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List of Figures.- List of Tables.- List of Contributing Authors.- Preface.- Acknowledgments.- I Introduction.- 1 Farmers, Gene Banks, and Crop Breeding: Introduction and Overview 3 M. Smale, M. Bellon, and P. L. Pingal.- 2 Definition and Measurement of Crop Diversity for Economic Analysis 19 E. C. H. Meng, M. Smale, M. R. Bellon, and D. Grimanell.- II Valuation of Crop Genetic Resources Conserved Ex Situ.- 3 The Cost of Conserving Maize and Wheat Genetic Resources Ex Situ 35 P. G. Pardey, B. Skovmand, S. Taba, E. Van Dusen, and B.D. Wright.- 4 Optimal Collection and Search for Crop Genetic Resources 57 D. Gollin, M. Smale, and B. Skovmand.- 5 Crop Breeding Models and Implications for Valuing Genetic Resources 79 R. E. Evenson and S. Lemarie.- III Conserving Crop Diversity on Farms.- 6 Farmers Perceptions of Varietal Diversity: Implications for On-farm Conservation of Rice 95 M. R. Bellon, J.-L. Pham, L. S. Sebastian, S. R. Francisco, G. C. Loresto, D. Erasga, P. Sanchez, M. Calibo, G. Abrigo, and S. Quilloy.- 7 Agronomic and Economic Competitiveness of Maize Landraces and In Situ Conservation in Mexico 109 H. Perales R., S. B. Brush, and C. O. Qualset.- 8 Implications for the Conservation of Wheat Landraces in Turkey from a Household Model of Varietal Choice 127 E.C. H. Meng, J. E. Taylor, and S. B. Brush.- IV Impacts of Crop Diversity on Productivity and Stability.- 9 The Contribution of Genetic Resources and Diversity to Wheat Productivity in the Punjab of Pakistan 145 J. Hartell, M. Smale, P. W. Heisey, and B. Senauer.- 10 Varietal Diversity and Yield Variability in Chinese Rice Production 159 D. Widawsky and S. Rozelle.- 11 The Economic Impact of Diversifying the Genetic Resistance to Leaf Rust Disease in Modern Bread Wheats 173 M. Smale and R. P. Singh.- VPolicies and Genetic Resource Utilization.- 12 Intellectual Property Rights, Technology Transfer, and Genetic Resource Utilization 191 D. Zilberman, C. Yarkin, and A. Heiman.- 13 Enhancing the Diversity of Modern Germplasm through the International Coordination of Research Roles 205 G. Traxler and P. L. Pingal.- 14 Achieving Desirable Levels of Crop Diversity in Farmers Fields: Factors Affecting the Production and Use of Commercial Seed 217 M. L. Morris and P. W. Heisey.- 15 Collaborative Plant Breeding as an Incentive for On-farm Conservation of Genetic Resources: Economic Issues from Studies in Mexico 239 M. Smale, D. Soleri, D. A. Cleveland, D. Louette, E. B. Rice, and A. Aguirre.