How to Navigate this Book
1 Introduction
1.1 The function and performance of buildings 1
1.2 New methods and products 8
1.3 Product selection and specification
Chapter 2 AT A GLANCE
2 Offsite Construction 17
2.1 Functional requirements 18
2.2 Preassembly 21
2.3 Modular building services 28
2.4 Prefabricated housing 30
2.5 The design and production process 34
2.6 Joints and joining 37
2.7 Additive manufacturing (3D printing) 38
Chapter 3 AT A GLANCE 41
3 Pile Foundations, Substructures and Basements 43
3.1 Pile foundations 43
3.2 Ground stabilisation 68
3.3 Substructures and basements 73
Chapter 4 AT A GLANCE 95
4 Single-Storey Frames, Shells and Lightweight Coverings 97
4.1 Lattice truss, beam, portal frame and flat roof structures 97
4.2 Roof and wall cladding, and decking 140
4.3 Rooflights 164
4.4 Diaphragm, fin wall and tilt-up construction 178
4.5 Shell structures 190
Chapter 5 AT A GLANCE 205
5 Structural Timber Frames 207
5.1 Functional requirements 207
5.2 Timber 209
5.3 Modified and engineered timber products 214
5.4 Timber framed walls 218
5.5 High-rise structural timber frames 239
Chapter 6 AT A GLANCE 241
6 Structural Steel Frames 243
6.1 Functional requirements 243
6.2 Methods of design 245
6.3 Steel sections 249
6.4 Structural steel frames 256
6.5 Welding 277
6.6 Fire protection of structural steelwork 291
6.7 Floor construction for structural steel frames 299
Chapter 7 AT A GLANCE 315
7 Structural Concrete Frames 317
7.1 Concrete 317
7.2 Concrete mixes 322
7.3 Reinforcement 328
7.4 Formwork and falsework 340
7.5 Prestressed concrete 356
7.6 Lightweight concrete 361
7.7 Concrete structural frames 364
7.8 Precast reinforced concrete frames 374
7.9 Lift slab construction 380
Chapter 8 AT A GLANCE 385
8 Envelopes to Framed Buildings 387
8.1 Terms and definitions 387
8.2 Functional requirements 388
8.3 Infill wall framing to a structural grid 398
8.4 Cavity walling 399
8.5 Facings applied to solid and cavity wall backings 402
8.6 Cladding panels 413
8.7 Sheet metal wall cladding 436
8.8 Glazed wall systems 446
8.9 Double skin facades 463
Chapter 9 AT A GLANCE 465
9 Lifts and Escalators 467
9.1 Functional requirements 467
9.2 Lifts (elevators) 469
9.3 Escalators and moving walkways 481
Chapter 10 AT A GLANCE 483
10 Fit Out and Second Fix 485
10.1 Commercial fit out 485
10.2 Raised floors 487
10.3 Suspended ceilings 491
10.4 Internal partition walls 496
Chapter 11 AT A GLANCE 503
11 Existing Buildings: Pathology, Upgrading and Demolition 505
11.1 The pathology of buildings 505
11.2 Decay and defects 510
11.3 Conservation of buildings 513
11.4 Retrofitting 516
11.5 Facade retention methods 520
11.6 Demolition, disassembly and recycling 530
11.7 Reuse and recycled materials 534
Index 539
