Chapter 1 Introduction: Waves and Phasors
1-1 Historical Timeline
1-1.1 EM in the Classical Era
1-1.2 EM in the Modern Era
1-2 Dimensions, Units, and Notation
1-3 The Nature of Electromagnetism
1-3.1 The Gravitational Force: A Useful Analogue
1-3.2 Electric Fields
1-3.3 Magnetic Fields
1-3.4 Static and Dynamic Fields
1-4 Traveling Waves
1-4.1 Sinusoidal Waves in a Lossless Medium
1-4.2 Sinusoidal Waves in a Lossy Medium
1-5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
1-6 Review of Complex Numbers
TB1 LED Lighting
1-7 Review of Phasors
1-7.1 Solution Procedure
1-7.2 Traveling Waves in the Phasor Domain
TB2 Solar Cells
Chapter 2 Transmission Lines
2-1 General Considerations
2-1.1 The Role of Wavelength
2-1.2 Propagation Modes
2-2 Lumped-Element Model
2-3 Transmission-Line Equations
2-4 Wave Propagation on a Transmission Line
2-5 The Lossless Microstrip Line
2-6 The Lossless Transmission Line: General Considerations
2-6.1 Voltage Reflection Coefficient
2-6.2 Standing Waves
2-7 Wave Impedance of the Lossless Line
TB3 Microwave Ovens
2-8 Special Cases of the Lossless Line
2-8.1 Short-Circuited Line
2-8.2 Open-Circuited Line
2-8.3 Application of Short-Circuit/ Open-Circuit Technique
2-8.4 Lines of Length l = n /2
2-8.5 Quarter-Wavelength Transformer
2-8.6 Matched Transmission Line: ZL = Z0
2-9 Power Flow on a Lossless Transmission Line
2-9.1 Instantaneous Power
2-9.2 Time-Average Power
2-10 The Smith Chart
2-10.1 Parametric Equations
2-10.2 Wave Impedance
2-10.3 SWR, Voltage Maxima and Minima
2-10.4 Impedance to Admittance Transformations
2-11 Impedance Matching
2-11.1 Lumped-Element Matching
2-11.2 Single-Stub Matching
2-12 Transients on Transmission Lines
2-12.1 Transient Response
2-12.2 Bounce Diagrams
TB4 EM Cancer Zappers
Chapter 3 Vector Analysis
3-1 Basic Laws of Vector Algebra
3-1.1 Equality of Two Vectors
3-1.2 Vector Addition and Subtraction
3-1.3 Position and Distance Vectors
3-1.4 Vector Multiplication
3-1.5 Scalar and Vector Triple Products
3-2 Orthogonal Coordinate Systems
3-2.1 Cartesian Coordinates
3-2.2 Cylindrical Coordinates
3-2.3 Spherical Coordinates
TB5 Global Positioning System
3-3 Transformations between Coordinate Systems
3-3.1 Cartesian to Cylindrical Transformations
3-3.2 Cartesian to Spherical Transformations
3-3.3 Cylindrical to Spherical Transformations
3-3.4 Distance between Two Points
3-4 Gradient of a Scalar Field
3-4.1 Gradient Operator in Cylindrical and Spherical Coordinates
3-4.2 Properties of the Gradient Operator
3-5 Divergence of a Vector Field
TB6 X-Ray Computed Tomography
3-6 Curl of a Vector Field
3-6.1 Vector Identities Involving the Curl
3-6.2 Stokes's Theorem
3-7 Laplacian Operator
Chapter 4 Electrostatics
4-1 Maxwell's Equations
4-2 Charge and Current Distributions
4-2.1 Charge Densities
4-2.2 Current Density
4-3 Coulomb's Law
4-3.1 Electric Field due to Multiple Point Charges
4-3.2 Electric Field due to a Charge Distribution
4-4 Gauss's Law
4-5 Electric Scalar Potential
4-5.1 Electric Potential as a Function of Electric Field
4-5.2 Electric Potential Due to Point Charges
4-5.3 Electric Potential Due to Continuous Distributions
4-5.4 Electric Field as a Function of Electric Potential
4-5.5 Poisson's Equation
4-6 Conductors
4-6.1 Drift Velocity
4-6.2 Resistance
4-6.3 Joule's Law
TB7 Resistive Sensors
4-7 Dielectrics
4-7.1 Polarization Field
4-7.2 Dielectric Breakdown
4-8 Electric Boundary Conditions
4-8.1 Dielectric-Conductor Boundary
4-8.2 Conductor-Conductor Boundary
4-9 Capacitance
4-10 Electrostatic Potential Energy
TB8 Supercapacitors as Batteries
4-11 Image Method
TB9 Capacitive Sensors
Chapter 5 Magnetostatics
5-1 Magnetic Forces and Torques
5-1.1 Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor
5-1.2 Magnetic Torque on a Current-Carrying Loop
5-2 The Biot-Savart Law
5-2.1 Magnetic Field due to Surface and Volume Current Distributions
5-2.2 Magnetic Field of a Magnetic Dipole
5-2.3 Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Conductors
5-3 Maxwell's Magnetostatic Equations
5-3.1 Gauss's Law for Magnetism
TB10 Electromagnets
5-3.2 Amp` ere's Law
5-4 Vector Magnetic Potential
5-5 Magnetic Properties of Materials
5-5.1 Electron Orbital and Spin Magnetic Moments
5-5.2 Magnetic Permeability
5-5.3 Magnetic Hysteresis of Ferromagnetic Materials
5-6 Magnetic Boundary Conditions
5-7 Inductance
5-7.1 Magnetic Field in a Solenoid
5-7.2 Self-Inductance
5-7.3 Mutual Inductance
5-8 Magnetic Energy
TB11 Inductive Sensors
Chapter 6 Maxwell's Equations for Time-Varying Fields
6-1 Faraday's Law
6-2 Stationary Loop in a Time-Varying Magnetic Field
6-3 The Ideal Transformer
6-4 Moving Conductor in a Static Magnetic Field
6-5 The Electromagnetic Generator
6-6 Moving Conductor in a Time-Varying Magnetic Field
TB12 EMF Sensors
6-7 Displacement Current
6-8 Boundary Conditions for Electromagnetics
6-9 Charge-Current Continuity Relation
6-10 Free-Charge Dissipation in a Conductor
6-11 Electromagnetic Potentials
6-11.1 Retarded Potentials
6-11.2 Time-Harmonic Potentials
Chapter 7 Plane-Wave Propagation
7-1 Time-Harmonic Fields
7-1.1 Complex Permittivity
7-1.2 Wave Equations
7-2 Plane-Wave Propagation in Lossless Media
7-2.1 Uniform Plane Waves
7-2.2 General Relation Between E and H 319
TB13 RFID Systems
7-3 Wave Polarization
7-3.1 Linear Polarization
7-3.2 Circular Polarization
7-3.3 Elliptical Polarization
TB14 Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
7-4 Plane-Wave Propagation in Lossy Media
7-4.1 Low-Loss Dielectric
7-4.2 Good Conductor
7-5 Current Flow in a Good Conductor
7-6 Electromagnetic Power Density
7-6.1 Plane Wave in a Lossless Medium
7-6.2 Plane Wave in a Lossy Medium
7-6.3 Decibel Scale for Power Ratios
Chapter 8 Wave Reflection and Transmission
8-1 Wave Reflection and Transmission at Normal Incidence
8-1.1 Boundary between Lossless Media
8-1.2 Transmission-Line Analogue
8-1.3 Power Flow in Lossless Media
8-1.4 Boundary between Lossy Media
8-2 Snell's Laws
8-3 Fiber Optics
TB15 Lasers
8-4 Wave Reflection and Transmission at Oblique Incidence
8-4.1 Perpendicular Polarization
8-4.2 Parallel Polarization
8-4.3 Brewster Angle
8-5 Reflectivity and Transmissivity
TB16 Bar-Code Readers
8-6 Waveguides
8-7 General Relations for E and H
8-8 TM Modes in Rectangular Waveguide
8-9 TE Modes in Rectangular Waveguide
8-10 Propagation Velocities
8-11 Cavity Resonators
8-11.1 Resonant Frequency
8-11.2 Quality Factor
Chapter 9 Radiation and Antennas
9-1 The Hertzian Dipole
9-1.1 Far-Field Approximation
9-1.2 Power Density
9-2 Antenna Radiation Characteristics
9-2.1 Antenna Pattern
9-2.2 Beam Dimensions
9-2.3 Antenna Directivity
9-2.4 Antenna Gain
9-2.5 Radiation Resistance
9-3 Half-Wave Dipole Antenna
9-3.1 Directivity of /2 Dipole
9-3.2 Radiation Resistance of /2 Dipole
9-3.3 Quarter-Wave Monopole Antenna
9-4 Dipole of Arbitrary Length
TB17 Health Risks of EM Fields
9-5 Effective Area of a Receiving Antenna
9-6 Friis Transmission Formula
9-7 Radiation by Large-Aperture Antennas
9-8 Rectangular Aperture with Uniform Aperture Distribution
9-8.1 Beamwidth
9-8.2 Directivity and Effective Area
9-9 Antenna Arrays
9-10 N-Element Array with Uniform Phase Distribution
9-11 Electronic Scanning of Arrays
9-11.1 Uniform-Amplitude Excitation
9-11.2 Array Feeding
Chapter 10 Satellite Communication Systems and Radar Sensors
10-1 Satellite Communication Systems
10-2 Satellite Transponders
10-3 Communication-Link Power Budget
10-4 Antenna Beams
10-5 Radar Sensors
10-5.1 Basic Operation of a Radar System
10-5.2 Unambiguous Range
10-5.3 Range and Angular Resolutions
10-6 Target Detection
10-7 Doppler Radar
10-8 Monopulse Radar
Appendix A Symbols, Quantities, Units, and Abbreviations
Appendix B Material Constants of Some Common Materials
Appendix C Mathematical Formulas
Appendix D Answers to Selected Problems
Bibliography
Index
