{"product_id":"paradigms-and-barriers-book-howard-margolis-9780226505237","title":"Paradigms and Barriers","description":"In Paradigms and Barriers Howard Margolis offers an  innovative interpretation of Thomas S. Kuhn's landmark idea  of \"paradigm shifts,\" applying insights from cognitive  psychology to the history and philosophy of science.  Building upon the arguments in his acclaimed Patterns,  Thinking, and Cognition, Margolis suggests that the  breaking down of particular habits of mind—of critical  \"barriers\"—is key to understanding the processes through  which one model or concept is supplanted by another.   Margolis focuses on those revolutionary paradigm shifts—  such as the switch from a Ptolemaic to a Copernican  worldview—where challenges to entrenched habits of mind  are marked by incomprehension or indifference to a new  paradigm. Margolis argues that the critical problem for a  revolutionary shift in thinking lies in the robustness of the  habits of mind that reject the new ideas, relative to the  habits of mind that accept the new ideas.   Margolis applies his theory to famous cases in the history of  science, offering detailed explanations for the transition  from Ptolemaic to cosmological astronomy, the emergence of  probability, the overthrow of phlogiston, and the emergence  of the central role of experiment in the seventeenth century.  He in turn uses these historical examples to address larger  issues, especially the nature of belief formation and  contemporary debates about the nature of science and the  evolution of scientific ideas.   Howard Margolis is a professor in the Harris Graduate School  of Public Policy Studies and in the College at the University  of Chicago. He is the author of Selfishness, Altruism,  and Rationality and Patterns, Thinking, and  Cognition, both published by the University of Chicago  Press.","brand":"WoB","offers":[{"title":"GB \/ VERY_GOOD \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":49594528661777,"sku":"GOR005380675","price":10.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50114020213009,"sku":"CIN0226505235G","price":5.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"GB \/ WELL_READ \/ INTERNAL","offer_id":50156892127505,"sku":"GOR013873988","price":10.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"US \/ VERY_GOOD \/ SBYB","offer_id":50963119014161,"sku":"CIN0226505235VG","price":5.32,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0784\/4072\/6801\/files\/0226505235.jpg?v=1750909126","url":"https:\/\/www.worldofbooks.com\/products\/paradigms-and-barriers-book-howard-margolis-9780226505237","provider":"World of Books ","version":"1.0","type":"link"}