Ivy M. Alexander, PhD, C-ANP, is an Associate Professor at the Yale University School of Nursing and Director of the Adult, Family, Gerontological and Women's Health Primary Care Specialty. She is also a practicing clinician in the Internal Medicine Department of the Yale University Health Services. Dr. Alexander received her Bachelor of Science in Nursing degree from the Pennsylvania State University, her Master of Science degree from Northeastern University, a Post-Master's Certificate in Teaching from the University of Pennsylvania, and her PhD from the University of Connecticut. She has practiced as a nurse practitioner in internal medicine with a focus on women's health since 1992. Dr. Alexander has published numerous articles concerning women's health, is active in several state and national organizations, and is regularly invited to speak at national meetings. Her primary interest is menopause and midlife health issues, and she is currently conducting research focusing on menopause experiences and midlife health perceptions among black women. Dr. Alexander lives in Connecticut with her husband, Ray, and daughter, Lauren, and their two dogs and two cats. Karla A. Knight, RN, MSN, has been a nurse for 28 years. She was a pediatric nurse practitioner for many years in the office of the late John R. Craig, MD, of Waltham, Massachusetts. She has also worked with children and families in ambulatory clinics, hospitals, and long-term care. Ms. Knight has been a health care writer since 1997 and was a contributing writer for Nursing Spectrum for six years. Her many articles have appeared online as well as in magazines and specialty publications. She is a graduate of Mount Holyoke College with a bachelor's degree in political science and a master's degree from the Yale University School of Nursing. Ms. Knight is coauthor of 100 Questions and Answers About Menopause.She lives in Massachusetts with her husband, Tom Murphy, and their three children, Erin, Kyle and Kelsey.
