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3642294227.jpg?v=1750837867"},{"product_id":"neuropeptide-y-and-related-peptides-book-martin-c-michel-9783540405818","title":"Neuropeptide Y and Related Peptides","description":"After a little more than 20 years since the original discovery of neuropeptide Y (NPY) by Tatemoto and colleagues, the field of NPY research has made remarkable progress and is coming of age.The present volume addresses all major topics in connection with NPY and related peptides by established leaders in their respective areas. Experienced NPY-aficionados will certainly find new and useful additional information in this volume and newcomers to the field will hopefully discover how much exciting research this still has to offer.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ WELL_READ \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49647471427857,"sku":"GOR012490205","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":50835243532561,"sku":"GOR014091276","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52675026157841,"sku":"NLS9783540405818","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/354040581X.jpg?v=1751350706"},{"product_id":"therapeutic-antibodies-book-yuti-chernajovsky-9783540732587","title":"Therapeutic Antibodies","description":"Antibody therapeutics are the treatment of choice for several autoimmune and oncological conditions and are becoming the molecules of choice for further combination therapies and cell engineering. Current developments and clinical successes are summarised by experts in the drug development field. A must read for immunologists, clinical scientists and novel drug developers.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49737072902417,"sku":"NGR9783540732587","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52676198793489,"sku":"NLS9783540732587","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3540732586.jpg?v=1751284886"},{"product_id":"urinary-tract-book-karl-erik-andersson-9783642267222","title":"Urinary Tract","description":"The basic anatomy and physiology of the urinary tract, the validity of animal models and other methodological considerations as well as a range of potential therapeutic targets are comprehensively reviewed by leading international experts, making this a unique reference source for basic scientists and research-minded clinicians alike","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49737260269841,"sku":"NGR9783642267222","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52677662966033,"sku":"NLS9783642267222","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/364226722X.jpg?v=1751253665"},{"product_id":"anxiety-and-anxiolytic-drugs-book-florian-holsboer-9783642061431","title":"Anxiety and Anxiolytic Drugs","description":"The present volume gives a comprehensive overview on the current state of basic and clinical research on Anxiety and Anxiolytic Drugs. Using newly developed methods and techniques researchers are now beginning to understand the molecular mechanisms of anxiety, anxiety disorders and their treatment. In parallel, new drug targets have been generated and the first clinical studies with new compounds have been started. In 20 chapters written by numerous experts in the field comprehensive information on all relevant topics is provided.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49737737535761,"sku":"NGR9783642061431","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52453540331793,"sku":"NLS9783642061431","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3642061435.jpg?v=1751031751"},{"product_id":"bacterial-protein-toxins-book-k-aktories-9783540661252","title":"Bacterial Protein Toxins","description":"In recent years remarkable progress has been accomplished with respect to our knowledge about bacterial protein toxins. This refers especially to structural aspects of protein toxins but also holds true for genetics, molecular biology and biochemical mechanisms underlying the action of toxins. This volume covers the very current and exciting aspects of up-to-date bacterial toxicology and comprehensively reviews the most important bacterial protein toxins such as the intracellular acting toxins which exhibit enzyme activity, as well as those toxins that interact with cell plasma membranes by damaging the membranes (pore formation) or stimulating cell receptors (superantigens). This is the most current reference work on these important bacterial protein toxins, which are presented from the point of view of different disciplines such as pharmacology, microbiology, cell biology and protein chemistry.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49738552344849,"sku":"NGR9783540661252","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52344045797649,"sku":"NLS9783540661252","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3540661255.jpg?v=1751032195"},{"product_id":"modern-anesthetics-book-jrgen-schttler-9783540728139","title":"Modern Anesthetics","description":"Some important constraints of anesthesia must be taken into consideration when the pharmacological properties of modern anesthetics are discussed. The most imp- tant of these could be that the target effect be achieved preferably within seconds, at most within a few minutes. Similarly, offset of drug action should be achieved within minutes rather hours. The target effects, such as unconsciousness, are pot- tially life-threatening, as are the side effects of modern anesthetics, such as respi- tory and cardiovascular depression. Finally, the patient's purposeful responses are not available to guide drug dosage, because, either the patient is unconscious, or more problematically, the patient is aware but unable to communicate pain because of neuromuscular blockade. These constraints were already recognised 35 years ago, when in 1972 Volume X entitled Modern Inhalation Anesthetics appeared in this Handbook Series. The present volume is meant as a follow up and extension of that volume. At the beginning of the 1970's anesthesia was commonly delivered by inhalation, with only very few exceptions. The clinical understanding of that time considered anesthesia as a unique state achieved by any of the inhalation anesthetics, in- pendent of their specific molecular structure. The very mechanism of anesthetic action at the biophase was discussed within the theoretical framework of the u- tary theory of narcosis.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50397025665297,"sku":"CIN3540728139VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51063614013713,"sku":"NIN9783540728139","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":51689531146513,"sku":"CIN3540728139G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52663919804689,"sku":"NLS9783540728139","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3540728139.jpg?v=1751253045"},{"product_id":"diabetes-perspectives-in-drug-therapy-book-mathias-schwanstecher-9783642172137","title":"Diabetes - Perspectives in Drug Therapy","description":"The chapters of this book report cutting-edge research on molecular events in adiposity and type 2 diabetes, thus opening the way for innovative drug-based therapeutic strategies. It addresses all those who wish to keep in touch with recent developments in the field.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50397635477777,"sku":"CIN364217213XG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52676004675857,"sku":"NLS9783642172137","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/364217213X.jpg?v=1751284610"},{"product_id":"pharmacology-and-therapeutics-of-asthma-and-copd-book-clive-p-page-9783319848389","title":"Pharmacology and Therapeutics of Asthma and COPD","description":"The present volume is supposed to be a major reference resource for chest physicians and those involved in the development of novel pharmaceutical entities for these diseases. Internationally recognized authorities review the most important new information on the advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of these diseases, including the substantial advances in the topical delivery of inhaled medicines. Each chapter is extensively referenced, generously illustrated with clear diagrams and photographs, and represents a state-of-the-art review of this important area of respiratory medicine.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50404899127569,"sku":"CIN3319848380G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":52500651082001,"sku":"NGR9783319848389","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3319848380.jpg?v=1751221150"},{"product_id":"drug-delivery-and-targeting-book-monika-schferkorting-9783031528637","title":"Drug Delivery and Targeting","description":"197 in 2010 there have been important advances in drug development, drug delivery and  more recently  drug targeting. In addition, the Covid-19 pandemic has brought renewed attention to vaccinations against viral infections, and mRNA vaccines have been tested for vaccination in tumor therapy, too.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":50485636202769,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":50485636530449,"sku":"GOR013811602","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3031528638.jpg?v=1750934087"},{"product_id":"lipid-signaling-in-human-diseases-book-julian-gomez-cambronero-9783030336677","title":"Lipid Signaling in Human Diseases","description":"Lipids are an integral part of cell membrane architecture, are intermediaries in cell metabolism, and are involved in transmitting cell signals from hormones, growth factors and nutrients. A number of lipases and phospholipases, lipid kinases, lipid phosphatases, sphingosine kinases, and their reaction products have been implicated in fundamental cellular processes including cell proliferation, division and migration. These enzymes and their products underlie the molecular mechanisms of numerous human diseases, in particular metabolic disease (diabetes), cancer, neurodegenerative disease and cardiovascular disease.  Over the last decade, studies have advanced to the point that a number of inhibitors for these enzymes have been developed to attempt to ameliorate these conditions; some of the inhibitors are currently in human clinical trial. The need for this book is to review the current status of this field and the prospect for the inhibitors to be clinically important.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51060186579217,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51060189561105,"sku":"NIN9783030336677","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52682472816913,"sku":"NLS9783030336677","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3030336670.jpg?v=1751126954"},{"product_id":"antiviral-strategies-book-ralf-bartenschlager-9783540790853","title":"Antiviral Strategies","description":"A crucial issue for antiviral therapy is the fact that all antiviral substances rapidly select for resistance; thus, monitoring and overcoming resistance has become a most important clinical paradigm of antiviral therapy. This calls for cautious use of antiviral drugs and implementation of combination therapies. In parallel, efforts in drug discovery have to be continued to develop compounds with novel mode-of-action and activity against resistant strains. This book reviews the current status of antiviral therapy, from the roads to development of new compounds to their clinical use and cost effectiveness. Individual chapters address in more detail all available drug classes and outline new approaches currently under development.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51060974485777,"sku":"NIN9783540790853","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52676744184081,"sku":"NLS9783540790853","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3540790853.jpg?v=1751318028"},{"product_id":"sensory-nerves-book-brendan-j-canning-9783540790891","title":"Sensory Nerves","description":"Theintentionofthisbookistoprovideacomprehensiveandcontemporaryreview ofthebiologyofsensorynerves. InkeepingwiththethemeoftheHandbookof Experimental Pharmacology series, emphasis will be placed on the actions of drugs,transmittersandautacoidsthatinitiateorinhibitsensorynerveactivation (through actionsonionchannelsandreceptorsattheirperipheralterminals)or modulate the release or actions of the transmitters released from the central terminalsofsensorynerves. Onthebasisofextensivesupportiveevidenceinthe literature, it is our view that many diseases are characterized by alterations in sensorynervefunction(e. g. pain,cardiovasculardiseaseandmigraine). Itisour beliefthatthisbookwillbeunique,asitwillcomprehensivelycovertheroleof sensory nerves across many therapeutic areas. To address directly one of the editorialboardqueries,thisisnotintendedtobeabookaboutthepharmacology ofpain. Thatsaid,tomostpharmacologists,painisthemostobviousindicationfor aroleorsensorynervesindisease. Webelievethatthelessonslearntfromthestudy ofneuropathicpainwillbeinvaluableforresearchersintheothertherapeuticareas covered inthisvolume. Sincemostinterest hasfocusedontheroleofsensory nervesinneuropathicpain,wehaveaddedanumberofchaptersdevotedtothis subject. Thebookisorganizedinthreeparts,coveringthetypesandrolesofsensory nervesinsomaticandvisceraldisorders(PartI),speci?ctargetsonsensorynerves relevanttopainandvisceraldisorders(PartII)andadescriptionofcurrentand futuretherapeuticstrategiesfortargetingsensorynerves(PartIII). The?rsttwochaptersinPartIaredevotedtodescribingtheclinicalfeaturesof neuropathicpainandvisceralpain. Ourintentionisfortheauthorstoprovidea clinicalviewpointonthefeaturesoftheseconditionsandtheadvantages\/disadv- tagesofcurrenttreatmentmodalities. Thenext?vechaptersinPartIfocusonthe roleofsensorynervesinotherpathologicalconditions. Severalcommonthemes willemergeinthispart,includingthemodeofsensorynerveactivationinvarious tissues and organs, the alterations in sensory nerve excitability associated with disease,andtheimportanceofin?ammationandin?ammatorymediatorsininiti- ingalteredsensorynervefunctionindisease. v vi Preface Whilstthe?rstpartfocusesontheclinicaland\/orsystemsphysiology,PartIIhas itsfocusatthecellandmolecularlevel. Thisparthighlightsthecurrentundersta- ingofproteins\/ionchannels\/mediatorsthathavecreatedthemostintenserecent interestintheareaofsensorynervebiology. Together,thesechapterswillgivethe reader important knowledge about how sensory nerve function can be altered pharmacologically. Thelastchapterinthispartdescribestheprocessesthatgive risetoalteredneuralre?exesatthecentrallevel. Themechanismsdescribedin thesechaptersreinforcetheroleofproteins\/mediatorshighlightedinthepreceding chapters. Theroleofthesecellular,molecularandphysiologicalprocessesinthe diseasesdiscussedinPart1areemphasized. TheaimofPartIIIistohighlightpotentialdrugtargetsthatmightaltersensory nervefunction. Mostoftheworkhasbeendevotedtothetreatmentofneuropathic painandsothispartheavilyemphasizesthissubject. However,aswillbeapparent fromPartI,manyofthesetargetscouldbeutilizedinothertherapeuticareasthat implicatesensorynervesintheirpathophysiologicalprocesses. Thefocusofthe chaptersisonopioidsandmodulatorsofionchannelsandthenthe?nalchapteris devotedtofuturetreatmentstrategiesforneuropathicpain. Finally,wewouldliketothankallthecontributors,includingco-authors,who agreedtowritechaptersforthisbookandthepublishers,especiallySusanneDathe, fortheirpatienceandassistance. Baltimore B. J. Canning London D. Spina Contents PartI RoleofSensoryNervesinDisease NeuropathicPain:AClinicalPerspective ...3 RalfBaron VisceralPain:TheNeurophysiologicalMechanism...31 JyotiN. Sengupta Migraine ...75 SilviaBenemei,PaolaNicoletti,JayG. Capone,Francesco DeCesaris,andPierangeloGeppetti AfferentNerveRegulationofBladderFunctioninHealth andDisease ...91 WilliamC. deGroatandNaokiYoshimura SensoryNervesandAirwayIrritability...139 B. J. CanningandD. Spina RegulationofCardiacAfferentExcitabilityinIschemia...185 Liang-WuFuandJohnC. Longhurst RolesofGastro-oesophagealAfferentsintheMechanisms andSymptomsofRe?uxDisease ...227 AmandaJ. PageandL. AshleyBlackshaw PartII CellandMolecularMechanismsRegulatingSensory NerveFunction TransientReceptorPotentialChannelsonSensoryNerves ...261 S. R. EidandD. N. Cortright Acid-SensitiveIonChannelsandReceptors ...283 PeterHolzer PurinesandSensoryNerves...333 GeoffreyBurnstock vii viii Contents Sensory-Nerve-DerivedNeuropeptides: PossibleTherapeuticTargets ...393 ElizabethS. Fernandes,SabineM. SchmidhuberandSusanD. Brain CytokineandChemokineRegulationofSensory NeuronFunction ...417 RichardJ. Miller,HosungJung,SoniaK. BhangooandFletcherA. White TheRoleofPeptidesinCentralSensitization ...451 V. S. Seybold PartIII CurrentandFutureTreatmentStrategiesTargeting SensoryNerves OpioidsandSensoryNerves ...495 ChristophSteinandChristianZoTheintentionofthisbookistoprovideacomprehensiveandcontemporaryreview ofthebiologyofsensorynerves. InkeepingwiththethemeoftheHandbookof Experimental Pharmacology series, emphasis will be placed on the actions of drugs,transmittersandautacoidsthatinitiateorinhibitsensorynerveactivation (through actionsonionchannelsandreceptorsattheirperipheralterminals)or modulate the release or actions of the transmitters released from the central terminalsofsensorynerves. Onthebasisofextensivesupportiveevidenceinthe literature, it is our view that many diseases are characterized by alterations in sensorynervefunction(e. g. pain,cardiovasculardiseaseandmigraine). Itisour beliefthatthisbookwillbeunique,asitwillcomprehensivelycovertheroleof sensory nerves across many therapeutic areas. To address directly one of the editorialboardqueries,thisisnotintendedtobeabookaboutthepharmacology ofpain. Thatsaid,tomostpharmacologists,painisthemostobviousindicationfor aroleorsensorynervesindisease. Webelievethatthelessonslearntfromthestudy ofneuropathicpainwillbeinvaluableforresearchersintheothertherapeuticareas covered inthisvolume. Sincemostinterest hasfocusedontheroleofsensory nervesinneuropathicpain,wehaveaddedanumberofchaptersdevotedtothis subject. Thebookisorganizedinthreeparts,coveringthetypesandrolesofsensory nervesinsomaticandvisceraldisorders(PartI),speci?ctargetsonsensorynerves relevanttopainandvisceraldisorders(PartII)andadescriptionofcurrentand futuretherapeuticstrategiesfortargetingsensorynerves(PartIII). The?rsttwochaptersinPartIaredevotedtodescribingtheclinicalfeaturesof neuropathicpainandvisceralpain. Ourintentionisfortheauthorstoprovidea clinicalviewpointonthefeaturesoftheseconditionsandtheadvantages\/disadv- tagesofcurrenttreatmentmodalities. Thenext?vechaptersinPartIfocusonthe roleofsensorynervesinotherpathologicalconditions. Severalcommonthemes willemergeinthispart,includingthemodeofsensorynerveactivationinvarious tissues and organs, the alterations in sensory nerve excitability associated with disease,andtheimportanceofin?ammationandin?ammatorymediatorsininiti- ingalteredsensorynervefunctionindisease. v vi Preface Whilstthe?rstpartfocusesontheclinicaland\/orsystemsphysiology,PartIIhas itsfocusatthecellandmolecularlevel. Thisparthighlightsthecurrentundersta- ingofproteins\/ionchannels\/mediatorsthathavecreatedthemostintenserecent interestintheareaofsensorynervebiology. Together,thesechapterswillgivethe reader important knowledge about how sensory nerve function can be altered pharmacologically. Thelastchapterinthispartdescribestheprocessesthatgive risetoalteredneuralre?exesatthecentrallevel. Themechanismsdescribedin thesechaptersreinforcetheroleofproteins\/mediatorshighlightedinthepreceding chapters. Theroleofthesecellular,molecularandphysiologicalprocessesinthe diseasesdiscussedinPart1areemphasized. TheaimofPartIIIistohighlightpotentialdrugtargetsthatmightaltersensory nervefunction. Mostoftheworkhasbeendevotedtothetreatmentofneuropathic painandsothispartheavilyemphasizesthissubject. However,aswillbeapparent fromPartI,manyofthesetargetscouldbeutilizedinothertherapeuticareasthat implicatesensorynervesintheirpathophysiologicalprocesses. Thefocusofthe chaptersisonopioidsandmodulatorsofionchannelsandthenthe?nalchapteris devotedtofuturetreatmentstrategiesforneuropathicpain. Finally,wewouldliketothankallthecontributors,includingco-authors,who agreedtowritechaptersforthisbookandthepublishers,especiallySusanneDathe, fortheirpatienceandassistance. Baltimore B. J. Canning London D. Spina Contents PartI RoleofSensoryNervesinDisease NeuropathicPain:AClinicalPerspective ...3 RalfBaron VisceralPain:TheNeurophysiologicalMechanism...31 JyotiN. Sengupta Migraine ...75 SilviaBenemei,PaolaNicoletti,JayG. Capone,Francesco DeCesaris,andPierangeloGeppetti AfferentNerveRegulationofBladderFunctioninHealth andDisease ...91 WilliamC. deGroatandNaokiYoshimura SensoryNervesandAirwayIrritability...139 B. J. CanningandD. Spina RegulationofCardiacAfferentExcitabilityinIschemia...185 Liang-WuFuandJohnC. Longhurst RolesofGastro-oesophagealAfferentsintheMechanisms andSymptomsofRe?uxDisease ...227 AmandaJ. PageandL. AshleyBlackshaw PartII CellandMolecularMechanismsRegulatingSensory NerveFunction TransientReceptorPotentialChannelsonSensoryNerves ...261 S. R. EidandD. N. Cortright Acid-SensitiveIonChannelsandReceptors ...283 PeterHolzer PurinesandSensoryNerves...333 GeoffreyBurnstock vii viii Contents Sensory-Nerve-DerivedNeuropeptides: PossibleTherapeuticTargets ...393 ElizabethS. Fernandes,SabineM. SchmidhuberandSusanD. Brain CytokineandChemokineRegulationofSensory NeuronFunction ...417 RichardJ. Miller,HosungJung,SoniaK. BhangooandFletcherA. White TheRoleofPeptidesinCentralSensitization ...451 V. S. Seybold PartIII CurrentandFutureTreatmentStrategiesTargeting SensoryNerves OpioidsandSensoryNerves ...495 ChristophSteinandChristianZollner ThePharmacologyofVoltage-GatedSodiumChannels inSensoryNeurones ...519 ReginaldJ. DochertyandClareE. Farmer RoleofCalciuminRegulatingPrimarySensory NeuronalExcitability ...563 T. D. Gover,T. H. MoreiraandD. Weinreich FutureTreatmentStrategiesforNeuropathicPain...589 FabienMarchand,NicholasG. JonesandStephenB.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51060976189713,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51060978680081,"sku":"NIN9783540790891","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52586210525457,"sku":"NLS9783540790891","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3540790896.jpg?v=1751318029"},{"product_id":"pharmacology-and-therapeutics-of-asthma-and-copd-book-clive-p-page-9783642055904","title":"Pharmacology and Therapeutics of Asthma and COPD","description":"The aim of the book is to provide an in-depth review of our current understanding of the pathogenesis of both asthma and COPD. This volume also discusses the promising new options for pharmacological intervention of these diseases. Each chapter is extensively referenced, generously illustrated with clear diagrams and photographs, and represents a state-of-the-art review of this important area of lung biology.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51061823668497,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51061826355473,"sku":"NIN9783642055904","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52480323354897,"sku":"NLS9783642055904","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":52817279451409,"sku":"CIN3642055907G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":53410067120401,"sku":"GOR014911995","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3642055907.jpg?v=1751253648"},{"product_id":"purinergic-and-pyrimidinergic-signalling-book-maria-p-abracchio-9783540678496","title":"Purinergic and Pyrimidinergic Signalling","description":"Physiological, pharmacological and molecular biological data generated over the past three decades have demonstrated the existence of two major families of extracellular receptors, the P1, a family of four G-protein coupled receptors and the P2, a family of at least 12 receptors responsive to purine (ATP, ADP) and pyrimidine (UTP) nucleotides through which adenosine and ATP can function as extracellular messengers. The present two-part volume represents an integrated compendium of invited chapters by leading researchers in the area focusing on advances in the understanding of purinergic and pyrimidinergic signaling systems, their role(s) in tissue function and pathophysiology and advances in developing potential new medications based on the modulation of P1 and P2 receptor signaling processes. The volumes will thus provide the reader with a topical, comprehensive and integrated overview of this important area.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51062629302545,"sku":"NIN9783540678496","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52663406592273,"sku":"NLS9783540678496","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3540678492.jpg?v=1751158997"},{"product_id":"analgesia-book-christoph-stein-9783540338222","title":"Analgesia","description":"Analgesics are among the oldest drugs described, albeit not necessarily for medicinaluse. Forexample,theSumeriansisolatedopioids(probablyfortheir euphoric effects) in the third millennium b. c. and the use of willow bark (salicin) for fever was ?rst reported in the eighteenth century. Both types of drugs are still in use, but today they are supplemented by a wide array of substances ranging from antidepressants to ion channel blockers. Not all of theseareprescribedbyphysicians. Manycompoundsaresoldoverthecounter and thus available to the public for self-medication. As a result, analgesics are also the most misused class of drugs and are the culprit for a multitude of healthproblemsdueto untoward sideeffects. Thisvolumeattemptstosummarizethecurrentstateofknowledgeonme- anisms underlying the various effects of these drugs, their side effect pro?les, and their indications and contraindications in clinical use. It also gives - sights into current efforts to discover novel mechanisms underlying different types of pain generation and the resulting development of new modulating compounds. Theseefforts haveemergedmostlyas aconsequenceofthemore profound insights provided by molecular methods and of the now common use of animal models of pathological, rather than physiological, pain. These important issues are elaborated in the introductory chapter. In parallel, c- temporaryinterdisciplinarytreatmentapproacheshavetaughtusthatsomatic mechanisms alone cannot explain pain; it is an experience shaped as well by social context, memory, and other psychological phenomena. Thus, the book closes with two chapters putting pharmacological strategies into a broader perspective. All of these advancements culminate in the contemporary c- mon goal of developing mechanism-based rather thanempiric approaches to thetreatment ofpain.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51063555588369,"sku":"NIN9783540338222","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52409816875281,"sku":"NLS9783540338222","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3540338225.jpg?v=1750967720"},{"product_id":"nociceptin-orphanin-fq-peptide-receptor-book-mei-chuan-ko-9783030201852","title":"The Nociceptin\/Orphanin FQ Peptide Receptor","description":"The aim of this book is not only to introduce readers with a broad spectrum of biological actions of the NOP receptor, but also to feature a detailed look at the N\/OFQ-NOP receptor system, medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, and clinical data of NOP-targeted ligands. This special volume book - for the first time focusing on the NOP receptor - is designed to serve as a useful reference, stimulate more research on the N\/OFQ-NOP receptor system, and lead to more development of NOP-related ligands for several therapeutic applications.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51064547836177,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51064550326545,"sku":"NIN9783030201852","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52659398476049,"sku":"NLS9783030201852","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3030201856.jpg?v=1750933845"},{"product_id":"pediatric-clinical-pharmacology-book-hannsjrg-seyberth-9783642201943","title":"Pediatric Clinical Pharmacology","description":"The objective of this volume is to give an overview of the present state of the art of pediatric clinical pharmacology including developmental physiology, pediatric-specific pathology, special tools and methods for development of drugs for children (assessment of efficacy, toxicity, long-term safety etc.) as well as regulatory and ethical knowledge and skills. In the future, structural and educational changes have to lead back to a closer cooperation and interaction of pediatrics with (clinical) pharmacology and pharmacy.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51067033256209,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51067035451665,"sku":"NIN9783642201943","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52675440181521,"sku":"NLS9783642201943","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3642201946.jpg?v=1750967419"},{"product_id":"principles-of-safety-pharmacology-book-michael-k-pugsley-9783662469422","title":"Principles of Safety Pharmacology","description":"This book illustrates, in a comprehensive manner, the most current areas of importance to Safety Pharmacology, a burgeoning unique pharmacological discipline with important ties to academia, industry and regulatory authorities. It provides readers with a definitive collection of topics containing essential information on the latest industry guidelines and overviews current and breakthrough topics in both functional and molecular pharmacology. An additional novelty of the book is that it constitutes academic, pharmaceutical and biotechnology perspectives for Safety Pharmacology issues. Each chapter is written by an expert in the area and includes not only a fundamental background regarding the topic but also detailed descriptions of currently accepted, validated models and methods as well as innovative methodologies used in drug discovery.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51142686277905,"sku":"NIN9783662469422","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52144629186833,"sku":"NLS9783662469422","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/B01IQHN3MK.jpg?v=1750999606"},{"product_id":"ergot-alkaloids-and-related-compounds-book-b-berde-9783642667770","title":"Ergot Alkaloids and Related Compounds","description":"Une decouverte scientifique ...n'est ja- mais l'reuvre d'un seul homme et chacun de ceux qui y ont concouru lui ont donne bien des veilles. Louis Pasteur Traditionally every volume of the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology is expected to give a comprehensive account of the topic it is devoted to. This is a relatively easy task if the subject has a short history, but if the problems in question have been worked on for half a century or longer the feasibility of integral coverage becomes questionable. In such cases more attention is usually given to the literature of the last decades, whereas older findings are dealt with in a summary fashion - with due exception to findings which can be considered classic. The situation is particularly complex if the origin of the subject is a natural drug whose actions - proven or alleged - were first recorded several centuries ago and where medical use can be traced back at least one and a half centuries (STEARNS, 1808) - as is the case of ergot of rye. As editors of the present volume of this Handbook, we did not have to face the full impact of these difficulties as two previous volumes have already been devoted to the pharmacologic actions of substances extracted from ergot of rye. The first of these, written by Arthur Cushny in 1914, was published in 1924 [A. R. CUSHNY: Mutterkorn. Handb. exper. Pharmakol. II, 2, 1297-1354 (1924)].","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51197809295633,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":51197810114833,"sku":"GOR014197242","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3642667775.jpg?v=1751415929"},{"product_id":"endolysosomal-voltage-dependent-cation-channels-book-christian-wahl-schott-9783031315251","title":"Endolysosomal Voltage-Dependent Cation Channels","description":"This book covers the molecular structures and the cellular and in vivo function of endosomes and lysosomes, i.e. intracellular vesicles which are involved in many cellular processes such as endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, degradation of material from inside (e.g. autophagy) and outside the cell as well as exocytosis. Membranes of endolysosomal organelles contain an amazing number and diversity of ion channels. These ion channels are the topic of the present book that focusses on describing the structure, the biophysical properties, physiological functions of endolysosomal ion channels at the molecular, cellular and in vivo level.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51608019763473,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":51608019927313,"sku":"NGR9783031315251","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3031315251.jpg?v=1750902084"},{"product_id":"natural-products-as-sources-of-novel-drugs-book-cherry-l-wainwright-9783031802928","title":"Natural Products as Sources of Novel Drugs","description":"This book reflects the state of the art in the field of natural product drug discovery. The work explores what advances have been made in discovering novel compounds from terrestrial, marine and microbial sources for use in the treatment and management of both non-communicable (e.g. cardiovascular, neurodegenerative) and communicable (e.g. malaria) diseases. Each chapter is authored by international experts who present detailed analysis of the pipeline of natural product-derived drugs in their field. This book makes a valuable contribution to the field and appeals to researchers in all branches of natural product research.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51680484262161,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51680484524305,"sku":"NIN9783031802928","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":52152375116049,"sku":"NGR9783031802928","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3031802926.jpg?v=1769681405"},{"product_id":"drug-delivery-and-targeting-book-monika-schfer-korting-9783031528668","title":"Drug Delivery and Targeting","description":"Since the publication of the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology Vol. 197 in 2010 there have been important advances in drug development, drug delivery and – more recently – drug targeting. This is in particular relevant with the new generation of drugs acting on the immune system and tumors. These are quite often accompanied by major adverse reactions. Safe therapy is, therefore, an important area of research, in particular in chronic diseases and in persons of old age. In addition, the Covid-19 pandemic has brought renewed attention to vaccinations against viral infections, and mRNA vaccines have been tested for vaccination in tumor therapy, too. Vaccine delivery has stimulated important research on carriers which may pave the way for other applications and enhance a path to e.g. CRISPR-cas therapy.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51728276914449,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":51728277242129,"sku":"NGR9783031528668","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3031528662.jpg?v=1751063701"},{"product_id":"anion-channels-and-transporters-book-christoph-fahlke-9783031513480","title":"Anion Channels and Transporters","description":"This book provides an overview on recent progress in anion channels and transporters. It covers multiple scales of analysis ranging from studying the molecular basis of function at atomic resolution to cellular consequences to channel\/transporter dysfunction and approaches to correct such processes by pharmacological intervention. Similar anion channels and transporters are expressed in multiple tissues – often fulfilling similar cellular tasks, but also clearly distinct functions. The aim is to combine work on multiple cell and organ systems.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51728311746833,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":51728312205585,"sku":"NGR9783031513480","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/3031513487.jpg?v=1751127194"},{"product_id":"circadian-clocks-book-achim-kramer-9783642448539","title":"Circadian Clocks","description":"This book provides the reader with a contemporary and comprehensive overview about the molecular, cellular and system-wide principles of circadian clock regulation. Emphasis is placed on the importance of circadian clocks for the timing of therapeutic interventions.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52089297633553,"sku":"NLS9783642448539","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642448539.jpg?v=1756906648"},{"product_id":"bile-acids-and-their-receptors-book-stefano-fiorucci-9783030220044","title":"Bile Acids and Their Receptors","description":"This book focusses on the latest results related to the field of  bile acids as signaling molecules  and describes how these receptors have become a major pharmacological target.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52089359499537,"sku":"NLS9783030220044","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783030220044.jpg?v=1756906884"},{"product_id":"antimalarial-drugs-i-book-al-jr-ager-9783642692536","title":"Antimalarial Drugs I","description":"Of all the parasitic diseases that beset man in the warmer parts of the world, malaria is still the major cause of morbidity and mortality. In spite of intensive efforts to interrrupt its transmission malaria still threatens over 800 million people, more than one-fifth of the world's population. Malignant tertian malaria caused by Plasmodium Jalciparum probably kills a million every year. Vivax malaria temporarily incapacitates millions more. The search for antimalarial drugs, both natural and syn. thetic, has been and continues to be one of the most challenging and, at times, rewarding exercises ever undertaken by ;:;hemists and biologists. The magnitude of the effort is reflected by the fact that, in the last 15 years, well over 250000 compounds have been screened for antimalarial activity in just one programme, that carried out under the auspices of the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, not to mention sporadic studies undertaken by other research workers and organisations. While most people engaged in the search for new drugs agree that a rational approach based on knowledge of the intimate biochemical pathways of the target cells would be ideal as well as intellectually satisfying, most are reluctantly obliged to concede that, up to the present time, the chances of success following a more or less empirical search have been far greater. Spectacular advances in molecular biology and biochemistry in recent years, however, are rapidly changing this situation.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52089375228177,"sku":"NLS9783642692536","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642692536.jpg?v=1756906948"},{"product_id":"gtpases-in-biology-i-book-k-aktories-9783642782695","title":"GTPases in Biology I","description":"Recent advances in molecular biology have shown GTPases and phosphoproteins to be the paramount molecular switches utilized intracellularly in biological systems. The origins of the GTPase switch appear to be almost as ancient as life itself, and through evolution nature has adapted this switch to a variety of purposes. In this two-volume work a broad survey of the major classes of GTPases is presented. The role of GTPases in ensuring accuracy during protein translation, a new look at the trimeric G-protein cycle, the molecular function of ARF in vesicle coating, the emerging role of the dynamin family in vesicle transfer, GTPases which activate GTPases during nascent protein translocation, and the many roles of ras-related proteins in growth, cytoskeletal polymerization, and vesicle transfer, are all described in 80 chapters by the leading authorities in their fields. Both detailed knowledge of specific systems or proteins and general principles of structure and function are offered. Much of this information has never been published before. At the rate the extended family of GTPases is growing it becomes increasingly unlikely that we will again get it to sit for a group portrait such as this. Therefore, the volume has the chance to become the reference work for GTPases.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52126750507281,"sku":"NLS9783642782695","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642782695.jpg?v=1757479469"},{"product_id":"pharmacokinetics-of-drugs-book-peter-g-welling-9783642786822","title":"Pharmacokinetics of Drugs","description":"A compilation of researchers' experience in the areas of bioanalysis, pharmacokinetics, and drug metabolism, to present an up-to-date and comprehensive treatise on the application of these and related technologies in drug discovery, development, and clinical use. Contents cover descriptions of analytical methods, in vitro metabolism technology and membrane transport, reappraisal of classical pharmacokinetic problems, and the time course of drug action. The book concludes with a description of PET and imaging methods in pharmacokinetics and an appendix containing a critical appraisal of computer methods and pharmacokinetic software available for PCs.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52126800412945,"sku":"NLS9783642786822","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642786822.jpg?v=1757480062"},{"product_id":"serotoninergic-neurons-and-5-ht-receptors-in-the-cns-book-hg-baumgarten-9783540667155","title":"Serotoninergic Neurons and 5-HT Receptors in the CNS","description":"In 1966, Vittorio Erspamer, the editor of the first monograph within the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology series that dealt with 5-hydroxy- tryptamine (Vol. XIX) wrote in the Preface: \"In a decade of intense and dedicated work, an immense amount of experimental data has been collected, the significance of which ...has spread into all fields of biology and medi- cine ...\". Three decades later, a dramatic further increase in our knowledge of all neuroscientific aspects of the serotoninergic system in the CNS has been achieved, and we are witnessing persisting interest in the biology of serotonin of scientists working in various basic biomedical and clinical disciplines. The scientific advance was made possible by significant improvements in analytical and morphological technologies of high sensitivity and cellular\/subcellular resolution (e. g. , patch clamp techniques, in vivo microdialysis, electrophysi- ological recording techniques, quantitative ligand autoradiography, immuno- histochemistry, cytochemistry, catalytic enzyme histochemistry, and PET \/ SPECT techniques) and in molecular biology (e. g. , in situ hybridization, PCR cloning, DNA transfection studies, and targeted gene disruption). Particular progress has been made in the anatomy, physiology, and pharmacoogy of ' serotoninergic neurons and their modulatory role in brain functions, in s ~roto- nin receptors and their transduction mechanisms, and in the potential role of serotonin in neuropsychiatric diseases, such as eating disorders, antisocial personality disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, seasonal affective disor- der, and major depression.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52127002296593,"sku":"NLS9783540667155","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783540667155.jpg?v=1757481962"},{"product_id":"opioids-ii-book-mw-adler-9783642775420","title":"Opioids II","description":"This two-volume book provides the first comprehensive survey of opioid research, a field which has accumulated a tremendous amount of literature since the identification of opioid receptors and their endogenous ligands. In more than 60 chapters experts present state-of-the-art reviews of this fascinating field, the topics ranging from molecular biology to clinical applications. Part I covers the multiplicity of opioid receptors, the chemistry of opiates and opioid peptides as well as the neurophysiology of opioids. Part II reviews a broad spectrum of physiological and behavioral functions and pharmacological actions of opioids, together with their neuroendocrinology, opioid tolerance and dependence, concluding with pathophysiological aspects and clinical use.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52127031197969,"sku":"NLS9783642775420","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642775420.jpg?v=1757482191"},{"product_id":"experimental-production-of-diseases-heart-and-circulation-book-j-schmier-9783642454691","title":"Experimental Production of Diseases: Heart and Circulation","description":null,"brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52127104008465,"sku":"NLS9783642454691","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642454691.jpg?v=1757482678"},{"product_id":"adrenergic-activators-and-inhibitors-book-dm-aviado-9783642675867","title":"Adrenergic Activators and Inhibitors","description":null,"brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52127459279121,"sku":"NLS9783642675867","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642675867.jpg?v=1757486737"},{"product_id":"zentralnervensystem-book-christof-stumpf-9783642481017","title":"Zentralnervensystem","description":"Diese Abhandlung stellt unseres Wissens den ersten Versuch einer zusammen- fassenden Mitteilung von Methoden dar, am Tier Krankheitsbilder des ZNS zu erzeugen, welche bekannten Erkrankungen beim Menschen aquivalent oder zu- mindest ahnlich sind. Zweck dieser Zusammenstellung soli sein, dem Pharmako- logen, dem experimentellen Neurologen, dem Pathologen und dem Veterinar- mediziner einen Leitfaden zu geben, der ihn iiber die experimentellen Moglich- keiten in jedem Fall und iiber die bereits geleistete Vorarbeit, doch auch iiber die verschiedenartigen Schwierigkeiten, die ihn erwarten, unterrichten soli. Um diesen vier verschiedenen Disziplinen, die sich hauptsachlich mit Tierversuchen beschafti- gen, gerecht zu werden, muBte in der Darstellung Wert auf Einzelheiten gelegt werden, die aus dem Lehrbuchrahmen herausragen; andererseits aber, um die Darstellung nicht ins uferlose abgleiten zu lassen, muBten Gegebenheiten als bekannt vorausgesetzt werden, die in keinem Lehrbuch fehlen diirften. Daraus ergibt sich eine zwar einseitige Betrachtungsweise, doch dafiir knappe Darstellung des Stoffes. Die Moglichkeit zu eingehenderem Studium einzelner Fragen wird durch Hinweise auf die jeweils einschlagigen Monographien dem Leser iiberlassen. Eine der Hauptschwierigkeiten bei der Zusammenstellung des Materials bildete die Auswahl des Stoffes. Dem Titel des Bandes in seiner wortwortlichen Bedeutung gerecht zu werden, ware ein Unternehmen, das sich auf wenigen Seiten darstellen lieBe, doch kaum jemandem niitzen wiirde.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52129267319057,"sku":"NLS9783642481017","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642481017.jpg?v=1757495749"},{"product_id":"cognitive-enhancement-book-kathleen-m-kantak-9783319165219","title":"Cognitive Enhancement","description":"This book highlights the behavioral and neurobiological issues relevant for drug development, reviews evidence for an innovative approach for drug discovery and presents perspectives on multiple special topics ranging from therapeutic drug use in children, emerging technologies and non-pharmacological approaches to cognitive enhancement.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52130039628049,"sku":"NLS9783319165219","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783319165219.jpg?v=1757501540"},{"product_id":"calcitonin-gene-related-peptide-cgrp-mechanisms-book-susan-d-brain-9783030214531","title":"Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) Mechanisms","description":"This book is designed to focus on the role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in health and disease. This peptide, originally discovered in the 1980s as a sensory neuropeptide with cardiovascular effects, is now known to play a distinct role in the pain processing of migraine. The various chapters address the origin, localization and function of CGRP and its receptor in the peripheral nervous system, in the cardiovascular system, and in other tissues and organs. Further attention is paid to the drug discovery pathway where recent findings show the beneficial effect of small molecule antagonists of the CGRP receptors for the relief of the migraine attack and of monoclonal antibodies against CGRP or the CGRP receptor for migraine prevention.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52130807447825,"sku":"NLS9783030214531","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783030214531.jpg?v=1757504905"},{"product_id":"sphingolipids-in-disease-book-erich-gulbins-9783709117453","title":"Sphingolipids in Disease","description":"Sphingolipids are lipid components of the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells with an important function in signaling mechanisms in the cell. This  book provides insight into the physiological and pathophysiological role of sphingolipids and in particular its derivative ceramide. The function of Sphingolipids in cell signaling with regard to infectious and lung diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders are described and treated in distinct parts. Together with Volume 215 from the same Editors, the collection represents a unique, comprehensive work on Sphingolipids, providing information on both: Sphingolipid basic biology  as well as its important function in a (patho)physiological context. The book is written for scientists in pharmacology, biochemistry and cell biology with a focus on biomedical research as well as for clinicians in pharmacology, oncology, cardiology, neurology and infectious disease.   ​","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52131293823249,"sku":"NLS9783709117453","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783709117453.jpg?v=1757509084"},{"product_id":"antidepressants-past-present-and-future-book-sheldon-h-preskorn-9783540430544","title":"Antidepressants: Past, Present and Future","description":"This book is being published as we mark the end of the first 50 years of the modern antidepressant era. This era began with the chance discovery that tri- clic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors had antidepressant p- perties. That discovery had three consequences. First, it brought simple and effective treatment to patients suffering from major depressive illnesses. Second, these discoveries, together with the discovery of lithium and chlorpromazine, began the remedicalization of psychiatry by making it clear that the treatment of many of the major psychiatric illnesses can be approached in the same way as other medical conditions. However, the most far-reaching effect was to provide the first clue as to what mechanisms might underlie antidepressant efficacy, a development that has led to an explosion in the number of available an- depressants and to their widespread use. The goal of this book is to provide a thorough review of the current status of antidepressants--how we arrived at this point in their evolution and where we are going in both the near and the long term. The book employs both a scientific and historical approach to accomplish these goals. The book is intended for practitioners who use antidepressants on a daily basis in their practice as well as for the student and researcher. Each will find that the book provides a comprehensive and logical approach to this important group of medications. The importance of the book is a function of its topic.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52135921549585,"sku":"NLS9783540430544","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783540430544.jpg?v=1757551642"},{"product_id":"high-density-lipoproteins-book-arnold-von-eckardstein-9783319096643","title":"High Density Lipoproteins","description":"In this Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology on “High Density Lipoproteins – from biological understanding to clinical exploitation” contributing authors (members of COST Action BM0904\/HDLnet) summarize in more than 20 chapters our current knowledge on the structure, function, metabolism and regulation of HDL in health and several diseases as well as the status of past and ongoing attempts of therapeutic exploitation.  The book is of interest to researchers in academia and industry focusing on lipoprotein metabolism, cardiovascular diseases and immunology as well as clinical pharmacologists, cardiologists, diabetologists, nephrologists and other clinicians interested in metabolic or inflammatory diseases.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52137850634513,"sku":"NLS9783319096643","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783319096643.jpg?v=1757559506"},{"product_id":"placebo-book-fabrizio-benedetti-9783662445181","title":"Placebo","description":"Due to the recent explosion of placebo research at many levels the Editors believe that a volume on Placebo would be a good addition to the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology series. In particular, this volume will be built up on a meeting on Placebo which will be held in Tuebingen (Germany) in January 2013, and where the most prominent researchers in this field will present and exchange their ideas. The authors who will be invited to write chapters for this volume will be the very same speakers at this meeting, thus guaranteeing high standard and excellence in the topic that will be treated. The approach of the book is mainly pharmacological, including basic research and clinical trials, and the contents range from different medical conditions and systems, such as pain and the immune system, to different experimental approaches, like in vivo receptor binding and pharmacological\/behavioral conditioning. Overall, the volume will give an idea of modern placebo research, of timely concepts in both experimental and clinical pharmacology, as well as of modern methods and tools in neuroscience.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52138232873233,"sku":"NLS9783662445181","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783662445181.jpg?v=1757561581"},{"product_id":"pharmacology-of-the-wnt-signaling-system-book-gunnar-schulte-9783030855017","title":"Pharmacology of the WNT Signaling System","description":"This book reflects the state of the art of our understanding of the WNT signaling system, which comprises a network of signaling pathways initiated by the secreted WNT lipoglycoproteins, which are crucial for embryonal development, stem cell regulation, tissue homeostasis and repair.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52138588832017,"sku":"NLS9783030855017","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783030855017.jpg?v=1757563787"},{"product_id":"antithrombotics-book-andrew-cg-uprichard-9783642641909","title":"Antithrombotics","description":"An up-to-date overview of blood coagulation, hemostatis, and thrombosis, this volume also provides a state-of-the-art report of current anti-thrombotic and anti-coagulant strategies as well as a summary of current research interest in the area and potential future targets. It attempts to balance traditional pharmacology with the newer sciences of molecular biology and in so doing, sets a framework for future advances in the field. The book is a concise, current and useful reference for the basic researcher as well as the practicing physician working in the fields of cardiology, internal medicine or surgery.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52138729668881,"sku":"NLS9783642641909","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642641909.jpg?v=1757564783"},{"product_id":"physiology-and-pharmacology-of-biological-rhythms-book-peter-h-redfern-9783540615255","title":"Physiology and Pharmacology of Biological Rhythms","description":"Measured by any criteria, research in chronobiology in general and chronopharmacology in particular has expanded rapidly in recent years. This expansion has been paralleled by an increasing recognition by those outside the field of the relevance and significance of recent developments in chronobiology. Advances in two areas have been chiefly responsible. First, application of the full range of modern techniques in behavioral, neurochemical, and molecular biology have greatly improved our understanding of basic clock mechanisms. In several species the genetic basis of the circadian clock is being progressively delineated. A complete picture of the neurochemical and neuroanatomical structure of the mammalian clock is emerging and the complex pattern of control mechanisms involving endogenous clock mechan- isms and photic and nonphotic zeitgebers is being built up as a result of behavioral studies. Secondly, in parallel with these exciting developments in basic science, clinical applications are being convincingly demonstrated in the general fields of pharmacology and medicine as well as in specific areas, e.g., jet lag, shiftwork maladaption syndrome, blindness, and cardiovascular system. It is therefore an opportune time to review progress in the field of chronopharmacology and to introduce some of the exciting developments and prospects to a readership beyond the confines of the chronobiological cognoscenti. This volume is therefore aimed primarily at the pharmacologist - whether basic, applied, or clinical-who is not a specialist in chronobiology.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52139727749393,"sku":"NLS9783540615255","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783540615255.jpg?v=1757570657"},{"product_id":"physiology-and-pharmacology-of-the-blood-brain-barrier-book-michael-wb-bradbury-9783642768965","title":"Physiology and Pharmacology of the Blood-Brain Barrier","description":"The blood-brain barrier is still not completely understood and therefore the subject of fascinating study. How are endogenous substances transported through the blood-brain barrier? What are the known therapeutic and toxic agents? How are they transported across cerebral microvessels? The discussion of these and other questions with far-reaching consequences for all neuroscientists can be found in this volume. This authoritative and up-to-date review of the blood-brain barrier gives a proper understanding of the topic. The experimental principles, the results of very recent research, as well as the implications that experimental research has for clinical treatment are thoroughly covered. Information is given on: - new findings based on classical physiological and pharmacological techniques, - results obtained from brain capillaries in vitro and in culture, - results obtained from the new scanning techniques (PET and MRI), - the immunology of the blood-brain barrier, - trace metal transport, - the pathological breakdown of the barrier and - the modification of drugs to increase their entry into the brain. Here is a source of information that is invaluable to specialists concerned with basic research in the neurosciences, with the design of neuropharmacological agents, with the radiological diagnosis of cerebral pathology or with the treatment of cerebral lesions!","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52140766527761,"sku":"NLS9783642768965","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642768965.jpg?v=1757575513"},{"product_id":"estrogens-and-antiestrogens-ii-book-michael-oettel-9783642642616","title":"Estrogens and Antiestrogens II","description":"For many years, Springer has been publishing an impressive series of textbooks of pharmacology which have set standards in medical science. Surprisingly, an extensive overview of the current state of the art in research on estrogens and anti estrogens was still lacking. The present two volumes on estrogens and anti estrogens provide a comprehensive review of a field of research in which remarkable progress has been made over the past few years. New insights into the mechanisms of steroid hormone action resulted in a tremendous number of pUblications from which new principles of preventive and therapeutic appli- cations of estrogens and anti estrogens emerged. Although various electronic data bases provide easy access to this copious information, there was a clear necessity for a monograph-style textbook which assesses and summarizes current knowledge in this rapidly expanding field of research. It should be noted, however, that, due to this dynamic development, it is barely possible to comprehensively update every aspect of basic and clinical knowledge on estro- gens and antiestrogens. Thus, the intention of the editors was to provide the reader with an overview of the classic and most recently explored areas of research and stimulate future interests in basic and applied endocrinology. Estrogens were among the first steroid hormones described in the scientific literature. Since they were first isolated, since the chemical, synthesic and pharmacological characterization of naturally occurring estrogens and, later on, of orally active derivatives, estrogen research has produced continu- ously hallmark results in reproductive endocrinology worldwide.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52140820267281,"sku":"NLS9783642642616","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642642616.jpg?v=1757575753"},{"product_id":"pharmacological-aspects-of-drug-dependence-book-charles-r-schuster-9783642646317","title":"Pharmacological Aspects of Drug Dependence","description":"In spite of a \"war on drugs\" that spans years, and in spite of increases in law enforcement efforts and to a lesser extent treatment, substance abuse and dependence continue. While the number of people who experiment with drugs has decreased in recent years, those who use drugs repeatedly, per­ haps several times a week, a measure of \"hard core\" drug abusers, has not changed, and emergency room visits associated with substances abuse continues to rise. Considering both licit and illicit drug abuse, the number of drug abusers in, for example, the United States is very large and, accordingly, the cost to society is great. A recent Institute of Medicine study suggests that the overall cost is about $66 billion per year (1990 costs). Certainly when assessing the total cost of substance abuse, we must include of the costs of disease and behavioral disorders that are intimately associated with substance abuse. For example, sharing of needles among illicit drug abusers has been and is a critical vector in the spread of drug resistant TB, AIDS, and hepatitis. Further, the use of drugs and alcohol leads to unsafe sexual practices with the attendant risk of AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. Tragically, infants are born with drugs in their system and with infections and disease transmitted from the mothers who are drug abusers or their sex partners who are drug abusers.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52141760282897,"sku":"NLS9783642646317","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642646317.jpg?v=1757578147"},{"product_id":"antipsychotics-book-john-g-csernansky-9783642646539","title":"Antipsychotics","description":"Antipsychotic drugs were first discovered in 1953, and not since the late 1970s has the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology taken up this topic. A new treatment of this topic would be due under any circumstances; however, this is now particularly true, since remarkable progress has been made on several fronts in furthering our understanding of the mechanisms of antipsychotic drug action. First, we have learned that schizophrenia is an illness with particu- lar neuroanatomical abnormalities, many of which suggest that the illness is caused by errors in neurodevelopment. These findings have helped to form a context for understanding neurochemical aberrations in the illness and suggest new approaches for pharmacological treatment. Propelled forward by rapid advances in neurochemical anatomy, current pathophysiological hypotheses of schizophrenia and antipsychotic drug action have taken on the appearance of complex electrical circuit diagrams. Second, molecular biology studies have now revealed that there is a multiplicity of dopamine receptors (i. e., D, DZshort' j DZlong, D, D, and D ), some of which may become entirely new targets for 3 4 s antipsychotic drug action. Ironically, the development of drugs that are selec- tive for these receptors and that can be used to investigate their function lags behind; yet the discovery of these new receptors offers unparalleled opportu- nities for developing drugs with improved efficacy and fewer side effects.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52141782860049,"sku":"NLS9783642646539","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642646539.jpg?v=1757578259"},{"product_id":"histamine-and-histamine-antagonists-book-brje-uvns-9783642758423","title":"Histamine and Histamine Antagonists","description":"Together with the two previous volumes of the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology on histamine and antihistamines the present publication yields a picture of a still rapidly developing field of research. New techniques and new experimental approaches have brought us new knowledge and deeper insight into the biomedical significance of histamine, even if many questions remain to be answered about the functional and medical implications of this old biogenic amine. The present volume covers the progress in histamine research during the past two decades. A significant chapter concerns techniques for histamine determination. As the result of a consensus meeting in Munich in December 1988, a panel of eminent specialists arrived at common recommendations as to the usefulness of the available histamine assays for the most common experimental biomedical conditions. The heterogeneity of mast cells, with great differences in their reactivity to various stimuli, has become apparent, not only among species but also among the tissues of a species. New informa- tion is presented about the mechanism of exocytosis. The old questions about the role of histamine in the mechanism of gastric secretion and in cardio- vascular and respiratory functions have been studied with new techniques, and the role of HI and H2 receptors discussed. New observations have been made on the occurrence and possible functions of histaminergic neurons and histamine receptors in CNS where a new type of receptor, the H, seems to 3 be widely represented.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52142024065297,"sku":"NLS9783642758423","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642758423.jpg?v=1757579023"},{"product_id":"opioids-i-book-h-akil-9783642774621","title":"Opioids I","description":"In 1957 Otto SCHAUMAN, one of the pionieers in pharmacological research on morphine and the first to prepare synthetic opiates, presented a mono- graph entitled Morphin und morphiniihnliche Verbindungen as Volume 12 of the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Now, 35 years later, we are publishing in the same series a new comprehensive volume covering the present status of opioid research. Since that time the topic has expanded enormously. The identification of opioid receptors and the detection of their endogenous ligands were landmarks which opened a new era in opioid research and fertilized the entire field of neurobiology. The rapid develop- ment of this field is illustrated in the figure, which represents the number of papers published on opioid research since 1970 (searches performed on the MEDLINE data base). 3000 Vl","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52142315634961,"sku":"NLS9783642774621","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/9783642774621.jpg?v=1757579767"}],"url":"https:\/\/www.worldofbooks.com\/en-gb\/collections\/handbook-of-experimental-pharmacology-book-series.oembed?page=2","provider":"World of Books ","version":"1.0","type":"link"}