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The Great Chain of Being is an excursion into the past, with a clear mission-to discourage the assumption that all is known, or that what is known is not subject to modification at a later time. Lovejoy reaffirms the intrinsic worth of diversity, as a caution against certitude. By this he does not mean toleration of indifference, or relativity for its own sake, but an appreciation of mental and physical process of human beings. As Peter Stanlis notes in his introduction: Faith in the great chain of being was finally largely extinguished by the combined influences of Romantic idealism, Darwin's theory of evolution, and Einstein's theory of relativity. 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A documentary and analytical record, the book presents the classical background of primitivism and anti-primitivism in modern literature, historiography, and social and moral philosophy, and comprises chapters that center around particular ancient concepts and authors, including cynicism, stoicism, epicureanism, Plato, Aristotle, Lucretius, and Cicero. According to the authors in their preface, \"there is some reason to think that this background is not universally familiar to those whose special field of study lie within the period of the Renaissance to our own time\"; this book, in which the original Greek and Latin sources stand side by side with their English translations, will prove useful to scholars from a variety of disciplines who study this period.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49633943650577,"sku":"GOR010273915","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50366929830161,"sku":"CIN0801856116G","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ WELL_READ \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":51142787760401,"sku":"GOR011981270","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52148969242897,"sku":"NLS9780801856112","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0801856116.jpg?v=1751395063"},{"product_id":"revolt-against-dualisman-inquiry-concerning-the-existence-of-ideas-book-arthur-o-lovejoy-9781017740172","title":"The Revolt Against DualismAn Inquiry Concerning The Existence Of Ideas","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. 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We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51015547158801,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51015550435601,"sku":"NIN9781017740172","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1017740178.jpg?v=1751173233"},{"product_id":"revolt-against-dualism-book-arthur-o-lovejoy-9781022889552","title":"The Revolt Against Dualism","description":null,"brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51017880830225,"sku":"NIN9781022889552","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1022889559.jpg?v=1751400151"},{"product_id":"revolt-against-dualism-book-arthur-o-lovejoy-9781162978871","title":"The Revolt Against Dualism","description":null,"brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51020939559185,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51020940181777,"sku":"NIN9781162978871","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1162978872.jpg?v=1751269713"},{"product_id":"revolt-against-dualisman-inquiry-concerning-the-existence-of-ideas-book-arthur-o-lovejoy-9781017744729","title":"The Revolt Against DualismAn Inquiry Concerning The Existence Of Ideas","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eScholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51106593046801,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51106597044497,"sku":"NIN9781017744729","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1017744726.jpg?v=1750789555"},{"product_id":"revolt-against-dualism-book-arthur-o-lovejoy-9780548133637","title":"The Revolt Against Dualism","description":null,"brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51147117297937,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51147121295633,"sku":"NIN9780548133637","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0548133638.jpg?v=1750879148"},{"product_id":"revolt-against-dualism-book-arthur-o-lovejoy-9781163440490","title":"The Revolt Against Dualism","description":null,"brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51155626000657,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51155626426641,"sku":"NIN9781163440490","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1163440493.jpg?v=1751049745"},{"product_id":"reflections-on-human-nature-book-arthur-o-lovejoy-9781421432434","title":"Reflections on Human Nature","description":"Originally published in 1961. 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He also discusses the theory of human nature held by the founders of the American Constitution, giving special attention to James Madison and the \"Federalist Papers.\"","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"- \/ - \/ -","offer_id":51177980592401,"sku":"","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"US \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":51177981640977,"sku":"NIN9781421432434","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ GARDNERS","offer_id":51803320484113,"sku":"NGR9781421432434","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ NEW \/ INGRAM","offer_id":52539495153937,"sku":"NLS9781421432434","price":0.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/1421432439.jpg?v=1751240692"},{"product_id":"revolt-against-dualism-book-arthur-o-lovejoy-9781406749533","title":"The Revolt Against Dualism","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Revolt Against Dualism, first published in 1930, belongs to a tradition in philosophical theorizing that Arthur O. 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