Part I. The Origins of Islamic Civilization: The Middle East from c.600-1200; Introduction; The Preaching of Islam: 1. Arabia; 2. The Life of the Prophet; The Arab-Muslim Imperium, 632-945: 3. The Arab conquests and the socio-economic bases of empire; 4. The Caliphate; 5. Cosmopolitan Islam: the Islam of the imperial elite; 6. Urban Islam: the Islam of the religious elites; 7. Islamic culture and the separation of state and religion; 8. The fall of the 'Abbasid empire; From Islamic Culture to Islamic Society: Iran and Iraq, 945-c.1200: 9. The post- 'Abbasid Middle Eastern state system; 10. Muslim communities and Middle Eastern societies; 11. The collective ideal; 12. The personal ethic; Conclusion; Part II. The Worldwide Diffusion of Islamic Societies from the Tenth to the Nineteenth Century: Introduction; The Middle Eastern Islamic Societies: 13. Iran: the Mongol, Timurid, and Safavid empires; 14. The Turkish migrations and the Ottoman empire; 15. The Arab Middle East; 16. Islamic North Africa and Spain to the nineteenth century; Islam in Central and Southern Asia: 17. Inner Asia from the Mongol conquests to the nineteenth century; 18. The Indian subcontinent: the Delhi Sultanates and the Mughal empire; 19. The formation of Islamic societies in Southeast Asia; Islam in Africa: 20. Islam in Sudanic, Savannah, and Forest West Africa; 21. Islam in East Africa and the rise of European colonial empires; Conclusion; Part III. The Modern Transformation: Muslim Peoples in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries: Introduction; Nationalism and Islam in the Middle East: 22. Iran: state and religion in the modern era; 23. The dissolution of the Ottoman empire and the modernization of Turkey; 24. Egypt: secularism and Islamic modernity; 25. The Arab Middle East: Arabism, military states, and Islam; 26. North Africa in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries; Secularism and Islam in Central and Southern Asia: 27. The Indian subcontinent: India, Pakistan and Bangladesh; 28. Islam in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines; 29. Inner Asia under Russian and Chinese rule; Islam in Twentieth-Century Africa: 30. Islam in West Africa; 31. Islam in East Africa; 32. Muslims in Europe and America; Conclusion: secularized Islam and Islamic revival.
