{"title":"Joseph F O Callaghan","description":"\u003cp\u003eDelve into medieval history with Joseph F. O'Callaghan. Explore the intricacies of medieval Spain through scholarly works. Perfect for history enthusiasts and academic readers alike. Browse now.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"history-of-medieval-spain-book-joseph-f-o-callaghan-9780801492648","title":"A History of Medieval Spain","description":"Medieval Spain is brilliantly recreated, in all its variety and richness, in this comprehensive survey.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":49709125828881,"sku":"CIN0801492645G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":51232765018385,"sku":"NGR9780801492648","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":51455068209425,"sku":"CIN0801492645VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":51690221764881,"sku":"GOR005303021","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0801492645.jpg?v=1758968606"},{"product_id":"reconquest-and-crusade-in-medieval-spain-book-joseph-f-o-callaghan-9780812218893","title":"Reconquest and Crusade in Medieval Spain","description":"Drawing from both Christian and Islamic sources, Reconquest and Crusade in Medieval Spain demonstrates that the clash of arms between Christians and Muslims in the Iberian peninsula that began in the early eighth century was transformed into a crusade by the papacy during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Successive popes accorded to Christian warriors willing to participate in the peninsular wars against Islam the same crusading benefits offered to those going to the Holy Land. Joseph F. O'Callaghan clearly demonstrates that any study of the history of the crusades must take a broader view of the Mediterranean to include medieval Spain.   Following a chronological overview of crusading in the Iberian peninsula from the late eleventh to the middle of the thirteenth century, O'Callaghan proceeds to the study of warfare, military finance, and the liturgy of reconquest and crusading. He concludes his book with a consideration of the later stages of reconquest and crusade up to and including the fall of Granada in 1492, while noting that the spiritual benefits of crusading bulls were still offered to the Spanish until the Second Vatican Council of 1963.   Although the conflict described in this book occurred more than eight hundred years ago, recent events remind the world that the intensity of belief, rhetoric, and action that gave birth to crusade, holy war, and jihad remains a powerful force in the twenty-first century.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":49730653946129,"sku":"NGR9780812218893","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":49916310061329,"sku":"CIN0812218892G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51007930106129,"sku":"NIN9780812218893","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":51407096512785,"sku":"GOR002886053","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":52821989818641,"sku":"GOR014629885","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":53402925039889,"sku":"CIN0812218892VG","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0812218892.jpg?v=1752315972"},{"product_id":"last-crusade-in-the-west-book-joseph-f-o-callaghan-9780812245875","title":"The Last Crusade in the West","description":"The Last Crusade in the West traces Castilian efforts to conquer Granada from the middle of the fourteenth century until the end of the fifteenth. Although the Castilian kings neglected the reconquest for many years, Fernando and Isabel achieved the capitulation of Granada in 1492.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":49874932072721,"sku":"CIN0812245873G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51008123601169,"sku":"NIN9780812245875","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0812245873.jpg?v=1752317139"},{"product_id":"latin-chronicle-of-the-kings-of-castile-book-joseph-f-o-callaghan-9780866982788","title":"The Latin Chronicle of the Kings of Castile","description":null,"brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":50279260389649,"sku":"GOR010590919","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0866982787.jpg?v=1751012636"},{"product_id":"history-of-medieval-spain-book-joseph-f-o-callaghan-9780801408809","title":"A History of Medieval Spain","description":"Medieval Spain is brilliantly recreated, in all its variety and richness, in this comprehensive survey. Likely to become the standard work in English, the book treats the entire Iberian Peninsula and all the people who inhabited it, from the coming of the Visigoths in the fifth century to the reign of Ferdinand and Isabella. Integrating a wealth of information about the diverse peoples, institutions, religions, and customs that flourished in the states that are now Spain and Portugal, Joseph F. O'Callaghan focuses on the continuing attempts to impose political unity on the peninsula.O'Callaghan divides his story into five compact historical periods and discusses political, social, economic, and cultural developments in each period. By treating states together, he is able to put into proper perspective the relationships among them, their similarities and differences, and the continuity of development from one period to the next. He gives proper attention to Spain's contacts with the rest of the medieval world, but his main concern is with the events and institutions on the peninsula itself. Illustrations, genealogical charts, maps, and an extensive bibliography round out a book that will be welcomed by scholars and student of Spanish and Portuguese history and literature, as well as by medievalists, as the fullest account to date of Spanish history in the Middle Ages.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":50316321685777,"sku":"GOR013924169","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0801408806.jpg?v=1761390104"},{"product_id":"clan-callaghan-book-joseph-f-o-callaghan-9780806359168","title":"Clan Callaghan","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis extremely well-researched history of a County Cork sept traces its origins from Cellachan of Cashel, the tenth-century king of Munster, down to modern times. As the English extended their rule over Ireland in the 16th century, more abundant historical data presents a detailed picture of the territory occupied by the sept and the activities of its chieftains. Steady encroachment by English adventurers and speculators, however, imposed severe pressure on the Gaelic way of life. As a consequence of the rebellion of 1641 and the subsequent conquest by Oliver Cromwell, O Callaghan lands were confiscated and the chieftain and his family were transplanted to County Clare. The Confiscated lands were allotted toCromwell's soldiers as a reward for their service. Although some O Callaghans retained their estates by conforming to the Established Church, the majority, who remained on the land as tenants of English landlords, adhered to the Catholic Church. At the end of the 17th century the departure of many Irish soldiers for the continent, where they achieved renown in the service of the kings of France and Spain, deprived the common people of Ireland of their natural leaders. The Penal Laws of the 18th century throttled the Catholic people and condemned many to a life of servitude and poverty. In the early 19th century Catholic Emancipation relieved some of that burden, and the struggle over the land later in the century resulted in the Land Acts that put an end to landlordism and gave tenants a full right of ownership. The restoration of their dignity paved the way to future prosperity. Despite hundreds of years of penury and subjection, the native resilience and intelligence of the O Callaghans has enabled many proud bearers of the name to achieve distinction in nearly every area of human endeavor.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51007660032273,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51007663210769,"sku":"NIN9780806359168","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52136383021329,"sku":"NLS9780806359168","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0806359161.jpg?v=1751395483"},{"product_id":"gibraltar-crusade-book-joseph-f-o-callaghan-9780812223026","title":"The Gibraltar Crusade","description":"The epic battle for control of the Strait of Gibraltar waged by Castile, Morocco, and Granada in the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries is a major, but often overlooked, chapter in the history of the Christian reconquest of Spain. After the Castilian conquest of Seville in 1248 and the submission of the Muslim kingdom of Granada as a vassal state, the Moors no longer loomed as a threat and the reconquest seemed to be over. Still, in the following century, the Castilian kings, prompted by ideology and strategy, attempted to dominate the Strait. As self-proclaimed heirs of the Visigoths, they aspired not only to reconstitute the Visigothic kingdom by expelling the Muslims from Spain but also to conquer Morocco as part of the Visigothic legacy. As successive bands of Muslims over the centuries had crossed the Strait from Morocco into Spain, the kings of Castile recognized the strategic importance of securing Algeciras, Gibraltar, and Tarifa, the ports long used by the invaders.  At a time when European enthusiasm for the crusade to the Holy Land was on the wane, the Christian struggle for the Strait received the character of a crusade as papal bulls conferred the crusading indulgence as well as ancillary benefits. 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Working with Black ministers, he endeavored to improve the quality of life for everyone by creating the Chester Community Improvement Project and Better Housing for Chester. As tensions arose between Black parents and White teachers in his parochial school, and as his outspokenness provoked the city's politicians, complaints were made to Cardinal Krol, Archbishop of Philadelphia. Citing anonymous sources, the cardinal fired Denis as pastor. When he moved to another parish in obedience to the cardinal, Denis lamented, All I want to do is cry, these are my people. Because Cardinal Krol would not identify his anonymous informants, Denis refused to resign as pastor and demanded a hearing in accordance with canon law. The dispute was resolved when the cardinal permitted Denis to accept a position at Saint Mary Seminary in Baltimore. There, before dying of cancer, he devoted himself to teaching young seminarians the nuts and bolts of being a pastor. 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