(NOTE:
Each chapter concludes with a Summary, Key Terms, Review Questions, Problems, Additional Problems, Group Projects, and References and Readings.)
1. Chemistry: A Science for All Seasons. Science and Technology: The Roots of Knowledge. The Baconian Dream and the Carsonian Nightmare. Science: Testable, Reproducible, Explanatory, Predictive, and Tentative. Limitations of Science. Science and Technology: Risks and Benefits. Chemistry: Its Central Role. Solving Society's Problems: Scientific Research. Chemistry: A Study of Matter and Its Changes. Classification of Matter. Measurement of Matter. Density. Energy: Heat and Temperature. Critical Thinking.
2. Atoms: Are They for Real? Atoms: The Greek Idea. Lavoisier: The Law of Conservation of Mass. Proust: The Law of Definite Proportions. John Dalton and the Atomic Theory of Matter. Out of Chaos: The Periodic Table. Atoms: Real and Relevant. Leucippus Revisited: Molecules.
3. Atomic Structure: Images of the Invisible. Electricity and the Atom. Serendipity in Science: X-Rays and Radioactivity. Three Types of Radioactivity. Rutherford's Experiment: The Nuclear Model of the Atom. Structure of the Nucleus. Electron Arrangement: The Bohr Model. Electron Arrangement: The Quantum Model. Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table. Which Model to Choose?
4. Nuclear Chemistry: The Heart of the Matter. Natural Radioactivity. Nuclear Equations. Half-Life. Radioisotopic Dating. Artificial Transmutation. Uses of Radioisotopes. Nuclear Medicine. Penetrating Power of Radiation. Energy from the Nucleus. Building the Bomb. Radioactive Fallout. Nuclear Power Plants. Thermonuclear Reactions. The Nuclear Age.
5. Chemical Bonds: The Ties That Bind. The Art of Deduction: Stable Electron Configurations. Electron-Dot Structures. Sodium Reacts with Chlorine: The Facts. Sodium Reacts with Chlorine: The Theory. Using Electron-Dot Symbols: More Ionic Compounds. Formulas and Names of Binary Ionic Compounds. Covalent Bonds: Shared Electron Pairs. Unequal Sharing: Polar Covalent Bonds. Polyatomic Molecules: Water, Ammonia, and Methane. Polyatomic Ions. Rules for Writing Electron-Dot Formulas. Odd-Electron Molecules: Free Radicals. Molecular Shapes: The VSEPR Theory. Shapes and Properties: Polar and Nonpolar Molecules. Intermolecular Forces and States of Matter. A Chemical Vocabulary.
6. Chemical Accounting: Mass and Volume Relationships. Chemical Sentences: Equations. Volume Relationships in Chemical Equations. Avogadro's Number: 6.02 X 1023. The Mole: A Dozen Eggs and a Mole of Sugar, Please. Mole and Mass Relationships in Chemical Equations. The Gas Laws. Solutions.
7. Acids and Bases: Please Pass the Protons. Acids and Bases: Experimental Definitions. Acids, Bases, and Salts. Acidic and Basic Anhydrides. Strong and Weak Acids and Bases. The pH Scale. Acid Rain. Antacids: A Basic Remedy. Acids and Bases in Industry and in Us.
8. Oxidation and Reduction: Burn and Unburn. Oxidation and Reduction: Three Views. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents. Electrochemistry: Cells and Batteries. Corrosion. Explosive Reactions. Oxygen: An Abundant and Essential Oxidizing Agent. Other Common Oxidizing Agents. Some Reducing Agents of Interest. A Closer Look at Hydrogen. Oxidation, Reduction, and Living Things.
9. Organic Chemistry: The Infinite Variety of Carbon Compounds. The Unique Carbon Atom. Alkanes. Cyclic Hydrocarbons: Rings and Things. Unsaturated and Hydrocarbons: Alkenes and Alkynes. Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Benzene and Relatives. Chlorinated Hydrocarbons: Many Uses, Some Hazards. The Functional Group. The Alcohol Family. Phenols. Ethers. Aldehydes and Ketones. Carboxylic Acids. Esters: The Sweet Smell of RCOOR'. Amines and Amides. Heterocyclic Compounds: Alkaloids and Others.
10. Polymers: Giants Among Molecules. Polymerization: Making Big Ones Out of Little Ones. Natural Polymers. Celluloid: Billiard Balls and Collars. Polyethylene: From the Battle of Britain to Bread Bags. Addition Polymerization: One + One + One + ... Gives One!. Rubber. Condensation Polymers: Splitting Out Water. Properties of Polymers. Disposal of Plastics. Plastics and Fire Hazards. Plasticizers and Pollution. Plastics and the Future.
11. Chemistry of Earth: Metals and Minerals. Spaceship Earth: The Materials Manifest. The Lithosphere: Organic and Inorganic. Meeting Our Needs: From Sticks to Bricks. Silicates and the Shapes of Things. Modified Silicates: Ceramics, Glass, and Cement. Metals and Ores. Running Out of Everything: Earth's Dwindling Resources. Land Pollution: Solid Wastes. The Three R's of Garbage: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. How Crowded Is Our Spaceship?
12. Air: The Breath of Life. Earth's Atmosphere: Divisions and Composition. Chemistry of the Atmosphere. Temperature Inversion. Natural Pollution. The Air Our Ancestors Breathed. Pollution Goes Global. Coal + Fire = Industrial Smog. Automobile Emissions. Photochemical Smog: Making Haze While the Sun Shines. Acid Rain: Air Pollution = Water Pollution. The Inside Story: Indoor Air Pollution. Ozone: The Double-Edged Sword. Carbon Dioxide and the Greenhouse Effect. The Ultimate Pollutant: Heat. Who Pollutes? How Much?. Paying the Price.
13. Water: Rivers of Life; Seas of Sorrows. Water: Some Unique Properties. Water, Water, Everywhere. The Water Cycle and Natural Contaminants. Chemical Contamination: From Farm, Factory, and Home. An Example of Industrial Pollution: Building a Car. Groundwater Contamination: Tainted Tap Water. Making Water Fit to Drink. Water Treatment Plants. From Wastewater to Drinking Water. The Newest Soft Drink: Bottled Water. Back to the Soil: An Alternative Solution. We're the Solution to Water Pollution.
14. Energy: A Fuels Paradise. Heavenly Sunlight Flooding Earth with Energy. Energy and Chemical Reactions. Energy and the First Law: Energy Is Conserved. Energy and the Second Law: Things Are Going to Get Worse. People Power: Early Uses of Energy. Fossil Fuels: Reserves and Consumption Rates. Coal: The Carbon Rock of Ages. Natural Gas: Mostly Methane. Petroleum: Liquid Hydrocarbons. Convenient Energy: Electricity. Nuclear Fission. Nuclear Fusion: The Sun in a Magnetic Bottle. Harnessing the Sun: Solar Energy. Biomass: Photosynthesis for Fuel. Hydrogen: Light and Powerful. Other Renewable Energy Sources. Energy: How Much Is Too Much?
15. Biochemistry: A Molecular View of Life. The Cell. Energy in Biological Systems. Carbohydrates: A Storehouse of Energy. Fats and Other Lipids. Proteins: Polymers of Amino Acids. Peptide Bond: Peptides and Proteins. Structure of Proteins. Enzymes: Exquisite Precision Machines. Nucleic Acids: Parts and Structure. DNA: Self-Replication. RNA: Protein Synthesis and the Genetic Code. Genetic Engineering.
16. Food: Those Incredible Edible Chemicals. Carbohydrates: The Preferred Fuels. Fats: Energy Reserves, Cholesterol, and Cardiovascular Disease. Proteins: Muscle and Much More. Minerals: Important Inorganic Chemicals in Our Lives. Vitamins: Vital, But Not All Are Amines. Other Essentials: Fiber and Water. Starvation and Fasting. Additives to Enhance Our Food. Poisons in Your Food. A World Without Food Additives. Plants: Sun-Powered Food-Making Machines. Farming With Chemicals: Fertilizers. The War Against Pests. Biological Insect Controls. Herbicides and Defoliants. Sustainable Agriculture. Some Malthusian Mathematics. Can We Feed a Hungry World?
17. Household Chemicals: Helps and Hazards. A History of Cleaning. Fat + Lye = Soap. Synthetic Detergents. Laundry Detergent Formulations. Dishwashing Detergents. Fabric Softeners: Quaternary Ammonium Salts. Laundry Bleaches: Whiter Whites. All-Purpose Cleaning Products. Special-Purpose Cleaners. Organic Solvents in the Home. Paints. Waxes. Cosmetics: Personal Care Chemicals. Toothpaste: Soap with Grit and Flavor. Perfumes, Colognes, and Aftershaves. Some Hairy Chemistry. The Well-Informed Consumer.
18. Fitness and Health: Some Chemical Connections. Nutrition. Vitamins and Minerals. Body Fluids: Electrolytes. Weight Loss Diets. Exercise for Weight Loss. Measuring Fitness. Some Chemistry of Muscles. Drugs and the Athlete. Exercise and the Brain. No Smoking. Chemistry of Sports Materials. The Power of Optimism.
19. Drugs: Chemical Cures, Comforts, and Cautions. Pain Relievers: Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. Chemistry and the Common Cold. Antibacterial Drugs. Viruses and Antiviral Drugs. Chemicals Against Cancer. Hormones: The Regulators. Chemistry and Social Revolution: The Pill. Drugs for the Heart. Drugs and the Mind. Some Chemistry of the Nervous System. Brain Amines: Depression and Mania. Anesthetics. Depressants. Narcotics. Antianxiety Agents. Stimulant Drugs. The Mindbenders: LSD. Marijuana: Some Chemistry of Cannabis. Drug Problems. The Placebo Effect. New Uses for Old Drugs.
20. Poisons: Chemical Toxicology. Natural Poisons. Corrosive Poisons: A Closer Look. Poisons Affecting Oxygen Transport and Oxidative Processes. Make Your Own Poison: Fluoroacetic Acid. Heavy Metal Poisons. More Chemistry of the Nervous System. The Lethal Dose. Your Liver: A Detox Facility. Chemical Carcinogens: Slow Poisons. Testing for Carcinogens: Three Ways. Birth Defects: Teratogens. Hazardous Wastes. What Price Poisons?
Appendix A: A Review of Measurements and Mathematics. Appendix B: Glossary. Appendix C: Answers. Index. 