Section 1 - Patients and their treatment 1.1: Timothy M. Cox: An older patient's story 1.2: A younger patient's experience of healthcare 1.3: Rosamund Snow: The patient in control 1.4: Des Spence: What do patients need? 1.5: Mike Parker, Suleman Mehrunisha: Medical ethics 1.6: Tim Peto, Philippa Peto: Principles of clinical decision making Section 2 - Background to medicine 2.1: William F. Bynum: Science in medicine: when, how, and what 2.2: Nesse Randolph: Evolutionary medicine 2.3: Vos Theo, Alan Lopez, and Christopher Murray: The global burden of disease 2.4: Colin Baigent, R. Collins, R. Peto, R. Gray, and S. Parish: Large-scale randomized evidence: trials and meta-analyses of trials 2.5: Afzal Chaudhry: Bioinformatics 2.6: Kevin O'Shaughnessy: Clinical Pharmacology 2.7: John Isaacs, Nishanthi Thalayasingam: Biological Therapies in rheumatic diseases 2.8: Youyou Tu, Fulong Liao, and Jiang Tingliang: Traditional Medicine exemplified by Traditional Chinese Medicine 2.9: Emil Kakkis, Max Bronstein: Engaging patients in therapeutic development 2.10: Paul Newton: Medicine quality, physicians and patients 2.11: David Mant: Preventive medicine 2.12: Nick Wald: Medical screening 2.13: Evelyne de Leeuw: Health promotion 2.14: Harry Burns: Deprivation and health 2.15: Allyson M. Pollock and David Price: How much should rich country governments spend on healthcare? 2.16: Luis G. Sambo, Jorge Simoes, and Maria do Rosario O. Martins: Financing healthcare in low- income developing countries: A challenge for equity in health 2.17: Jeremy Farrar: Research in the developed world 2.18: Malegapuru (William) Makgoba, Steve Tollman: Fostering medical and health research in resource-constrained countries 2.19: Michael Rawlins: Regulation versus innovation in medicine 2.20: Amartya Sen: Human disasters 2.21: Amy Kravitz: Humanitarian medicine 2.22: Edzard Ernst: Complementary and Alternative medicine Section 3 - Cell biology 3.1: George Banting, Paul Luzio: The cell 3.2: James Lupski, Pawel Stankiewicz: The genomic basis of medicine 3.3: Iain B. McInnes: Cytokines 3.4: Francis M. Ashcroft, PauloTammaro: Ion channels and disease 3.5: Rodrigo Andres Floto: Intracellular signalling 3.6: Mark Arends, Chris Gregory: Apoptosis in health and disease 3.7: Siddharthan Chandran, Alexis Joannides, and Ludovic Vallier: Stem cells and regenerative medicine 3.8: Herman Waldmann, Gregory Winter: The evolution of therapeutic antibodies 3.9: Dennis Lo, Rossa Chiu: Circulating DNA for molecular diagnostics Section 4 - Immunological mechanisms 4.1: Paul Bowness: The innate immune system 4.2: Marina Botto, Matthew Pickering: The complement system 4.3: Paul Klenerman, Constantino Lopez: Adapative immunity 4.4: Dinakantha Kumararatne, Sophie Hambleton, Sara Marshall: Immunodeficiency 4.5: Pamela Ewan: Allergy 4.6: Antony Rosen: Autoimmunity 4.7: Kathryn J. Wood, Elizabeth Wallin: Principles of transplantation immunology Section 5 - Principles of clinical oncology 5.1: Anthony Swerdlow, Richard Peto: Epidemiology of cancer 5.2: James Brenton: The nature and development of cancer: cancer mutations and their implications 5.3: Rosalind Eeles: The genetics of inherited cancers 5.4: Charles Drake: Cancer immunity and immunotherapy 5.5: Martin Gore, Tim Eisen: Clinical features and management 5.6: Rajesh Jena, Peter Harper: Systemic treatment and radiotherapy 5.7: Tim Crook: Medical management of breast cancer Section 6 - Old age medicine 6.1: Neil Pendleton, Claire Steves: Ageing and clinical medicine 6.2: Andrew Clegg, Harnish Patel: Frailty and sarcopenia 6.3: Steve Iliffe: Optimising well being into old age 6.4: Simon Controy, Jay Banerjee: Older people and acute medical illness 6.5: Graham Ellis, Alasdair MacLullich, and Rowan Harwood: Age atuning general hospital services 6.6: Jugdeep Dhesi, Judith Partridge, and Jacqueline Close: Supporting older peoples' care in other specialist services 6.7: Miles Witham, Denis O'Mahony, and Jacob George: Drugs and prescribing 6.8: Tash Masud, Fiona Kearney: Falls, Faints and Fragility Fractures 6.9: Susie Orme, Danielle Harari: Bladder and bowels 6.10: John Hindle: Neurodegenerative disorders in older people 6.11: Eileen Burns, Claire Scampion: Promotion of healthy living, dignity and quality of life Section 7 - Pain & Pallative Care 7.1: Susan Salt: Introduction to palliative care 7.2: Marie Fallon: Pain management 7.3: Regina McQuillan: Management of other symptoms 7.4: Suzanne Kite, Adam Hurlow: Care of the dying person Section 8 - Infectious diseases 8.1.1: Duncan Maskell, James Wood: Biology of pathogenic microorganisms 8.1.2: Duncan Young, Peter Watkinson: Clinical features and general management of patients with severe infections 8.2.1: Christopher Ellis: Clinical approach to patient with suspected infection 8.2.2: Steven Vanderschueren: Fever of unknown origin 8.2.3: Ian C.J.W. Bowler, Matthew Scarborough: Nosocomial infection 8.2.4: Jonathan Cohen, Elham Khatamzas: Infection in the immunocompromised host 8.2.5: Alisdair P. MacGowan: Antimicrobial chemotherapy 8.3.1: David Goldblatt, Mary Ramsay: Immunization 8.4.1: Chris P. Conlon, Susanna Dunachie: Travel & expedition medicine 8.5.1: Malik Peiris: Respiratory tract viruses 8.5.2: Patrick Sissons: Herpesviruses (excluding Epstein Barr virus) 8.5.3: Alan B. Rickinson: Epstein-Barr virus 8.5.4: Geoffrey L. Smith: Poxviruses 8.5.5: B.K. Rima: Mumps: epidemic parotitis 8.5.6: H.C. Whittle, Peter Aaby: Measles 8.5.7: C.T. Tan: Nipah and Hendra virus encephalitides 8.5.8: Phillip Minor, Ulrich Desselberger: Enterovirus infections 8.5.9: Philip Dormitzer, Ulrich Desselberger: Virus infections causing diarrhoea and vomiting 8.5.10: M.J. Warrell, David A. Warrell: Rhabdoviruses: rabies and rabies-related lyssaviruses 8.5.11: M.J. Warrell, David A. Warrell: Colorado tick fever & other arthropod-borne reoviruses 8.5.12: Ann Powers: Alphaviruses 8.5.13: Pat Tookey, Jennifer M. Best: Rubella 8.5.14: Nikos Vasilakis, Shannan Rossi: Flaviviruses (excepting Dengue) 8.5.15: Bridget A. Wills, Leo Yee-Sin: Dengue 8.5.16: James W. LeDuc, Dennis Bente: Bunyaviridae 8.5.17: Jan ter Meulen: Arenaviruses 8.5.18: Jan ter Meulen: Filoviruses 8.5.19: Raphael P. Viscidi, Chen Sabrina Tan: Papovaviruses and polyomaviruses 8.5.20: Kevin E. Brown: Parvovirus B19 8.5.21: Matthew Cramp, Ashwin Dhanda: Hepatitis viruses (excluding hepatitis C virus) 8.5.22: Paul Klenerman, Jane Collier: Hepatitis C virus 8.5.23: Sarah Fidler, Tim Peto, Philip Goulder, and Christopher Conlon: HIV and AIDS 8.5.24: Kevin M. De Cock, Alison D. Grant: HIV in low- and middle-income countries 8.5.25: K (Tine) Verdonck, Eduardo Gotuzzo: HTLV-1, HTLV-2 and associated diseases 8.5.26: Robin A. Weiss: Viruses and cancer 8.5.27: Emma Aarons, David Warrell: Orf and Milker s Nodule 8.5.28: David Warrell and Christopher Conlon: Molluscum contagiosum 8.5.29: Harriet Hughes, Susanna Froude: Newly discovered viruses 8.6.1: Delia B. Bethell, Tran Tinh Hien: Diphtheria 8.6.2: Dennis L. Stevens, Sarah E. Hobdey: Streptococci and enterococci 8.6.3: Anthony J. Scott: Pneumococcal infections 8.6.4: Kyle Popovich, Robert Weinstein, and Bala Hota: Staphylococci 8.6.5: Petter Brandtzaeg: Meningococcal infections 8.6.6: Magnus Unemo, Jackie Sherrard: Neisseria gonorrhoeae 8.6.7: Pennington Hugh: Enterobacteria and bacterial food-poisoning 8.6.8: Sharon Peacock, Gavin Koh: Pseudomonas aeruginosa 8.6.9: Chris Parry, Buddha Basnyat: Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers 8.6.10: Nicole Stoesser: Intracellular klebsiella infections (donovanosis and rhinoscleroma) 8.6.11: Anilrudh A. Venugopal, David W. Hecht: Anaerobic bacteria 8.6.12: A.A.M. Lima, Dick Guerrant: Cholera 8.6.13: Esther Robinson: Haemophilus influenzae 8.6.14: Nigel O'Farrell: Haemophilus ducreyi & chancroid 8.6.15: Cameron Grant: Bordetella infection 8.6.16: Sharon Peacock,: Melioidosis & glanders 8.6.17: Michael B. Prentice: Plague: Yersinia pestis 8.6.18: Michael B. Prentice: Other Yersinia infections - yersiniosis 8.6.19: Marina S. Morgan: Pasteurella 8.6.20: Petra C.F. Oyston: Francisella tularensis infection 8.6.21: A. Brown: Anthrax 8.6.22: Juan D. Colmenero, Pilar Morata: Brucellosis 8.6.23: Louisa Thwaites, Lam Minh Yen: Tetanus 8.6.24: Mark Wilcox, David Eyre: Clostridium difficile 8.6.25: D.L. Stevens, Michael J. Aldape, and Amy E. Bryant: Botulism, gas gangrene, and clostridial gastrointestinal infections 8.6.26: Richard E. Chaisson, Jean B. Nachega: Tuberculosis 8.6.27: Jakko van Ingen, P.D.O. Davies: Disease caused by environmental mycobacteria 8.6.28: Diana N.J. Lockwood: Leprosy (Hansen's disease) 8.6.29: W.M. Meyers, Francoise Portaels: Buruli ulcer: Mycobacterium ulcerans infection 8.6.30: Klaus P. Schaal: Actinomycosis 8.6.31: Roderick J. Hay: Nocardiosis 8.6.32: Andrew Woodhouse: Rat bite fevers (Streptobacillus moniliformis and Spirillum minus infection) 8.6.33: John Nowakowski: Lyme borreliosis 8.6.34: David A. Warrell: Relapsing fevers 8.6.35: Nick Day: Leptospirosis 8.6.36: Michael Marks, David Mabey, and Oriol Mitja: Nonvenereal endemic treponematoses: yaws, endemic syphilis (bejel), and pinta 8.6.37: Basil Donovan, Phillip Read: Syphilis 8.6.38: Herbert Hof: Listeriosis 8.6.39: Jordi Carratala Fernandez, Diego Viasus: Legionelleosis and legionnaires' disease 8.6.40: Philippe Parola, Didier Raoult, and Karolina Griffiths: Rickettsiosis 8.6.41: Daniel Paris, Nicholas P. J. Day: Scrub typhus 8.6.42: Thomas J. Marrie: Coxiella burnetti infections (Q fever) 8.6.43: Bruno B. Chomel, Henri-Jean Boulouis, Matthew J. Stuckey, Jean-Marc Rolain: Bartonelloses, excluding B bacilliformis 8.6.44: A. Llanos-Cuentas, Ciro Maguina-Vargas: Bartonella bacilliformis infection 8.6.45: Patrick Horner, David Mabey, David Taylor-Robinson, Magnus Unemo: Chlamydial infections 8.6.46: Jorgen Jensen, David Taylor-Robinson: Mycoplasmas 8.6.47: John Paul: A checklist of bacteria associated with infection in humans 8.7.1: Roderick J. Hay: Fungal infections 8.7.2: William G. Powderly,: Cryptococcosis 8.7.3: Gregory M. Anstead, John R. Graybill: Coccidioidomycosis 8.7.4: M. A. Shikanai-Yasuda: Paracoccidioidomycosis 8.7.5: Robert F. Miller, Christopher Eades: Pneumocystis jiroveci 8.7.6: Khuanchai Supparatpinyo, Romanee Chaiwarith: Taralomyces (Penicillium) marneffei infection 8.7.7: Louis Weiss: Microsporidiosis 8.8.1: Richard Knight: Amoebic infections 8.8.2: Arjen Dondorp: Malaria 8.8.3: Philippe Brasseur: Babesiosis 8.8.4: Eskild Petersen, Oliver Liesenfeld: Toxoplasmosis 8.8.5: Simone M. Caccio: Cryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis 8.8.6: Paul Kelly: Cyclospora and cyclosporiasis 8.8.7: Louis Weiss: Cystoisospora 8.8.8: John Cooper: Sarcocystosis (sarcosporidiosis) 8.8.9: Lars Eckmann: Giardiasis and balantidiasis 8.8.10: Richard Knight: Blastocystis infection 8.8.11: Reto Brun, Johannes Blum: Human African trypanosomiasis 8.8.12: Michael Miles: Chagas disease 8.8.13: Diana Lockwood: Leishmaniasis 8.8.14: Jane R. Schwebke: Trichomoniasis 8.9.1: G. M. Burnham: Cutaneous filariasis 8.9.2: Richard Knight: Lymphatic filariasis 8.9.3: Richard Knight: Guinea worm disease (dracunculiasis) 8.9.4: Michael Brown: Strongyloidiasis, hookworm & other gut strongyloid nematodes 8.9.5: Peter Chiodini, David Grove: Gut and tissue nematode infections acquired by ingestion 8.9.6: Richard Knight: Angiostrongylus 8.10.1: Richard Knight: Cestodes (tapeworms) 8.10.2: Pedro Moro, Hector H. Garcia, and Armando E. Gonzalez: Cystic hydatid disease (Echinococcus granulosus) 8.10.3: Hector H. Garcia, R. H. Gilman: Cysticercosis 8.11.1: David Dunne, Birgitte Vennervald: Schistosomiasis 8.11.2: Ross Andrews, Paiboon Sithithaworn, Trevor Petney, and Khuntikeo Narong: Liver fluke infections 8.11.3: Udomsak Silachamroon, Sirivan Vanijanonta: Lung flukes (paragonimiasis) 8.11.4: Alastair McGregor: Intestinal trematode infections 8.12: John Paul: Non-venomous arthropods 8.13: D. A. Warrell: Pentostomiasis (porocephalosis, linguatulosis/ linguatuliasis or tongue worm infection) Section 9 - Sexually transmitted diseases 9.1: David Mabey, Anita Vas-Falcao: Epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases 9.2: Catherine H. Mercer, Annie M. Johnson: Sexual behaviour 9.3: Gary Brook, Jackie Sherrard, and Graziano Luzzi: Sexual history and examination 9.4: Paul Nyirjesy: Vaginal discharge 9.5: Paddy Horner: Urethritis 9.6: Raj Patel, Patrick French: Ano-genital ulcers 9.7: Charles Lacey, Henry de Vries: Ano-genital lumps 9.8: Jonathan Ross: Pelvic inflammatory disease 9.9: Zara Haider: Principles of contraception Section 10 - Environmental medicine, occupational medicine, and poisoning 10.1: Jonathan Ayers: Introduction 10.2.1: Raymond Agius, Sen Debasish: Occupational and environmental health 10.2.2: Lawrence Waterman, Michelle Twigg: Occupational safety 10.2.3: Michael Bagshaw: Aviation medicine 10.2.4: Mark Glover: Diving medicine 10.2.5: David Koh, Tar-Ching Aw: Noise 10.2.6: Tar-Ching Aw: Vibration 10.3.1: Om Kurmi, Kin Bong Hubert Lam: Air pollution 10.3.2: M.A. Stroud: Heat 10.3.3: M.A. Stroud: Cold 10.3.4: Peter Fenner: Drowning 10.3.5: Chris Andrews: Lightning and electrical injuries 10.3.6: Eric Swenson, Tyler J. Albert: Diseases of high terrestrial altitudes 10.3.7: Jill Meara: Radiation 10.3.8: Peter J. Baxter: Disasters: earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes & floods 10.3.9: Manfred Green: Bioterrorism 10.4.1: J.A. Vale, Nick Bateman, and Sally Bradberry: Poisoning by drugs and chemicals 10.4.2: D. A. Warrell: Injuries, envenoming, poisoning, allergic reactions caused by animals 10.4.3: D. A. Warrell, Hans Persson: Poisonous fungi 10.4.4: Michael Eddleston, Hans Persson: Poisonous plants Section 11 - Nutrition 11.1: Keith N. Frayn, Rhys Evans: Macronutrient metabolism 11.2: Tom Hill, David Bender: Vitamins 11.3: Katherine Younger: Minerals and trace elements 11.4: Alan Jackson: Severe malnutrition 11.5: Jim Mann, Stewart Truswell: Diseases of affluent societies and the need for dietary change 11.6: Sadaf Farooqi: Obesity 11.7: Jeremy Woodward: Artificial nutrition support Section 12 - Metabolic disorders 12.1: Timothy M. Cox: The inborn errors of metabolism - general aspects 12.2: George Hoffman, Stefan Koelker: Protein-dependent Inborn errors of metabolism 12.3.1: Robin Lachmann, Timothy M. Cox: Glycogen storage diseases 12.3.2: Timothy M. Cox: Inborn errors of fructose metabolism 12.3.3: Timothy M. Cox: Disorders of galactose, pentose, and pyruvate metabolism 12.4: Lynette Fairbanks, Tony Marinaki, and Richard W. E. Watts: Disorders of purine and pyrimidine metabolism 12.5: Timothy M. Cox: The porphyrias 12.6: James Scott, Jaimini Cegla: Lipid and lipoprotein disorders 12.7.1: William J. H. Griffiths, Timothy M. Cox: Hereditary haemochromatosis 12.7.2: Pramod Mistry, Michael Schilsky: Inherited diseases of copper metabolism: Wilson's Disease and Menke's Disease 12.8: Patrick B. Deegan, Timothy M. Cox: Lysosomal disease 12.9: Anthony Wierzbicki: Disorders of peroxisomal metabolism in adults 12.10: Christopher Danpure, Sonia Fargue, and Dawn Milliner: Hereditary disorders of oxalate metabolism the primary hyperoxalurias 12.11: Julian Seifter: Disturbances of acid base homeostasis 12.12.1: Mark Pepys: The acute phase response and C-reactive protein 12.12.2: Helen Lachmann, Philip Hawkins, and Stefan Berg: Hereditary periodic fever syndrome 12.12.3: Mark Pepys, Philip Hawkins: Amyloidosis 12.13: David A. Lomas: Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and the serpinopathies Section 13 - Endocrine disorders 13.1: V. Krishna Chatterjee, Mark Gurnell, and Rob Fowkes: Principles of hormone action 13.2.1: John Wass, Niki Karavitaki: Disorders of the anterior pituitary gland 13.2.2: John Wass, Niki Karavitaki, and Shahzada K. Ahmed: Disorders of the posterior pituitary gland 13.3.1: Anthony P. Weetman, Kristien Boelaert: The thyroid gland and disorders of thyroid function 13.3.2: Kristien Boelaert, Anthony P. Weetman: Thyroid cancer 13.4: Rajesh V. Thakker: Parathyroid disorders & diseases altering calcium metabolism 13.5.1: Mark Sherlock, Will Drake, and Mark Gurnell: Disorders of the adrenal cortex 13.5.2: Nils Krone: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia 13.6.1: Stephen Franks: Ovarian disorders 13.6.2: Pierre Bouloux: Disorders of male reproduction 13.6.3: Gael M. MacLean: Benign breast disease 13.6.4: Ian Eardley: Sexual dysfunction 13.7.1: Gary Butler: Normal growth and its disorders 13.7.2: Fiona Ryan, Sejal Patel: Normal puberty and its disorders 13.7.3: Ahmed Faisal, Angela Lucas-Herald: Normal and abnormal sexual differentiation 13.8: Stephen Bloom, Tricia Tan, and Bernard Khoo: Pancreatic endocrine disorders & MEN 13.9.1: Colin Dayan, Julia Platts: Diabetes mellitus 13.9.2: Mark Evans, Ben Challis: Hypoglycaemia 13.10: John Wass, Tom Barber: Hormonal manifestations of non-endocrine disorders 13.11: Jo Arendt, Tim Cox: The pineal gland and melatonin Section 14 - Medical disorders in pregnancy 14.1: David J. Williams: Physiological changes of normal pregnancy 14.2: David J. Williams: Nutrition in pregnancy 14.3: David J. Williams: Medical management of normal pregnancy 14.4: Fergus McCarthy: Hypertension in pregnancy 14.5: Kate Wiles: Renal disease in pregnancy 14.6: Catherine E. Head: Heart disease in pregnancy 14.7: Peter McCallum, Louise Bowles: Thrombosis in pregnancy 14.8: Tina Hartert, Meredith Pugh: Chest disease in pregnancy 14.9: Cath Williamson, Michael Heneghan: Liver and gastrointestinal disease during pregnancy 14.10: Bryony Jones, Anne Dornhurst: Diabetes in pregnancy 14.11: David Carty: Endocrine disease in pregnancy 14.12: Pooja Dassan: Neurological conditions in pregnancy 14.13: Gudula Kirtschig, Fenella Wojnarowska: The skin in pregnancy 14.14: Cathy Nelson-Piercy, May Ching Soh: Autoimmune rheumatic disorders & vasculitis in pregnancy 14.15: Rosie Burton: Maternal infection in pregnancy 14.16: Lawrence Impey: Fetal effects of maternal infection 14.17: David Perry, Katharine Lowndes: Blood disorders in pregnancy 14.18: Robin A. F. Crawford: Malignant disease in pregnancy 14.19: Rupert Gauntlett: Maternal critical care 14.20: Lucy MacKillop, Charlotte Frise: Prescribing in pregnancy 14.21: Aarthi Mohan: Contraception for women with medical diseases Section 15 - Gastroenterological disorders 15.1: Satish Keshav, Michael FitzPatrick: Structure and function of the gastrointestinal tract 15.2: Jeremy Woodward: Symptoms of gastrointestinal disease 15.3.1: James East, Brian P. Saunders: Colonoscopy and flexible sigmoidoscopy 15.3.2: James East, George Webster: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy 15.3.3: Michael Maher, Fiona Moloney: Radiology of the gastrointestinal tract 15.3.4: Jervoise Andreyev: Investigation of gastrointestinal function 15.4.1: Justin Davies, Simon Buczacki: The acute abdomen 15.4.2: Vanessa Brown, TA Rockall: Gastrointestinal Bleeding 15.5: Arthur Kaser, Joya Bhattacharyya: Immune disorders of the gastrointestinal tract 15.6: John Gibson, Douglas Robertson: The mouth and salivary glands 15.7: Rebecca C. Fitzgerald, Massimiliano di Pietro: Diseases of the oesophagus 15.8: Joseph Sung, Mok Hing Yiu: Peptic ulcer disease 15.9.1: Rebecca Scott, T.M. Tan, S.R. Bloom: Hormones and the gastrointestinal tract 15.9.2: B. Khoo, T.M. Tan, S.R. Bloom: Carcinoid syndrome 15.10.1: Alastair Forbes, Victoria Mulcahy: Differential diagnosis and investigation of malabsorption 15.10.2: Ray Playford, Stephen Middleton: Bacterial overgrowth of the small intestine 15.10.3: David Sanders, Peter Mooney: Coeliac disease 15.10.4: Kikkeri N. Naresh: Gastrointestinal lymphomas 15.10.5: Timothy M. Cox: Disaccharidase Deficiency 15.10.6: Didier Raoult, Florence Fenollar: Whipple's Disease 15.10.7: Stephen Middleton, Simon Gabe, Raymond Playford: Effects of massive bowel resection 15.10.8: Vineet Ahuja, Govind Makharia: Malabsorption syndromes in the Tropics 15.11: Miles Parkes, Tim Raine: Crohn's disease 15.12: Peter Irving, Jeremy Sanderson: Ulcerative colitis 15.13: Qasim Aziz, Adam Farmer: Irritable bowel syndrome 15.14: Niel Mortensen, Nicholas Buchs, Roel Hompes, Shazad Ashraf: Colonic diverticular disease 15.15: Uhlig Holm: Congenital abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract 15.16: J. Bridgewater, Stephen Pereira, Peter Labib,: Cancers of the gastrointestinal tract 15.17: Ray Boyapati: Vascular disorders of the GI tract 15.18: Sarah O'Brien: Gastrointestinal infections 15.19: Alexander E. S. Gimson: Miscellaneous disorders of the bowel 15.20: Alexander E. S. Gimson, William Gelson: Structure and function of the liver, biliary tree and pancreas 15.21: Wajahat Mehal: Pathobiology of chronic liver disease 15.22.1: Jane Collier: Investigation and management of jaundice 15.22.2: Arroyo Vicente, Javier Fernandez: Cirrhosis and ascites 15.22.3: Peter Hayes, Marcus Robertson: Portal hypertension and variceal bleeding 15.22.4: Debbie Shawcross, Paul Middleton: Hepatic encephalopathy 15.22.5: Rajiv Jalan, Jane Macnaughtan: Liver failure 15.22.6: John O'Grady: Liver transplantation 15.23.1: Alexander Graeme, Kate Nash: Hepatitis A to E 15.23.2: Gideon Hirschfield, G. J. Webb: Autoimmune hepatitis 15.23.3: David Jones, Jessica Dyson: Primary biliary cholangitis 15.23.4: Roger W. Chapman, Kate Williamson: Primary sclerosing cholangitis 15.24.1: Ewan Forrest: Alcoholic liver disease 15.24.2: Quentin Anstee, Chris Day: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease 15.24.3: Guruprasad Aithal: Drug-induced liver disease 15.24.4: Alexander Gimson: Vascular disorders of the liver 15.24.5: James Neuberger: The liver in systemic disease 15.24.6: Michael Allison, Graeme Alexander, David Lomas: Primary and secondary liver tumours 15.24.7: Richard Thompson: Liver and biliary diseases in infancy and childhood 15.25: Colin Johnson, Mark Wright: Diseases of the gallbladder and biliary tree 15.26.1: Ross Carter, Colin McKay, Euan Dickson: Acute pancreatitis 15.26.2: Marco Bruno, Djuna Cahen: Chronic pancreatitis 15.26.3: Steve Pereira, James Skipworth: Tumours of the pancreas Section 16 - Cardiovascular disorders 16.1.1: Keith Channon, Patrick Vallance: Blood vessels and the endothelium 16.1.2: Rhys Evans, Kenneth MacLeod, Steven B. Marston, and Nicholas J. Severs: Cardiac physiology 16.2.1: Jeremy Dwight: Chest pain, breathlessness and fatigue 16.2.2: Kim Rajappan, A. C. Rankin, A. D. McGavigan, and S. M. Cobbe: Syncope and palpitation 16.3.1: Andrew R. Houghton, David Gray: Electrocardiography 16.3.2: Adrian P. Banning, Andrew R. J. Mitchell, and James D. Newton: Echocardiography 16.3.3: Nikant Sabharwal, Andrew Kelion, Theo Karamitos, and Stefan Neubauer: Cardiac investigations: nuclear, MRI and CT 16.3.4: Edward D. Folland: Cardiac catheterisation and angiography 16.4: Matthew Ginks, Gregory Y. H. Lip, D. Lane, S. M. Cobbe, A. D. McGavigan, and A. C. Rankin: Cardiac arrhythmias 16.5.1: Theresa McDonagh, Kaushik Guha: Epidemiology and general pathophysiological classification of heart failure 16.5.2: Andrew L. Clark, John G. F. Cleland: Acute heart failure: definitions, investigation and management 16.5.3: John G. F. Cleland, Andrew L. Clark: Chronic heart failure: definitions, investigation and management 16.5.4: Darren Green, Philip Kalra: Cardiorenal syndrome 16.5.5: Jayan Parameshwar, Steven Tsui: Cardiac transplantation and mechanical circulatory support 16.6: Michael Henein: Valvular heart disease 16.7.1: Jay W. Mason: Myocarditis 16.7.2: William J. McKenna, Perry Elliot, and Oliver Guttman: The cardiomyopathies: hypertrophic, dilated, restrictive and right ventricular 16.7.3: Speciac heart muscle disorders 16.8: Michael Henein: Pericardial disease 16.9.1: Jonathan R. Carapetis: Acute rheumatic fever 16.9.2: James L. Harrison, Bernard D. Prendergast, and William A. Littler: Endocarditis 16.9.3: Peter F. Currie: Cardiac disease in HIV infection 16.9.4: Krishna Somers: Cardiovascular syphilis 16.10: Thomas A. Traill: Tumours of the heart 16.11: Thomas A. Traill: Cardiac involvement in genetic disease 16.12: S. A. Thorne: Congenital heart disease in the adult 16.13.1: Robin P. Choudhury, Edward A. Fisher: Biology & pathology of atherosclerosis 16.13.2: Goodarz Danaei, Kazem Rahimi: Coronary heart disease: epidemiology and prevention 16.13.3: Adam D. Timmis: Management of stable angina 16.13.4: Keith A. A. Fox, Rajesh K. Kharbanda: Management of acute coronary syndromes 16.13.5: Edward D. Folland: Percutaneous interventional cardiac procedures 16.13.6: Rana Sayeed, David Taggart: Coronary artery bypass and valve surgery 16.14.1: Andrew R. J. Mitchell, James D. Newton, and Adrian P. Banning: Acute aortic syndromes 16.14.2: Janet Powell, Alun Davies: Peripheral arterial disease 16.14.3: Christopher Dudley: Cholesterol embolism 16.15.1: Nicholas W. Morrell: Structure and function of the pulmonary circulation 16.15.2: Nicholas W. Morrell: Pulmonary hypertension 16.16.1: Paul D. Stein, Fadi Matta, and John D. Firth: Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism 16.16.2: David Keeling: Therapeutic anticoagulation 16.17.1: Bryan Williams: Essential hypertension: definition, epidemiology and pathophysiology 16.17.2: Bryan Williams, John D. Firth: Essential hypertension: diagnosis, assessment and treatment 16.17.3: Morris J. Brown, Fraz Mir: Secondary hypertension 16.17.4: Nilesh J. Samani, Maciej Tomaszewski: Mendelian disorders causing hypertension 16.17.5: Gregory Y. H. Lip, Gareth Beevers: Hypertensive urgencies and emergencies 16.18: Peter S. Mortimer: Chronic peripheral oedema and lymphoedema 16.19: John D. Firth: Idiopathic oedema of women Section 17 - Critical care 17.1: Carole Foot, Liz Hickson: The clinical approach to the patient who is very ill 17.2: Gavin Perkins, Jasmeet Soar, Jerry P. Nolan, and David A. Gabbott,: Cardiac arrest 17.3: Anthony F. T. Brown: Anaphylaxis 17.4: Rupert Pearse, Tom Abbott: Preparing patients with medical conditions for major surgery 17.5: Mark Griffiths, Simon Finney, Jeremy Cordingley, and Susannah Leaver,: Acute respiratory failure 17.6: Michael Pinsky: The circulation and circulatory support in the critically ill 17.7: David K. Menon: Management of raised intracranial pressure 17.8: Michael Reade: Sedation and analgesia in the ICU 17.9: Greet Van den Berghe, Eva Boonen: Metabolic and endocrine changes in acute and chronic critical illness 17.10: Philip Levin, Charles Sprung: Palliative and end of life care in the ICU 17.11: Paul Murphy: Neurological death and organ donation 17.12: T Jack Iwashyna, Mark Mikkelsen: Medical problems in ICU survivors Section 18 - Respiratory disorders 18.1.1: Pallav Shah: The upper respiratory tract 18.1.2: Pallav Shah: Airways and alveoli 18.2: Samuel Kemp, Julian Hopkin: The clinical presentation of respiratory disease 18.3.1: G. J. Gibson: Respiratory function tests 18.3.2: Sue Copley: Thoracic imaging 18.3.3: Pallav Shah: Bronchoscopy, thoracoscopy and tissue biopsy 18.4.1: Paul Little: Upper respiratory tract infections 18.4.2: Wei Shen Lim: Pneumonia in the normal host 18.4.3: Wei Shen Lim: Nosocomial pneumonia 18.4.4: Onn Min Kon, Hannah Jarvis: Mycobacteria 18.4.5: Anton Pozniak, Julia Choy,: Pulmonary complications of HIV infection 18.5.1: Matthew Hind, James Hull: Upper airway obstruction 18.5.2: Mary Morrell, Matthew Hind, Julia Kelly, and Alison McMillan: Sleep-related breathing disorders 18.6: S. R. Durham, Hesham Saleh: Allergic rhinitis 18.7: Andrew Menzies-Gow, Alexandra Nanzer-Kelly: Asthma 18.8: Nicholas Hopkinson: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 18.9: Wilson Robert: Bronchiectasis 18.10: Andrew Bush, Caroline Elston: Cystic fibrosis 18.11.1: Athol U. Wells, Felicia Teo: Diffuse parenchymal lung disease: an introduction 18.11.2: Athol U. Wells, P. Molyneaux, and A. G. Nicholson: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 18.11.3: Athol U. Wells, V. Kouranos: Bronchiolitis obliterans and cryptogenic organising pneumonia 18.11.4: Athol U. Wells, M. Kokosi: The lung in autoimmune rheumatic disorders 18.11.5: Athol U. Wells, G. P. Margaritopoulos: The lung in vasculitis 18.12: Robert P. Baughman, Elyse E. Lower: Sarcoidosis 18.13: Peter Reid: Pneumoconioses 18.14.1: Stephen Bourke, Gavin P. Spickett: Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage 18.14.2: Stephen Bourke, Gavin P. Spickett: Eosinophilic pneumonia 18.14.3: Stephen Bourke: Lymphocytic infiltrations of the lung 18.14.4: Stephen Bourke, Gavin P. Spickett: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis 18.14.5: Stephen Bourke: Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis 18.14.6: Stephen Bourke: Lymphangioleiomyomatosis 18.14.7: Stephen Bourke: Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis 18.14.8: Stephen Bourke: Pulmonary amyloidosis 18.14.9: Stephen Bourke: Lipoid (lipid) pneumonia 18.14.10: Stephen Bourke: Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis 18.14.11: Chris Stenton: Toxic gases and aerosols 18.14.12: Stephen Bourke: Radiation pneumonitis 18.14.13: Stephen Bourke: Drug-induced lung disease 18.15: Michael Polkey: Chronic Respiratory Failure 18.16: Andrew Fisher, Peter Hopkins: Lung transplantation 18.17: Nicholas Maskell, Duneesha de Fonseka: Pleural disease 18.18: Michael Polkey, John Shneerson: Disorders of the thoracic cage and diaphragm 18.19.1: Stephen G. Spiro: Lung cancer 18.19.2: Stephen G. Spiro: Pulmonary metastases 18.19.3: Y.C. Gary Lee: Pleural tumours 18.19.4: Y.C. Gary Lee: Mediastinal tumours and cysts Section 19 - Rheumatological disorders 19.1: Thomas Pap: Structure and function - Joints and connective tissue 19.2: Christopher Deighton, Fiona Pearce: Clinical presentation and diagnosis of rheumatological disorders 19.3: Michael Doherty, Peter C. Lanyon: Clinical investigation 19.4: Carlo Ammendolia: Back pain and regional disorders 19.5: John Isaacs, Kenneth Baker: Rheumatoid arthritis 19.6: J. Braun, Joachim Sieper: Spondyloarthritis and related conditions 19.7: Graham Raftery, Muddassir Shaikh: Infection and arthritis 19.8: Carmel Stober, Hill Gaston: Reactive arthritis 19.9: Philip Conaghan: Osteoarthritis 19.10: Michael Doherty, Edward Roddy: Crystal-related arthropathies 19.11.1: David A. Isenberg, Ian A. Giles: Introduction 19.11.2: David A. Isenberg, Anisur Rahman: Systemic lupus erythematosus and related disorders 19.11.3: Christopher Denton: Systemic sclerosis 19.11.4: Wan-Fai Ng: Sjogren's syndrome 19.11.5: Ingrid Lundberg, Hector Chinoy, and Robert Cooper: Myositis 19.11.6: Raashid Luqmani, Cristina Ponte: Large vessel vasculitis (Takayasu, GCA) 19.11.7: David Jayne: ANCA associated vasculitis 19.11.8: Loic Guillevin,: Polyarteritis nodosa 19.11.9: Richard Watts: Small vessel vasculitis 19.11.10: Hassan Yazici, Sebahattin Yurdakul, and Izznet Fresko: Behcet's syndrome 19.11.11: Eric Matteson, Bhaskar Dasgupta: Polymyalgia rheumatica 19.11.12: Brian McCrindle: Kawasaki disease 19.12: Ade Adebajo, Lisa Dunkley, and Stuart Carter: Miscellaneous conditions presenting to the rheumatologist Section 20 - Disorders of the skeleton 20.1: Paul Wordsworth, Kassin Javaid: Skeletal disorders general approach and clinical conditions 20.2: Nigel Burrows: Inherited defects of connective tissue: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Marfan's syndrome, and pseudoxanthoma elasticum 20.3: Martin McNally: Osteomyelitis 20.4: Nick Harvey, Cyrus Cooper, and Juliet Compston: Osteoporosis 20.5: Gavin Clunie: Osteonecrosis, osteochondrosis, and osteochondritis dissecans 20.6: Helen Hatcher: Bone cancer Section 21 - Disorders of the kidney and urinary tract 21.1: Steve Harper: Structure and function of the kidney 21.2.1: Michael L. Moritz, Juan Carlos Ayus: Disorders of water and sodium homeostasis 21.2.2: John Firth: Disorders of potassium homeostasis 21.3: John Firth: Clinical presentation of renal disease 21.4: Andrew Davenport: Clinical investigation of renal disorders 21.5: John Firth: Acute kidney injury 21.6: Alastair Hutchinson: Chronic kidney disease 21.7.1: Robert Mactier: Haemodialysis 21.7.2: Simon Davies: Peritoneal dialysis 21.7.3: Nick Torpey: Renal transplantation 21.8.1: John Feehally, Jonathan Barratt: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy and Henoch Schonlein purpura 21.8.2: John Feehally, Peter Topham: Thin membrane nephropathy 21.8.3: Saleem Moin, Lisa Willcocks: Minimal change nephropathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 21.8.4: Fernando Fervenza, An DeVriese: Membranous nephropathy 21.8.5: Mark Little, Alan Salama: Proliferative glomerulonephritis 21.8.6: Mark Little, Tabitha Turner-Stokes: Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis 21.8.7: Marten Segelmark, Thomas Hellmark,: Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease 21.9.1: Simon D. Roger: Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis 21.9.2: Marc E. De Broe, Patrick C. D'Haese, Monique M. Elseviers, and Carlos Manuel Orantes Navarro: Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis 21.10.1: Rudy B. Bilous: Diabetes mellitus and the kidney 21.10.2: David Jayne: The kidney in systemic vasculitis 21.10.3: Liz Lightstone, Hannah Beckwith: The kidney in rheumatological disorders 21.10.4: Ingeborg Hilderson, Jan Donck: The kidney in sarcoidosis 21.10.5: Franck Bridoux, Pierre Ronco, and Arnaud Jaccard: Renal involvement in plasma cell dyscrasias, immunoglobulin-based amyloidoses, and fibrillary glomerulopathies, lymphomas, and leukaemias 21.10.6: David Kavanagh, Edwin Wong: Haemolytic uraemic syndrome 21.10.7: Claire Sharpe: Sickle cell disease and the kidney 21.10.8: Neil Turner: Infection-associated nephropathies 21.10.9: Neil Turner: Malignancy-associated renal disease 21.10.10: Philip Kalra, Diana Vassallo: Atherosclerotic renovascular disease 21.11: Vivekenand Jha: Renal disease in the tropics 21.12: Dominique Joly, J. P. Grunfeld: Renal involvement in genetic disease 21.13: Charlie Tomson, Neil Sheerin: Urinary tract infection 21.14: F. L. Coe, Christopher Pugh, Elaine M. Worcester, and Andrew P. Evan: Disorders of renal calcium handling, urinary stones, and nephrocalcinosis 21.15: John Sayer, Fiona E. Karet: The renal tubular acidoses 21.16: Nine Knoers, Elena Levtchenko: Disorders of tubular electrolyte handling 21.17: Muhammad Magdi Yaqoob, Kieran McCafferty: Urinary tract obstruction 21.18: Tim Eisen, Freddie Hamdy, Robert Huddart: Malignant disease of the urinary tract 21.19: Aine Burns, Caroline Ashley: Drugs and the kidney Section 22 - Haematological disorders 22.1: Chris Hatton, David C. Linch: Introduction to haematology 22.2.1: Paresh Vyas: Cellular and molecular basis of haematopoiesis 22.2.2: Wendy Erber: Diagnostic techniques in the assessment of haematological malignancies 22.3.1: Nancy Berliner: Granulocytes: function and dysfunction 22.3.2: David Steensma, Charlotte Brierley: Myelodysplastic syndromes 22.3.3: Alan Burnett, Nigel Russell: Acute myeloid leukaemia 22.3.4: Tessa Holyoake, Mhairi Copland: Chronic myeloid leukaemia 22.3.5: Ronald Hoffman, Daniel Aruch: The polycythaemias 22.3.6: Ronald Hoffman, Daniel Aruch: Thrombocytosis 22.3.7: Jerry L. Spivak, Evan M. Braunstein: Primary myelofibrosis 22.3.8: Peter F. Weller: Eosinophilia 22.3.9: Chris Hatton: Histocytoses 22.4.1: Nancy Berliner: Introduction to lymphopoiesis 22.4.2: H. Joeself Vormoor, Tobias F. Menne, and Anthony V. Moorman: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 22.4.3: James O. Armitage, Raj Vijaya Bhatt: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 22.4.4: James O. Armitage, Raj Vijaya Bhatt: Hodgkin lymphoma 22.4.5: Clive Zent, Vijaya Raj Polliack: Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia 22.4.6: Vincent Rajkumar, Vijaya Raj Kyle: Plasma cell myeloma and related monoclonal gammopathies 22.5.1: Irene Roberts, Vijaya Raj Dokal: Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes 22.5.2: Judith Marsh, Vijaya Raj Mufti: Aplastic anaemia 22.5.3: Lucio Luzzatto: Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria 22.6.1: V. G. Sankaran: Introduction to erythropoiesis 22.6.2: Chris Hatton, David Weatherall: Principles and classification of anaemia 22.6.3: David Roberts, David Weatherall: Anaemia as a challenge to world health 22.6.4: J. Porter, Timothy Cox: Iron metabolism and its disorders 22.6.5: Sant-Rayn Pasricha, Hal Drakesmith: The anaemia of inflammation and chronic disease 22.6.6: AV Hoffbrand,: Megaloblastic anaemia 22.6.7: D. J. Weatherall, D Hay: Disorders of globin structure and function 22.6.8: Stephen Fuller, James Wiley: Defective red cell maturation 22.6.9: Patrick Gallagher: Red cell membrane defects 22.6.10: Alberto Zanella, Paola Bianchi: Red cell enzyme defects 22.6.11: Lucio Luzzatto: G6PD deficiency 22.6.12: Leslie Silberstein, AA Powers: Acquired haemolytic anaemias 22.7.1: Gilbert C White, Harold Roberts, Nigel Key: Biology of haemostasis and thrombosis 22.7.2: Trevor Baglin: Evaluation of the patient with a bleeding tendency 22.7.3: Nicola Curry, Susie Shapiro: Thrombocytopenia and disorders of platelet function 22.7.4: Kathy High: Genetic disorders of coagulation 22.7.5: Theodore Warkentin: Acquired coagulation disorders 22.8.1: Ed Snyder, Dominick Giovanniello: Blood transfusion 22.8.2: Emma Morris, EC Gordon-Smith: Transplantation Section 23 - Disorders of the skin 23.1: John McGrath: Structure and function of the skin 23.2: Vanessa Venning: Clinical approach to the diagnosis of skin disease 23.3: David Kelsell, Thiviyani Maruthappu: Inherited skin disease 23.4: Kathy Taghipour, Fenella Wojnarowska: Autoimmune bullous diseases 23.5: Chris Griffiths: Papulosquamous disease 23.6: Roderick J. Hay: Dermatitis/eczema 23.7: Karen Harman, Wolha Shpadaruk: Cutaneous vasculitis, connective tissue diseases, and urticaria 23.8: Eugene Healy: Disorders of pigmentation 23.9: Hiva Fassihi: Photosensitivity 23.10: Roderick J. Hay: Infections and the skin 23.11: Alison Layton: Sebaceous and sweat gland disorders 23.12: Roderick J. Hay: Blood and lymphatic vessel disorders 23.13: David DeBerker: Hair and nail disorders 23.14: Edel O'Toole: Tumours of the skin 23.15: Clive B. Archer, Charles M. G. Archer: Skin and systemic disease 23.16: Sarah Walsh, Haur Yueh Lee, Danie Creamer: Cutaneous reactions to drugs 23.17: Rodney Sinclair: Management of skin disease Section 24 - Neurological disorders 24.1: Christopher Kennard: Introduction and approach to the patient with neurological disease 24.2: Adam Zeman: Mind and brain: building bridges linking neurology, psychiatry, and psychology 24.3.1: Andrew Larner, Rhys Davies: Lumbar puncture 24.3.2: Christian Krarup: Electrophysiology of the central and peripheral nervous systems 24.3.3: Shelley Renowden, Marcus Bradley: Imaging in neurological diseases 24.3.4: Kerry R. Mills: Investigation of central motor pathways: magnetic brain stimulation 24.4.1: Peter Nestor: Disturbances of higher cerebral function 24.4.2: Jonathan Schott: Alzheimer's disease and other dementias 24.5.1: Arjune Sen: Epilepsy in later childhood and adults 24.5.2: Matthew Walker: Narcolepsy 24.5.3: Paul Reading: Sleep disorders 24.5.4: Andrew Larner: Syncope 24.5.5: David Bates: The unconscious patient 24.5.6: Peter Hutchinson, John Pickard, and Ari Ercole: Brain death and prolonged disorders of consciousness 24.6.1: Christopher Kennard, Sara Ajina: Disorders of the visual pathways 24.6.2: Michael Strupp, Thomas Brandt: Disorders of eye movements and balance 24.6.3: Linda Luxon: Disorders of auditory function 24.7.1: Mark Edwards: Subcortical structures: the cerebellum, basal ganglia, and thalamus 24.7.2: K. Ray Chaudhuri, Elisaveta Sokolov, and Vinod Metta: Parkinsonism and other extrapyramidal diseases 24.7.3: Kailash Bhatia, Bettina Balint: Movement disorders other than Parkinson s disease 24.7.4: Nicholas Wood: Ataxic disorders 24.8: Peter Goadsby: Headache 24.9: David Bates: Brainstem syndromes 24.10.1: Peter Rothwell: Stroke: cerebrovascular disease 24.10.2: Siddharthan Chandran, Alisdair Coles: Demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system 24.10.3: Tim Lawrence, Laurence Watkins: Traumatic brain injury 24.10.4: Jeremy Rees: Intracranial tumours 24.10.5: Alexandra Sinclair: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension 24.11.1: Guy Thwaites, Diederik van de Beek: Bacterial infections 24.11.2: Tom Solomon, Fiona McGill: Viral infections 24.11.3: Richard Kerr, Tim Lawrence: Intracranial abscess 24.11.4: Hadi Manji: Neurosyphilis and neuroAIDS 24.11.5: Simon Mead: Human prion disease 24.12: Robert D. M. Hadden: Disorders of cranial nerves 24.13.1: Andrew Larner, Anu Jacob: Diseases of the spinal cord 24.13.2: W.S. El Masri, M. P. Barnes: Spinal cord injury and its management 24.14: Christopher Mathias, David Low: Disorders of the autonomic nervous system 24.15: Pamela Shaw, Thomas Jenkins, and Alice Brockington: The motor neuron diseases 24.16: Robert D. M. Hadden: Diseases of the peripheral nerves 24.17: Swati Sathe: Inherited neurodegenerative diseases 24.18: David Hilton-Jones: Disorders of the neuromuscular junction 24.19.1: Michael Hanna, Enrico Bugiardini: Structure and function of muscle 24.19.2: Kate Bushby, Chiara Marini-Bettolo: Muscular dystrophy 24.19.3: David Hilton-Jones: Myotonia 24.19.4: David Hilton-Jones: Metabolic and endocrine disorders 24.19.5: D. M. Turnbull, Patrick Chinnery: Mitochondrial disease 24.20: Chris Verity, Jane A. Hurst, and Helen Firth: Developmental abnormalities of the central nervous system 24.21: Niel Scolding: Acquired metabolic disorders and the nervous system 24.22: Niel Scolding: Neurological complications of systemic disease 24.23: Jeremy Rees: Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes 24.24: Camilla Buckley, Angela Vincent: Autoimmune encephalitis and Morvan s syndrome Section 25 - Disorders of the eye 25.1: Tasanee Braithwaite, Richard W. Lee, and Peng T. Khaw: The eye in general medicine Section 26 - Psychiatric and drug-related disorders 26.1: Michael Sharpe: General introduction 26.2: Smyth Roger: Psychiatric assessment of the medical patient 26.3.1: Bart Sheehan, Thomas Jackson: Confusion 26.3.2: Keith Hawton, Kate Saunders: Self-harm 26.3.3: Michael Sharpe: Medically unexplained symptoms 26.3.4: Jane Walker: Low mood 26.4.1: Philip J Cowen: Psychopharmacology in medical practice 26.4.2: Michael Sharpe: Psychological treatment in medical practice 26.5.1: Bart Sheehan: Delirium 26.5.2: Bart Sheehan: Dementia 26.5.3: Jason Caplan, Curtis McKnight: Organic psychoses 26.5.4: Jonathan Wood: Alcohol misuse 26.5.5: Stephen Potts: Substance misuse 26.5.6: Lydia Chwastiak, Joseph Cerimele: Depression 26.5.7: Kate Saunders, John Geddes: Bipolar disorder 26.5.8: Steve Epstein, Ted Liao: Anxiety disorders including OCD 26.5.9: Jon Bisson: Acute stress reactions, adjustment and PTSD 26.5.10: Christopher G. Fairburn: Eating disorders 26.5.11: Stephen Lawrie: Schizophrenia 26.5.12: Michael Sharpe, Simon Wessely: Somatic symptom disorders and CFS 26.5.13: Iain Jordan: Personality disorder 26.6.1: Amy O'Donnell, Eileen Kaner, and Nick Heather: Brief interventions for excessive alcohol consumption 26.6.2: Susan Jebb, Paul Aveyard: Obesity and weight management 26.6.3: Paul Aveyard: Smoking cessation 26.7.1: Michael Sharpe: Liaison psychiatry Section 27 - Forensic medicine 27.1: Jason Payne-James, Paul Marks, Steven Karch, and Ralph Bouhaidar: Forensic and legal medicine Section 28 - Sports and exercise medicine 28.1: Cathy Speed: Sports and exercise medicine Section 29 - Biochemistry in medicine 29.1: Brian Shine, Nishan Guha: The use of biochemical analysis for diagnosis and management Section 30 - Acute Medicine 30.1: John Firth: Acute medical presentations 30.2: John Firth: Practical Procedures