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The Power of Critical Thinking Lewis Vaughn

The Power of Critical Thinking By Lewis Vaughn

The Power of Critical Thinking by Lewis Vaughn

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The Power of Critical Thinking Summary

The Power of Critical Thinking: Effective Reasoning about Ordinary and Extraordinary Claims by Lewis Vaughn

The Power of Critical Thinking: Effective Reasoning About Ordinary and Extraordinary Claims, Sixth Edition, provides the broadest range of tools to show students how critical thinking applies in their lives and the world around them. It explores the essentials of critical reasoning, argumentation, logic, and argumentative essay writing while also incorporating important topics that most other texts leave out, such as inference to the best explanation, scientific reasoning, evidence and authority, visual reasoning, and obstacles to critical thinking.

The Power of Critical Thinking Reviews

This is an excellent critical thinking book! I will likely adopt it for future classes. It is well written, engaging, appropriate for undergraduates, and has a lot of good exercises, including real-world applications. In addition, the cost is much more affordable than competing texts, without compromising the content.--Ken Hochstetter, College of Southern Nevada The Power of Critical Thinking is a great textbook. Its strengths are its repetition of key ideas and the many real-world applications, like the connection between ESP and expectation. This text offers a taste of all areas of human reasoning in an accessible and intelligent manner. The fun information boxes will also keep students interested.--June Yang, Grossmont College Vaughn's textbook is one of the most readable critical thinking textbooks. It is written for freshmen college students, even those who are not fully prepared for college-level work. The self-assessment quizzes and integrated exercises are among the best features of this book.--Tobyn DeMarco, Bergen Community College

About Lewis Vaughn

Lewis Vaughn is the author or coauthor of several textbooks, including Philosophy Here and Now, Third Edition (2018), Writing Philosophy, Second Edition (2018), Living Philosophy, Second Edition (2017), and Concise Guide to Critical Thinking (2017), all published by Oxford University Press.

Table of Contents

Preface: PART 1. BASICS 1. The Power of Critical Thinking Why It Matters How It Works Claims and Reasons: Reasons and Arguments: Arguments in the Rough: Key Words Summary Exercises Field Problems Self-Assessment Quiz Writing Assignments 2. Obstacles to Critical Thinking Psychological Obstacles The Almighty Self: The Power of the Group: Philosophical Obstacles Subjective Relativism: Social Relativism: Skepticism: Key Words Summary Exercises Field Problems Self-Assessment Quiz Integrative Exercises Writing Assignments 3. Making Sense of Arguments Argument Basics Judging Arguments Finding Missing Parts Argument Patterns Diagramming Arguments Assessing Long Arguments Key Words Summary Field Problems Self-Assessment Quiz Integrative Exercises Writing Assignments PART 2. REASONS 4. Reasons for Belief and Doubt When Claims Conflict Experts and Evidence Personal Experience Impairment: Expectation: Innumeracy and Probability: Fooling Ourselves Resisting Contrary Evidence: Looking for Confirming Evidence: Preferring Available Evidence: * Evaulating Sources: The Internet and Beyond * Fake News: Advertising and Persuasion Identification: Slogans: Misleading Comparisons: Weasel Words: Key Words Summary Exercises Field Problems Self-Assessment Quiz Integrative Exercises Writing Assignments 5. Fallacies and Persuaders Fallacies: Irrelevant Premises Genetic Fallacy: Composition: Division: Appeal to the Person: Equivocation: Appeal to Popularity: Appeal to Tradition: Appeal to Ignorance: Appeal to Emotion: Red Herring: Straw Man: Two Wrongs Make a Right: Fallacies: Unacceptable Premises Begging the Question: False Dilemma: Decision-Point Fallacy: Slippery Slope: Hasty Generalization: Faulty Analogy: Persuaders: Rhetorical Moves Innuendo: Euphemisms and Dysphemisms: Stereotyping: Ridicule: Rhetorical Definitions: Key Words Summary Exercises Field Problems Self-Assessment Quiz Integrative Exercises Writing Assignments PART 3. ARGUMENTS 6. Deductive Reasoning: Propositional Logic Connectives and Truth Values Conjunction: Disjunction: Negation: Conditional: Checking for Validity Simple Arguments: Tricky Arguments: Streamlined Evaluation: Proof of Validity Rules of Inference: Rules of Replacement: Key Words Summary Field Problems Self-Assessment Quiz Integrative Exercises Writing Assignments 7. Deductive Reasoning: Categorical Logic Statements and Classes Translations and Standard Form Terms: Quantifiers: Diagramming Categorical Statements Sizing Up Categorical Syllogisms The Square of Opposition: Categorical Equivalence: Key Words Summary Field Problems Self-Assessment Quiz Integrative Exercises Writing Assignments 8. Inductive Reasoning Enumerative Induction Sample Size: Representativeness: Opinion Polls: Analogical Induction Causal Arguments Testing for Causes: Causal Confusions: Necessary and Sufficient Conditions: Key Words Summary Field Problems Self-Assessment Quiz Integrative Exercises Writing Assignments PART 4. EXPLANATIONS 9. Inference to the Best Explanation Explanations and Inference Theories and Consistency Theories and Criteria Testability: Fruitfulness: Scope: Simplicity: Conservatism: Telling Good Theories from Bad A Doomed Flight: An Amazing Cure: Key Words Summary Field Problems Self-Assessment Quiz Integrative Exercises Writing Assignments 10. Judging Scientific Theories Science and Not Science The Scientific Method Testing Scientific Theories Judging Scientific Theories Copernicus Versus Ptolemy: Evolution Versus Creationism: Science and Weird Theories Making Weird Mistakes Leaping to the Weirdest Theory: Mixing What Seems with What Is: Misunderstanding the Possibilities: Judging Weird Theories Crop Circles: Talking with the Dead: Summary Field Problems Self-Assessment Quiz Integrative Exercises Writing Assignments 11. Critical Thinking in Morality and the Law Moral Arguments Moral Premises Moral Theories Evaluating Moral Theories: Two Important Theories: Legal Reasoning A Coherent Worldview Key Words Summary Exercises Field Problems Self-Assessment Quiz Integrative Exercises Writing Assignments * Appendix A: The Truth About Philosophy Majors Appendix B: Essays for Evaluation 1. Death Penalty Discriminates Against Black Crime Victims 2. Marine Parks 3. A Feminist Defense of Pornography 4. A Defense of Homosexuality 5. More Innocents Die When We Don't Have Capital Punishment 6. What's Wrong with Adultery? 7. A Pat-Down Is Better Than a Blow-Up 8. The Cohabitation Epidemic 9. Not Being Vaccinated Is Not Acceptable 10. Women and the Afghanistan Peace Process 11. A Deviance from God's Norm 12. Marriage Still Evolving, as Ever 13. Slouching Toward Chimeras 14. Fighting Islamic Extremists Who Stifle Free Speech 15. Is Sluttishness a Feminist Statement? 16. Torture: Time for Congress to End the Debate, 17. Torture: Severe Interrogations Work 18. Freedom of Expression: Protect Student Speech-Even Unwise Bong Banner 19. Freedom of Expression: Policy Reflects Common Sense 20. It's Irresponsible to Spread Fear of Vaccine 21. Flag Amendment: Flag Needs Protection Appendix C. Answers to Exercises Appendix D. Answers to Self-Assessment Quizzes Appendix E. Critical Thinking and Writing Notes: Glossary: Credits: Index:

Additional information

CIN0190852712G
9780190852719
0190852712
The Power of Critical Thinking: Effective Reasoning about Ordinary and Extraordinary Claims by Lewis Vaughn
Lewis Vaughn
Used - Good
Paperback
Oxford University Press Inc
2018-10-04
600
null null null null null null null null null null
Book picture is for illustrative purposes only, actual binding, cover or edition may vary.
This is a used book - there is no escaping the fact it has been read by someone else and it will show signs of wear and previous use. Overall we expect it to be in good condition, but if you are not entirely satisfied please get in touch with us

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