Part 1 Composing
1 Think as a Writer
a Think About the Process of Communication
b Think About Your Audience
c Think About Your Credibility
2 Read and View with a Critical Eye
a Become a Critical Reader
b Become a Critical Viewer
3 Plan and Draft
a Establish Goals and Find a Topic
b Write a Working Thesis
c Determine Your Organization
d Focus Your Paragraphs
e Write Effective Beginning and Ending Paragraphs
4 Revise, Edit, and Proofread
a Evaluate Your Draft
b Learn Strategies for Rewriting
c Edit for Specific Goals
d Proofread Carefully
e Review the Writing of Others
5 Write Arguments
a Position Arguments and Proposal Arguments
b Find an Arguable Topic and Make a Claim
c Organize and Write a Position Argument
d Make a Proposal
e Organize and Write a Proposal Argument
6 Write in Academic Genres
a Write an Observation
b Write a Case Study
c Write a Rhetorical Analysis
d Write an Essay Exam
7 Write in Online and Multimedia Genres
a Compose Blogs and Discussion Posts
b Create Multimedia Projects
PART 2 Planning Research and Finding Sources
Research Map: Conducting Research
8 Plan Your Research
a Analyze the Research Task
b Find and Narrow a Topic
c Determine What Kind of Research You Need
d Draft a Working Thesis
e Create a Working Bibliography
9 Find Sources
a Develop Strategies for Finding Sources
b Find Sources in Databases
c Find Sources on the Web
d Find Print Sources
e Keep Track of Sources
10 Evaluate Sources
a Determine the Relevance of Sources
b Evaluate Database and Print Sources
c Evaluate Web Sources
11 Plan Field Research
a Know What You Can Obtain from Field Research
b Conduct Interviews
c Administer Surveys
d Make Observations
PART 3 Incorporating and Documenting Sources
12 Use Sources Effectively and Avoid Plagiarism
a Decide When to Quote and When to Summarize and Paraphrase
b Take Notes Effectively
c Use Quotations Effectively
d Integrate Quotations
e Use Summaries and Paraphrases Effectively
13 Understand and Avoid Plagiarism
a What Is Plagiarism?
b Which Sources Do You Need to Acknowledge?
14 MLA Documentation
MLA Documentation Map
a Citing Sources in an MLA-Style Project
b Creating the List of Works Cited
c In-text Citations in MLA Style
d Illustrated Samples and Index of Works Cited
e Journals, Magazines Newspapers, and Other Print Sources
f Books
g Library Database Sources
h Web Sources and Other Online Sources
i Visual Sources
j Multimedia Sources
k Sample Research Paper with MLA Documentation
15 APA Documentation
a In-text Citations in APA Style
b Illustrated Samples and Index of References
c Periodical Sources
d Books
e Online Sources
f Visual and Multimedia Sources
g Sample Pages from a Research Paper with APA Documentation
16 CMS Documentation
a The Elements of CMS Documentation
b Books and Nonperiodical Sources
c Periodical Sources
d Online Sources
e Sample Pages with CMS Documentation
17 CSE Documentation
a In-Text References in CSE Style
b Books and Nonperiodical Sources
c Periodical Sources
d Online Sources
e Sample Pages with CSE Documentation
Part 4 Effective Style and Language
18 Write with Power
a Recognize active and passive voice
b Use action verbs
c Find agents
d Vary your sentences
19 Write Concisely
a Eliminate unnecessary words
b Reduce wordy phrases
c Simplify tangled sentences
20 Write with Emphasis
a Manage emphasis within sentences
b Forge links across sentences
c Use parallel structure with parallel ideas
21 Find the Right Words
a Be aware of levels of formality
b Be aware of denotation and connotation
c Use specific language
d Write to be inclusive
e Recognize international varieties of English
Part 5 Understanding Grammar
22 Fragments, Run-ons, and Comma Splices
a Fragments
b Run-on sentences
c Comma splices
23 Subject-Verb Agreement
a Agreement in the present tense
b Singular and plural subjects
c Indefinite pronouns as subjects
d Collective nouns as subjects
e Inverted word order
f Amounts, numbers, and pairs
24 Verbs
a Basic verb forms
b Irregular verbs
c Transitive and intransitive verbs
25 Pronouns
a Pronoun case
b Pronoun agreement
c Avoiding sexist pronouns
d Vague reference
26 Shifts
a Shifts in tense
b Shifts in mood
c Shifts in voice
d Shifts in person and number
27 Modifiers
a Choose the correct modifier
b Place adjectives carefully
c Place adverbs carefully
d Hyphens with compound modifiers
e Revise dangling modifiers
28 Grammar for Multilingual Writers
a Nouns
b Articles
c Verbs
Part 6 Understanding Puncutation and Mechanics
29 Commas
a Commas with introductory elements
b Commas with compound clauses
c Commas with nonrestrictive modifiers
d Commas with items in a series
e Commas with coordinate adjectives
f Commas with quotations
g Commas with dates, numbers, titles, and addresses
h Commas to avoid confusion
i Unnecessary commas
30 Semicolons and Colons
a Semicolons with closely related main clauses
b Semicolons together with commas
c Colons in sentences
d Colons with lists
31 Dashes and Parentheses
a Dashes and parentheses to set off information
b Dashes and parentheses versus commas
c Other punctuation with parentheses
32 Apostrophes
a Possessives
b Contractions and omitted letters
c Plurals of letters, symbols, and words referred to as words
33 Quotation Marks
a Direct quotations
b Titles of short works
c Other uses of quotation marks
d Other punctuation with quotation marks
e Misuses of quotation marks
34 Other Punctuation Marks
a Periods
b Question marks
c Exclamation points
d Brackets
e Ellipses
f Slashes
35 Capitalization, Italics, Abbreviations, Numbers
a Capital letters
b Italics
c Abbreviations
d Acronyms
e Numbers
Glossary of Grammatical Terms and Usage
Index
Credits
Revision Guide
