An original global history that tells a compelling story of the interconnectedness of the world in premodern times.-Fabio Rambelli, UC Santa Barbara
This book provides us with a valuable historical understanding of one of the big questions of our time: how and why has China become a 21st -century global superpower?-Roger Crowley, author of Conquerors
1368 is an exciting and important book that broadens our understanding of the Ming and Qing centuries, two momentous eras in Chinese and world history.-Hyunhee Park, author of Mapping the Chinese and Islamic Worlds
A brilliant reorientation of 600 years of history. Its global perspective explores afresh a number of multifaceted encounters with high points in China's civilization and successfully avoids both Sinocentric and Eurocentric narratives. A remarkable story succinctly told.-Wang Gungwu, author of The Eurasian Core and its Edges
Akhtar's smooth and rich narrative, grounded in extant scholarship, archival sources, literary texts and material culture, makes 1368 accessible and thought-provoking for readers of different backgrounds.-Chiara Formichi, author of Islam and Asia
Ali Akhtar writes a longue duree history from an Asian perspective. His masterly exploration of global-Asian interaction leaves readers mulling over an important question: How are we to understand Asia's and specifically also China's role in the evolving global order? The light of history offers some answers.-Peter Borschberg, author of The Singapore and Melaka Straits
A wide-ranging and very thought-provoking book. 1368 presents a vision of how the world became knitted together by the seams.-Eric Tagliacozzo, author of The Longest Journey
A remarkably concise and well-illustrated volume that commands attention for its Asia-centered approach to global history as well as its erudite and original coverage of a broad range of subjects, from the history of the Silk Road, the Spice Trade, the European overseas empires, to modern Japan and global China in the 21st century, and more.-Andre Wink, author of The Making of the Indo-Islamic world c.700-1800 CE
This exciting study reveals the place of global China in the modern world's economic system and its layered history. From the book's long-duration understanding of history, we can learn many perspectives on our relationship with China as a new global power.-Eiji Nagasawa, The University of Tokyo
Ali Akhtar's 1368 reveals the Indian Ocean, the Silk Road, and China's relations with the Persianate World to be significant strands in the weaving of global modernity.-Zvi Ben-Dor Benite, author of The Dao Of Muhammad
Ali Humayun Akhtar's book offers an important intervention in scholarly considerations of the transitions to the global modern age. Akhtar builds upon the recent turn to the study of social networks while at the same time challenging us to think more creatively about the dynamic nature of such networks. The work highlights elements such as the prominent role of Muslims in the renewed promotions of network ties based on premodern relations between China, Central Asia, and the Middle East. Chinese governments and related networks, including Japanese governments, were international and, arguably, globalizing influences, long before their appearance as global players in the 20th century.-Brian Ruppert, Kanagawa University, author of Jewel in the Ashes
With deep research and engaging prose, 1368 upends orthodox trajectories of research that have long inquired about the impact of 'the west' upon 'the rest' through a vivid exploration of how travelers and wanderers became conduits of Chinese culture to the rest of the world. 1368 is a timely book and positively engrossing read.-William Noseworthy, Cornell University
[1368] is an enlightening look into a vital historical era that has been understudied in the West-Publisher's Weekly
Today's China is a manufacturing powerhouse producing much of the world's trade goods. Akhtar makes the case that this phenomenon is a reoccurrence of China's manufacturing dominance in international trade before the Industrial Revolution of the 19th century, which tipped the balance to Western Europe and the United States.-Joshua Wallace, Library Journal
Akhtar synthesizes more than 500 years of global history with style and economy. He fluidly construes Zen Buddhism, Timurid travel accounts, Islam in Korea, so-called peace marriages with Malay vassals, Vermeer's The Milkmaid (ca. 1660), Thomas Paine and Voltaire on Confucius, and the rise and fall of the Tokugawa shogunate-and contrasts the divergent strategies and legacies of the Europeans on one hand, and those of the Chinese and Japanese on the other.-Maxwell Carter, The Wall Street Journal
